Finnish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɑhdɑs/, [ˈɑ̝xdɑ̝s̠]
- Rhymes: -ɑhdɑs
- Syllabification(key): ah‧das
- Hyphenation(key): ah‧das
Etymology 1
From Proto-Finnic *ahtas, borrowed from Proto-Baltic *anśtas,[1] from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énǵʰus.
Adjective
ahdas (comparative ahtaampi, superlative ahtain)
- tight, narrow, cramped (such that it is difficult for something or someone to pass through it; uncomfortably restricted in size)
Kulkutie oli niin ahdas, että pääsimme hädin tuskin läpi.- The passageway was so tight we could barely get through.
Viisihenkinen perhe eli yhdessä ahtaassa huoneessa.- A family of five lived in one cramped room.
- tight (fitting too close to the body)
- Synonyms: kireä, pieni, kapea
- ahdas takki ― a tight coat
- narrow (of little extent)
- Synonyms: kapea, kaita
- cramped (overcrowded or congested)
- (figuratively) narrow, restrictive (of limited scope, bigoted)
- ahdas tulkinta ― a narrow interpretation
- ahdas näkökulma ― a narrow view
- (figuratively) cramped (uncomfortably restricted financially)
Olen ollut aika ahtaalla viime aikoina.- I have been quite cramped lately.
Declension
| Inflection of ahdas (Kotus type 41*F/vieras, t-d gradation)
|
| nominative
|
ahdas
|
ahtaat
|
| genitive
|
ahtaan
|
ahtaiden
ahtaitten
|
| partitive
|
ahdasta
|
ahtaita
|
| illative
|
ahtaaseen
|
ahtaisiin
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
ahdas
|
ahtaat
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
ahdas
|
ahtaat
|
| gen.
|
ahtaan
|
| genitive
|
ahtaan
|
ahtaiden
ahtaitten
ahdasten rare
|
| partitive
|
ahdasta
|
ahtaita
|
| inessive
|
ahtaassa
|
ahtaissa
|
| elative
|
ahtaasta
|
ahtaista
|
| illative
|
ahtaaseen
|
ahtaisiin
ahtaihin rare
|
| adessive
|
ahtaalla
|
ahtailla
|
| ablative
|
ahtaalta
|
ahtailta
|
| allative
|
ahtaalle
|
ahtaille
|
| essive
|
ahtaana
|
ahtaina
|
| translative
|
ahtaaksi
|
ahtaiksi
|
| abessive
|
ahtaatta
|
ahtaitta
|
| instructive
|
—
|
ahtain
|
| comitative
|
— |
ahtaine
|
| Rare. Only used with substantive adjectives.
|
| first-person singular possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
ahtaani
|
ahtaani
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
ahtaani
|
ahtaani
|
| gen.
|
ahtaani
|
| genitive
|
ahtaani
|
ahtaideni
ahtaitteni
ahdasteni rare
|
| partitive
|
ahdastani
|
ahtaitani
|
| inessive
|
ahtaassani
|
ahtaissani
|
| elative
|
ahtaastani
|
ahtaistani
|
| illative
|
ahtaaseeni
|
ahtaisiini
ahtaihini rare
|
| adessive
|
ahtaallani
|
ahtaillani
|
| ablative
|
ahtaaltani
|
ahtailtani
|
| allative
|
ahtaalleni
|
ahtailleni
|
| essive
|
ahtaanani
|
ahtainani
|
| translative
|
ahtaakseni
|
ahtaikseni
|
| abessive
|
ahtaattani
|
ahtaittani
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
ahtaineni
|
| second-person singular possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
ahtaasi
|
ahtaasi
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
ahtaasi
|
ahtaasi
|
| gen.
|
ahtaasi
|
| genitive
|
ahtaasi
|
ahtaidesi
ahtaittesi
ahdastesi rare
|
| partitive
|
ahdastasi
|
ahtaitasi
|
| inessive
|
ahtaassasi
|
ahtaissasi
|
| elative
|
ahtaastasi
|
ahtaistasi
|
| illative
|
ahtaaseesi
|
ahtaisiisi
ahtaihisi rare
|
| adessive
|
ahtaallasi
|
ahtaillasi
|
| ablative
|
ahtaaltasi
|
ahtailtasi
|
| allative
|
ahtaallesi
|
ahtaillesi
|
| essive
|
ahtaanasi
|
ahtainasi
|
| translative
|
ahtaaksesi
|
ahtaiksesi
|
| abessive
|
ahtaattasi
|
ahtaittasi
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
ahtainesi
|
| first-person plural possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
ahtaamme
|
ahtaamme
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
ahtaamme
|
ahtaamme
|
| gen.
|
ahtaamme
|
| genitive
|
ahtaamme
|
ahtaidemme
ahtaittemme
ahdastemme rare
|
| partitive
|
ahdastamme
|
ahtaitamme
|
| inessive
|
ahtaassamme
|
ahtaissamme
|
| elative
|
ahtaastamme
|
ahtaistamme
|
| illative
|
ahtaaseemme
|
ahtaisiimme
ahtaihimme rare
|
| adessive
|
ahtaallamme
|
ahtaillamme
|
| ablative
|
ahtaaltamme
|
ahtailtamme
|
| allative
|
ahtaallemme
|
ahtaillemme
|
| essive
|
ahtaanamme
|
ahtainamme
|
| translative
|
ahtaaksemme
|
ahtaiksemme
|
| abessive
|
ahtaattamme
|
ahtaittamme
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
ahtainemme
|
| second-person plural possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
ahtaanne
|
ahtaanne
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
ahtaanne
|
ahtaanne
|
| gen.
|
ahtaanne
|
| genitive
|
ahtaanne
|
ahtaidenne
ahtaittenne
ahdastenne rare
|
| partitive
|
ahdastanne
|
ahtaitanne
|
| inessive
|
ahtaassanne
|
ahtaissanne
|
| elative
|
ahtaastanne
|
ahtaistanne
|
| illative
|
ahtaaseenne
|
ahtaisiinne
ahtaihinne rare
|
| adessive
|
ahtaallanne
|
ahtaillanne
|
| ablative
|
ahtaaltanne
|
ahtailtanne
|
| allative
|
ahtaallenne
|
ahtaillenne
|
| essive
|
ahtaananne
|
ahtainanne
|
| translative
|
ahtaaksenne
|
ahtaiksenne
|
| abessive
|
ahtaattanne
|
ahtaittanne
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
ahtainenne
|
| third-person possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
ahtaansa
|
ahtaansa
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
ahtaansa
|
ahtaansa
|
| gen.
|
ahtaansa
|
| genitive
|
ahtaansa
|
ahtaidensa
ahtaittensa
ahdastensa rare
|
| partitive
|
ahdastaan
ahdastansa
|
ahtaitaan
ahtaitansa
|
| inessive
|
ahtaassaan
ahtaassansa
|
ahtaissaan
ahtaissansa
|
| elative
|
ahtaastaan
ahtaastansa
|
ahtaistaan
ahtaistansa
|
| illative
|
ahtaaseensa
|
ahtaisiinsa
ahtaihinsa rare
|
| adessive
|
ahtaallaan
ahtaallansa
|
ahtaillaan
ahtaillansa
|
| ablative
|
ahtaaltaan
ahtaaltansa
|
ahtailtaan
ahtailtansa
|
| allative
|
ahtaalleen
ahtaallensa
|
ahtailleen
ahtaillensa
|
| essive
|
ahtaanaan
ahtaanansa
|
ahtainaan
ahtainansa
|
| translative
|
ahtaakseen
ahtaaksensa
|
ahtaikseen
ahtaiksensa
|
| abessive
|
ahtaattaan
ahtaattansa
|
ahtaittaan
ahtaittansa
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
ahtaineen
ahtainensa
|
|
Derived terms
Further reading
Etymology 2
Verb
ahdas
- second-person singular present imperative of ahtaa (with enclitic -s)
References
- ^ Junttila, Santeri, Kallio, Petri, Holopainen, Sampsa, Kuokkala, Juha, Pystynen, Juho, editors (2020–), “ahdas”, in Suomen vanhimman sanaston etymologinen verkkosanakirja[1] (in Finnish), retrieved 1 January 2024