Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/sparkijan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From *sparkō (“spark”) +‎ *-jan.

Verb

*sparkijan

  1. to spark
  2. to sparkle

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive *sparkijan
1st sg. past *sparkidā
Infinitive *sparkijan
Genitive infin. *sparkijannjas
Dative infin. *sparkijannjē
Instrum. infin. *sparkijannju
Indicative Present Past
1st singular *sparkiju *sparkidā
2nd singular *sparkisi *sparkidēs, *sparkidōs
3rd singular *sparkiþi *sparkidē, *sparkidā
1st plural *sparkijum *sparkidum
2nd plural *sparkiþ *sparkidud
3rd plural *sparkijanþ *sparkidun
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular *sparkijē *sparkidī
2nd singular *sparkijēs *sparkidī
3rd singular *sparkijē *sparkidī
1st plural *sparkijēm *sparkidīm
2nd plural *sparkijēþ *sparkidīd
3rd plural *sparkijēn *sparkidīn
Imperative Present
Singular *sparki
Plural *sparkiþ
Present Past
Participle *sparkijandī *sparkid

Descendants

  • Old English: spierċan
  • Old Saxon: *sperkian
    • ⇒? Middle Low German: sperkelen (alternatively from Proto-West Germanic *sparkilōn)
  • Old Dutch: *sperken
    • Middle Dutch: sperken
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