abhainn

Irish

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old Irish aub, from Proto-Celtic *abū (compare Welsh afon), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep- (“water”).[2] The form abhainn was originally the dative singular of abha, but is now widely used as the nominative as well.

Pronunciation

Noun

abhainn f (genitive singular abhann or aibhne, nominative plural aibhneacha or aibhne)

  1. river
    Níl aon abhainn san oileán.
    There’s no river on the island.
    Dá dtéiteá go Gaillimh inné, d’fhéadfá a dhul isteach an abhainn go réidh, mar nach raibh aon tsruth mór.
    If you had gone to Galway yesterday, you would have easily been able to go up the river, since there wasn’t a very strong current.
    Bhí an abhainn reoite.
    The river was frozen.
    bruach na haibhne ― the riverbank
    Bhí na haibhneacha uilig reoite.
    All the rivers were frozen.
    Dhá mbeadh an t-airgead againn, ghabhfadh muid do haibhneacha Chill Airne.
    If we had the money, we would go to the rivers of Killarney.

Declension

Standard
Declension of abhainn (fifth declension)
bare forms
singular plural
nominative abhainn aibhneacha
vocative a abhainn a aibhneacha
genitive abhann aibhneacha
dative abhainn aibhneacha
forms with the definite article
singular plural
nominative an abhainn na haibhneacha
genitive na habhann na n-aibhneacha
dative leis an abhainn
don abhainn 		leis na haibhneacha
Nonstandard
Declension of abhainn (second declension)
bare forms
singular plural
nominative abhainn aibhne
vocative a abhainn a aibhne
genitive aibhne aibhne
dative abhainn aibhne
forms with the definite article
singular plural
nominative an abhainn na haibhne
genitive na haibhne na n-aibhne
dative leis an abhainn
don abhainn 		leis na haibhne

Derived terms

  • abhantrach (“river basin”)
  • craobh-abhainn (“affluent, tributary”)
  • fo-abhainn (“affluent, tributary”)
  • tréig-abhainn (“distributary”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of abhainn
radical eclipsis with h-prothesis with t-prothesis
abhainn n-abhainn habhainn not applicable

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “aḃa”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 2
  2. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 ab”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  3. ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 195, page 98
  4. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 40, page 18

Further reading

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish aub, from Proto-Celtic *abū (compare Welsh afon), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep- (“water”). The form abhainn was originally the dative singular of abha, but is now widely used as the nominative/accusative as well.

Pronunciation

Noun

abhainn f (genitive singular aibhne, plural aibhnichean)

  1. river, stream

Mutation

Mutation of abhainn
radical eclipsis with h-prothesis with t-prothesis
abhainn n-abhainn h-abhainn t-abhainn

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

See also

References

  1. ^ Oftedal, M. (1956) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
  2. ^ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1937) The dialect of Barra in the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
  3. ^ Rev. C. M. Robertson (1902) “Skye Gaelic”, in Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness, Volume XXIII: 1898-99‎[1], Gaelic Society of Inverness, pages 54-88
  4. ^ Ternes, Elmar (1973) The phonemic analysis of Scottish Gaelic: based on the dialect of Applecross, Ross-shire, Hamburg: Helmut Buske
  5. ^ Roy Wentworth (2003) Gaelic Words and Phrases From Wester Ross / Faclan is Abairtean à Ros an Iar, Inverness: CLÀR, →ISBN
  6. ^ Roy Wentworth (2004) Rannsachadh air Fòn-eòlas Dualchainnt Ghàidhlig Gheàrrloch, Siorrachd Rois (Thesis)‎[2], Aberdeen: University of Aberdeen

Further reading

  • Edward Dwelly (1911) “abhainn”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎[3], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
  • Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 ab”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  • Cathair Ó Dochartaigh, editor (1994), Survey of the Gaelic Dialects of Scotland, volume II, Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, pages 4-7
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