Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/spurnijan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *spurnijaną.

Verb

*spurnijan

  1. to spur; push; kick

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive *spurnijan
1st sg. past *spurnidā
Infinitive *spurnijan
Genitive infin. *spurnijannjas
Dative infin. *spurnijannjē
Instrum. infin. *spurnijannju
Indicative Present Past
1st singular *spurniju *spurnidā
2nd singular *spurnisi *spurnidēs, *spurnidōs
3rd singular *spurniþi *spurnidē, *spurnidā
1st plural *spurnijum *spurnidum
2nd plural *spurniþ *spurnidud
3rd plural *spurnijanþ *spurnidun
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular *spurnijē *spurnidī
2nd singular *spurnijēs *spurnidī
3rd singular *spurnijē *spurnidī
1st plural *spurnijēm *spurnidīm
2nd plural *spurnijēþ *spurnidīd
3rd plural *spurnijēn *spurnidīn
Imperative Present
Singular *spurni
Plural *spurniþ
Present Past
Participle *spurnijandī *spurnid

Descendants

  • Old English: spyrnan
  • Old Dutch: *spurnen
    • ⇒ Old Dutch: witherspurnen
  • Old High German: spurnen
    • Middle High German: spürnen
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