Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/wiþrōn

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From *wiþr (“toward, against”) +‎ *-ōn.

Verb

*wiþrōn

  1. to oppose
  2. to resist

Inflection

Class 2 weak
Infinitive *wiþrōn
1st sg. past *wiþrōdā
Infinitive *wiþrōn
Genitive infin. *wiþrōnijas
Dative infin. *wiþrōnijē
Instrum. infin. *wiþrōniju
Indicative Present Past
1st singular *wiþrō *wiþrōdā
2nd singular *wiþrōs *wiþrōdēs, *wiþrōdōs
3rd singular *wiþrōþ *wiþrōdē, *wiþrōdā
1st plural *wiþrōm *wiþrōdum
2nd plural *wiþrōþ *wiþrōdud
3rd plural *wiþrōnþ *wiþrōdun
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular *wiþrō *wiþrōdī
2nd singular *wiþrōs *wiþrōdī
3rd singular *wiþrō *wiþrōdī
1st plural *wiþrōm *wiþrōdīm
2nd plural *wiþrōþ *wiþrōdīd
3rd plural *wiþrōn *wiþrōdīn
Imperative Present
Singular *wiþrō
Plural *wiþrōþ
Present Past
Participle *wiþrōndī *wiþrōd

Descendants

  • Old English: wiþerian
    • Middle English: witheren
  • Old Saxon: *witharōn
    • Middle Low German: wedderen
  • Old Dutch: *witheron
    • Middle Dutch: wēderen
      • >? Dutch: weren (possibly merged with the descendant of *warjan (“to ward off”))
  • Old High German: widarōn
    • Middle High German: wideren, widern
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