Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/tabulā

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin tabula.^[1]

Noun

*tabulā f

Declension

ōn-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*tabulā
Genitive	*tabulōn
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*tabulā	*tabulōn
Accusative	*tabulōn	*tabulōn
Genitive	*tabulōn	*tabulōnō
Dative	*tabulōn	tabulōm, tabulum
Instrumental	*tabulōn	tabulōm, tabulum

Alternative forms

*tablā

Descendants

Old English: tæfl, tabele, tabul, tablu, tabule, tabula
- Middle English: table, tabel, tabil, tabul, tabyl, tabyle, tabyll, tabulle, tabele, tabill (reinforced by Old French table)
  - English: table (see there for further descendants)
  - Geordie English: tyeble
  - Scots: table
  - → Welsh: tabl
Old Frisian: tefle, tafle, tafele, tevle, teule, tiōle
- North Frisian: tafel
- Saterland Frisian: Toafel
- West Frisian: tafel, taffel-
Old Saxon: *tavala, *tafla
- Middle Low German: tâfel, tâfele, taffle, tafle, taffel, taffele, tafle, tâvel, tavele
  - → Old Norse: tafl
    - → Danish: taffel
    - → Estonian: tahvel
    - → Norwegian: taffel
    - → Swedish: taffel
- ⇒ Old Saxon: wehsitafla
Old Dutch: tavala
- Middle Dutch: tâfele, tâvele, taffele, tâfel, tâvel, taffel
  - Dutch: tafel
    - Afrikaans: tafel (see there for further descendants)
    - Berbice Creole Dutch: tafl
    - Jersey Dutch: tâfel
    - Negerhollands: tafel, tavul, tawul, taul, taful, tavl, taefel
      - → Virgin Islands Creole: tavul (dated)
    - Skepi Creole Dutch: tafl
    - → Aukan: tafaa
    - → Saramaccan: táfu
    - → Sranan Tongo: tafra
      - → Lokono: tafolo
      - → Caribbean Hindustani: tafrá
      - → Caribbean Javanese: tafrah, taprah
      - → Kari'na: tapara
      - → Trió: tafra
  - Limburgish: taofel
Old High German: tafala, tavala, tabela, tabula
- Middle High German: tavel, tafel, tabele, tofel, davel, dafel
  - Cimbrian: tafl
  - Alemannic German: Taafele
  - German: Tafel
    - → Kashubian: tôfla
    - → Latvian: tāfele
    - → Swedish: tavla
  - Hunsrik: Daafel
  - Yiddish: טאָוול (tovl)

References

^ de Vries, Jan (1971) “tafel”, in Nederlands etymologisch woordenboek [Dutch etymological dictionary] (in Dutch), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN

[1] Vries, Jan (1971) “tafel”, in Nederlands etymologisch woordenboek [Dutch etymological dictionary] (in Dutch), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN

[1]