Reconstruction:Proto-Yeniseian/baltok

This Proto-Yeniseian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Yeniseian

Alternative reconstructions

  • *tʲokʌ (per Vajda-Werner 2022, only for Ketic branch)
  • *tʲogə (per Werner 2002, only for Ketic branch)

Reconstruction notes

The phoneme *l, reconstructed like so by Fortescue-Vajda (2022), is not found in Native Yeniseian terms, which is indicative of a foreign borrowing.

Etymology

Borrowed from Old Turkic 𐽼𐽰𐾁𐾀𐽳 (pʾltw /⁠baltu⁠/, “axe”).

Noun

*baltok (plural *baltok-Vŋ)

  1. (weaponry) axe, battle-axe

Descendants

  • Ketic:
    • ⇒ Ket: төпк (toːpk), төк (tōˑk)
    • ⇒ Yug: чөк (čōk)
  • Kottic:
    • Assan: balō
    • Kott: baltʰu, báltō, baltu
  • Arinic:
    • Arin: baltó, baltok

Further reading

  • Fortescue, Michael, Vajda, Edward (2022) Mid-Holocene Language Connections between Asia and North America (Brill's Studies in the Indigenous Languages of the Americas; 17)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 274
  • Vajda, Edward, Werner, Heinrich (2022) “baltʰu”, in Comparative-Historical Yeniseian Dictionary (Languages of the World/Dictionaries; 79, 80), Muenchen: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN, pages 105-106
  • Werner, Heinrich (2002) Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der Jenissej-Sprachen, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, pages 283, 284
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