ahlula
Phuthi
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb
-áhlúla
- to judge
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Xhosa
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb
-áhlúla
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Zulu
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb
-ahlula?
Inflection
| positive | negative | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | ukwahlula | ukungahluli | ||||
| imperative | ||||||
| simple | + object concord | |||||
| singular | yahlula | -ahlule | ||||
| plural | yahlulani | -ahluleni | ||||
| present | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyahlula, ngahlula | engahlulayo, engahlula | ngahlula | angahluli | engingahluli | ngingahluli |
| 2nd singular | uyahlula, wahlula | owahlulayo, owahlula | wahlula | awahluli | ongahluli | ungahluli |
| 1st plural | siyahlula, sahlula | esahlulayo, esahlula | sahlula | asahluli | esingahluli | singahluli |
| 2nd plural | niyahlula, nahlula | enahlulayo, enahlula | nahlula | anahluli | eningahluli | ningahluli |
| class 1 | uyahlula, wahlula | owahlulayo, owahlula | ahlula | akahluli | ongahluli | engahluli |
| class 2 | bayahlula, bahlula | abahlulayo, abahlula | bahlula | abahluli | abangahluli | bengahluli |
| class 3 | uyahlula, wahlula | owahlulayo, owahlula | wahlula | awahluli | ongahluli | ungahluli |
| class 4 | iyahlula, yahlula | eyahlulayo, eyahlula | yahlula | ayahluli | engahluli | ingahluli |
| class 5 | liyahlula, lahlula | elahlulayo, elahlula | lahlula | alahluli | elingahluli | lingahluli |
| class 6 | ayahlula, ahlula | ahlulayo, ahlula | ahlula | awahluli | angahluli | engahluli |
| class 7 | siyahlula, sahlula | esahlulayo, esahlula | sahlula | asahluli | esingahluli | singahluli |
| class 8 | ziyahlula, zahlula | ezahlulayo, ezahlula | zahlula | azahluli | ezingahluli | zingahluli |
| class 9 | iyahlula, yahlula | eyahlulayo, eyahlula | yahlula | ayahluli | engahluli | ingahluli |
| class 10 | ziyahlula, zahlula | ezahlulayo, ezahlula | zahlula | azahluli | ezingahluli | zingahluli |
| class 11 | luyahlula, lwahlula | olwahlulayo, olwahlula | lwahlula | alwahluli | olungahluli | lungahluli |
| class 14 | buyahlula, bahlula | obahlulayo, obahlula | bahlula | abahluli | obungahluli | bungahluli |
| class 15 | kuyahlula, kwahlula | okwahlulayo, okwahlula | kwahlula | akwahluli | okungahluli | kungahluli |
| class 17 | kuyahlula, kwahlula | okwahlulayo, okwahlula | kwahlula | akwahluli | okungahluli | kungahluli |
| recent past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngahlulile, ngahlulē | engahlulile, engahlulē | ngahlulile, ngahlulē | angahlulanga | engingahlulanga | ngingahlulanga |
| 2nd singular | wahlulile, wahlulē | owahlulile, owahlulē | wahlulile, wahlulē | awahlulanga | ongahlulanga | ungahlulanga |
| 1st plural | sahlulile, sahlulē | esahlulile, esahlulē | sahlulile, sahlulē | asahlulanga | esingahlulanga | singahlulanga |
| 2nd plural | nahlulile, nahlulē | enahlulile, enahlulē | nahlulile, nahlulē | anahlulanga | eningahlulanga | ningahlulanga |
| class 1 | wahlulile, wahlulē | owahlulile, owahlulē | ahlulile, ahlulē | akahlulanga | ongahlulanga | engahlulanga |
| class 2 | bahlulile, bahlulē | abahlulile, abahlulē | bahlulile, bahlulē | abahlulanga | abangahlulanga | bengahlulanga |
| class 3 | wahlulile, wahlulē | owahlulile, owahlulē | wahlulile, wahlulē | awahlulanga | ongahlulanga | ungahlulanga |
| class 4 | yahlulile, yahlulē | eyahlulile, eyahlulē | yahlulile, yahlulē | ayahlulanga | engahlulanga | ingahlulanga |
| class 5 | lahlulile, lahlulē | elahlulile, elahlulē | lahlulile, lahlulē | alahlulanga | elingahlulanga | lingahlulanga |
| class 6 | ahlulile, ahlulē | ahlulile, ahlulē | ahlulile, ahlulē | awahlulanga | angahlulanga | engahlulanga |
| class 7 | sahlulile, sahlulē | esahlulile, esahlulē | sahlulile, sahlulē | asahlulanga | esingahlulanga | singahlulanga |
| class 8 | zahlulile, zahlulē | ezahlulile, ezahlulē | zahlulile, zahlulē | azahlulanga | ezingahlulanga | zingahlulanga |
| class 9 | yahlulile, yahlulē | eyahlulile, eyahlulē | yahlulile, yahlulē | ayahlulanga | engahlulanga | ingahlulanga |
| class 10 | zahlulile, zahlulē | ezahlulile, ezahlulē | zahlulile, zahlulē | azahlulanga | ezingahlulanga | zingahlulanga |
| class 11 | lwahlulile, lwahlulē | olwahlulile, olwahlulē | lwahlulile, lwahlulē | alwahlulanga | olungahlulanga | lungahlulanga |
| class 14 | bahlulile, bahlulē | obahlulile, obahlulē | bahlulile, bahlulē | abahlulanga | obungahlulanga | bungahlulanga |
| class 15 | kwahlulile, kwahlulē | okwahlulile, okwahlulē | kwahlulile, kwahlulē | akwahlulanga | okungahlulanga | kungahlulanga |
| class 17 | kwahlulile, kwahlulē | okwahlulile, okwahlulē | kwahlulile, kwahlulē | akwahlulanga | okungahlulanga | kungahlulanga |
| remote past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngāhlula | engāhlula | ngāhlula | angahlulanga | engingahlulanga | ngingahlulanga |
| 2nd singular | wāhlula | owāhlula | wāhlula | awahlulanga | ongahlulanga | ungahlulanga |
| 1st plural | sāhlula | esāhlula | sāhlula | asahlulanga | esingahlulanga | singahlulanga |
| 2nd plural | nāhlula | enāhlula | nāhlula | anahlulanga | eningahlulanga | ningahlulanga |
| class 1 | wāhlula | owāhlula | āhlula | akahlulanga | ongahlulanga | engahlulanga |
| class 2 | bāhlula | abāhlula | bāhlula | abahlulanga | abangahlulanga | bengahlulanga |
| class 3 | wāhlula | owāhlula | wāhlula | awahlulanga | ongahlulanga | ungahlulanga |
| class 4 | yāhlula | eyāhlula | yāhlula | ayahlulanga | engahlulanga | ingahlulanga |
| class 5 | lāhlula | elāhlula | lāhlula | alahlulanga | elingahlulanga | lingahlulanga |
| class 6 | āhlula | āhlula | āhlula | awahlulanga | angahlulanga | engahlulanga |
| class 7 | sāhlula | esāhlula | sāhlula | asahlulanga | esingahlulanga | singahlulanga |
| class 8 | zāhlula | ezāhlula | zāhlula | azahlulanga | ezingahlulanga | zingahlulanga |
| class 9 | yāhlula | eyāhlula | yāhlula | ayahlulanga | engahlulanga | ingahlulanga |
| class 10 | zāhlula | ezāhlula | zāhlula | azahlulanga | ezingahlulanga | zingahlulanga |
| class 11 | lwāhlula | olwāhlula | lwāhlula | alwahlulanga | olungahlulanga | lungahlulanga |
| class 14 | bāhlula | obāhlula | bāhlula | abahlulanga | obungahlulanga | bungahlulanga |
| class 15 | kwāhlula | okwāhlula | kwāhlula | akwahlulanga | okungahlulanga | kungahlulanga |
| class 17 | kwāhlula | okwāhlula | kwāhlula | akwahlulanga | okungahlulanga | kungahlulanga |
| potential | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngingahlula | — | ngingahlula | ngingahlule | — | ngingahlule |
| 2nd singular | ungahlula | — | ungahlula | ungahlule | — | ungahlule |
| 1st plural | singahlula | — | singahlula | singahlule | — | singahlule |
| 2nd plural | ningahlula | — | ningahlula | ningahlule | — | ningahlule |
| class 1 | angahlula | — | engahlula | angahlule | — | engahlule |
| class 2 | bangahlula | — | bengahlula | bangahlule | — | bengahlule |
| class 3 | ungahlula | — | ungahlula | ungahlule | — | ungahlule |
| class 4 | ingahlula | — | ingahlula | ingahlule | — | ingahlule |
| class 5 | lingahlula | — | lingahlula | lingahlule | — | lingahlule |
| class 6 | angahlula | — | engahlula | angahlule | — | engahlule |
| class 7 | singahlula | — | singahlula | singahlule | — | singahlule |
| class 8 | zingahlula | — | zingahlula | zingahlule | — | zingahlule |
| class 9 | ingahlula | — | ingahlula | ingahlule | — | ingahlule |
| class 10 | zingahlula | — | zingahlula | zingahlule | — | zingahlule |
| class 11 | lungahlula | — | lungahlula | lungahlule | — | lungahlule |
| class 14 | bungahlula | — | bungahlula | bungahlule | — | bungahlule |
| class 15 | kungahlula | — | kungahlula | kungahlule | — | kungahlule |
| class 17 | kungahlula | — | kungahlula | kungahlule | — | kungahlule |
| immediate future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngizokwahlula | engizokwahlula | ngizokwahlula | angizukwahlula | engingezukwahlula | ngingezukwahlula |
| 2nd singular | uzokwahlula | ozokwahlula | uzokwahlula | awuzukwahlula | ongezukwahlula | ungezukwahlula |
| 1st plural | sizokwahlula | esizokwahlula | sizokwahlula | asizukwahlula | esingezukwahlula | singezukwahlula |
| 2nd plural | nizokwahlula | enizokwahlula | nizokwahlula | anizukwahlula | eningezukwahlula | ningezukwahlula |
| class 1 | uzokwahlula | ozokwahlula | ezokwahlula | akazukwahlula | ongezukwahlula | engezukwahlula |
| class 2 | bazokwahlula | abazokwahlula | bezokwahlula | abazukwahlula | abangezukwahlula | bengezukwahlula |
| class 3 | uzokwahlula | ozokwahlula | uzokwahlula | awuzukwahlula | ongezukwahlula | ungezukwahlula |
| class 4 | izokwahlula | ezokwahlula | izokwahlula | ayizukwahlula | engezukwahlula | ingezukwahlula |
| class 5 | lizokwahlula | elizokwahlula | lizokwahlula | alizukwahlula | elingezukwahlula | lingezukwahlula |
| class 6 | azokwahlula | azokwahlula | ezokwahlula | awazukwahlula | angezukwahlula | engezukwahlula |
| class 7 | sizokwahlula | esizokwahlula | sizokwahlula | asizukwahlula | esingezukwahlula | singezukwahlula |
| class 8 | zizokwahlula | ezizokwahlula | zizokwahlula | azizukwahlula | ezingezukwahlula | zingezukwahlula |
| class 9 | izokwahlula | ezokwahlula | izokwahlula | ayizukwahlula | engezukwahlula | ingezukwahlula |
| class 10 | zizokwahlula | ezizokwahlula | zizokwahlula | azizukwahlula | ezingezukwahlula | zingezukwahlula |
| class 11 | luzokwahlula | oluzokwahlula | luzokwahlula | aluzukwahlula | olungezukwahlula | lungezukwahlula |
| class 14 | buzokwahlula | obuzokwahlula | buzokwahlula | abuzukwahlula | obungezukwahlula | bungezukwahlula |
| class 15 | kuzokwahlula | okuzokwahlula | kuzokwahlula | akuzukwahlula | okungezukwahlula | kungezukwahlula |
| class 17 | kuzokwahlula | okuzokwahlula | kuzokwahlula | akuzukwahlula | okungezukwahlula | kungezukwahlula |
| remote future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyokwahlula | engiyokwahlula | ngiyokwahlula | angiyukwahlula | engingeyukwahlula | ngingeyukwahlula |
| 2nd singular | uyokwahlula | oyokwahlula | uyokwahlula | awuyukwahlula | ongeyukwahlula | ungeyukwahlula |
| 1st plural | siyokwahlula | esiyokwahlula | siyokwahlula | asiyukwahlula | esingeyukwahlula | singeyukwahlula |
| 2nd plural | niyokwahlula | eniyokwahlula | niyokwahlula | aniyukwahlula | eningeyukwahlula | ningeyukwahlula |
| class 1 | uyokwahlula | oyokwahlula | eyokwahlula | akayukwahlula | ongeyukwahlula | engeyukwahlula |
| class 2 | bayokwahlula | abayokwahlula | beyokwahlula | abayukwahlula | abangeyukwahlula | bengeyukwahlula |
| class 3 | uyokwahlula | oyokwahlula | uyokwahlula | awuyukwahlula | ongeyukwahlula | ungeyukwahlula |
| class 4 | iyokwahlula | eyokwahlula | iyokwahlula | ayiyukwahlula | engeyukwahlula | ingeyukwahlula |
| class 5 | liyokwahlula | eliyokwahlula | liyokwahlula | aliyukwahlula | elingeyukwahlula | lingeyukwahlula |
| class 6 | ayokwahlula | ayokwahlula | eyokwahlula | awayukwahlula | angeyukwahlula | engeyukwahlula |
| class 7 | siyokwahlula | esiyokwahlula | siyokwahlula | asiyukwahlula | esingeyukwahlula | singeyukwahlula |
| class 8 | ziyokwahlula | eziyokwahlula | ziyokwahlula | aziyukwahlula | ezingeyukwahlula | zingeyukwahlula |
| class 9 | iyokwahlula | eyokwahlula | iyokwahlula | ayiyukwahlula | engeyukwahlula | ingeyukwahlula |
| class 10 | ziyokwahlula | eziyokwahlula | ziyokwahlula | aziyukwahlula | ezingeyukwahlula | zingeyukwahlula |
| class 11 | luyokwahlula | oluyokwahlula | luyokwahlula | aluyukwahlula | olungeyukwahlula | lungeyukwahlula |
| class 14 | buyokwahlula | obuyokwahlula | buyokwahlula | abuyukwahlula | obungeyukwahlula | bungeyukwahlula |
| class 15 | kuyokwahlula | okuyokwahlula | kuyokwahlula | akuyukwahlula | okungeyukwahlula | kungeyukwahlula |
| class 17 | kuyokwahlula | okuyokwahlula | kuyokwahlula | akuyukwahlula | okungeyukwahlula | kungeyukwahlula |
| present subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngahlule | ngingahluli | ||||
| 2nd singular | wahlule | ungahluli | ||||
| 1st plural | sahlule | singahluli | ||||
| 2nd plural | nahlule | ningahluli | ||||
| class 1 | ahlule | angahluli | ||||
| class 2 | bahlule | bangahluli | ||||
| class 3 | wahlule | ungahluli | ||||
| class 4 | yahlule | ingahluli | ||||
| class 5 | lahlule | lingahluli | ||||
| class 6 | ahlule | angahluli | ||||
| class 7 | sahlule | singahluli | ||||
| class 8 | zahlule | zingahluli | ||||
| class 9 | yahlule | ingahluli | ||||
| class 10 | zahlule | zingahluli | ||||
| class 11 | lwahlule | lungahluli | ||||
| class 14 | bahlule | bungahluli | ||||
| class 15 | kwahlule | kungahluli | ||||
| class 17 | kwahlule | kungahluli | ||||
| past subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngahlula | ngangahlula, angahlula, angangahlula | ||||
| 2nd singular | wahlula | wangahlula, awahlula, awangahlula | ||||
| 1st plural | sahlula | sangahlula, asahlula, asangahlula | ||||
| 2nd plural | nahlula | nangahlula, anahlula, anangahlula | ||||
| class 1 | wahlula | wangahlula, akahlula, akangahlula | ||||
| class 2 | bahlula | bangahlula, abahlula, abangahlula | ||||
| class 3 | wahlula | wangahlula, awahlula, awangahlula | ||||
| class 4 | yahlula | yangahlula, ayahlula, ayangahlula | ||||
| class 5 | lahlula | langahlula, alahlula, alangahlula | ||||
| class 6 | ahlula | angahlula, awahlula, awangahlula | ||||
| class 7 | sahlula | sangahlula, asahlula, asangahlula | ||||
| class 8 | zahlula | zangahlula, azahlula, azangahlula | ||||
| class 9 | yahlula | yangahlula, ayahlula, ayangahlula | ||||
| class 10 | zahlula | zangahlula, azahlula, azangahlula | ||||
| class 11 | lwahlula | lwangahlula, alwahlula, alwangahlula | ||||
| class 14 | bahlula | bangahlula, abahlula, abangahlula | ||||
| class 15 | kwahlula | kwangahlula, akwahlula, akwangahlula | ||||
| class 17 | kwahlula | kwangahlula, akwahlula, akwangahlula | ||||
Derived terms
- -ahlulela (applicative)
- -ahlulisa (causative)
- -ahluleka (neuter-passive)
- -ahlulwa (passive)
- -ahlulana (reciprocal)
References
- C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “ahlula”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “ahlula (3.2.9)”