Reconstruction:Proto-Yeniseian/ejg

This Proto-Yeniseian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Yeniseian

Alternative reconstructions

  • *egə, *ʔeχV, *heχV (per Werner 2002)
  • *eg (per Khabtagaeva 2019)
  • *weg (per Fortescue-Vajda 2022)
  • *egʌ (per Vajda-Werner 2022)

Reconstruction notes

In regards to the Proto-Na-Dené comparison, there is no evidence to support the presence of a sibilant that could correspond to *-š- in Yeniseian languages.

Etymology

Compared to Proto-Na-Dene *weˑšg (“metal, metal implement”); Proto-Athabaskan *weːs̆ (“knife, metal”), Navajo béésh (“knife”) and Eyak weˑgš (“ulu, woman's scraper knife”).

Noun

*ejg (no plural)

  1. (metallurgy) iron, metal

Descendants

  • Ketic:
    • Imbak Ket: ɨg (Eed-Šeš dialect)
    • Imbak Ket: e, eg (“iron, steel”)
      • Ket: е (ē), ег (ēɣ), ега (ēɣa)
      • ⇒ Ket: атәп (àtəp, “tong, iron bolt”)
    • Ostyak Yug: ej
      • Yug: е (ē)
  • Proto-Ketic: *egpiˀn (“scoop”, literally “metal-ladle”)[1]
    • ⇒ Ket: егинь (eɣinʲ), егын (eɣɨnʲ)
    • ⇒ Yug: еифын (eifɨn)
  • Pumpokolic:
    • Pumpokol: ag (“steel”)
    • ⇒ Pumpokol: exat (“armor”)

References

  1. ^ Khabtagaeva, Bayarma (2019) Language Contact in Siberia: Turkic, Mongolic, and Tungusic Loanwords in Yeniseian (The languages of Asia series; 19)‎[1], Brill, →ISBN, page 365

Further reading

  • Fortescue, Michael, Vajda, Edward (2022) “128.) ~*wesg ~ *ejg”, in Mid-Holocene Language Connections between Asia and North America (Brill's Studies in the Indigenous Languages of the Americas; 17)‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 388
  • Vajda, Edward, Werner, Heinrich (2022) “*egʌ (2)”, in Comparative-Historical Yeniseian Dictionary (Languages of the World/Dictionaries; 79, 80), volume 1, Muenchen: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN, page 266
  • Werner, Heinrich (2002) “¹eˑ”, in Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der Jenissej-Sprachen, volume 1, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 271
  • Werner, Heinrich (2005) “iron”, in Die Jenissej-Sprachen des 18. Jahrhunderts, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 305
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