Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/wōlijan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Unclear, could be derived from *wōl (“disaster”) +‎ *-jan, or from the same root as *wellan (“to toss, turn”) with a different ablaut grade.

Verb

*wōlijan

  1. to toss, to turn
  2. to ruin, to destroy

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive *wōlijan
1st sg. past *wōlidā
Infinitive *wōlijan
Genitive infin. *wōlijannjas
Dative infin. *wōlijannjē
Instrum. infin. *wōlijannju
Indicative Present Past
1st singular *wōliju *wōlidā
2nd singular *wōlisi *wōlidēs, *wōlidōs
3rd singular *wōliþi *wōlidē, *wōlidā
1st plural *wōlijum *wōlidum
2nd plural *wōliþ *wōlidud
3rd plural *wōlijanþ *wōlidun
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular *wōlijē *wōlidī
2nd singular *wōlijēs *wōlidī
3rd singular *wōlijē *wōlidī
1st plural *wōlijēm *wōlidīm
2nd plural *wōlijēþ *wōlidīd
3rd plural *wōlijēn *wōlidīn
Imperative Present
Singular *wōli
Plural *wōliþ
Present Past
Participle *wōlijandī *wōlid

Descendants

  • Old Saxon: wōlian
  • Old Dutch: *wuolen
  • Old High German: wuolen
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