arafu

Welsh

Etymology

From araf (“slow”) +‎ -u.

Pronunciation

Verb

arafu (first-person singular present arafaf)

  1. (ambitransitive) to slow down, decelerate
    Antonym: cyflymu

Conjugation

Conjugation (literary)
singular plural impersonal
first second third first second third
present indicative/future arafiaf arefi arafi, arafia arafiwn arefiwch, arafiwch arafiant arefir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/conditional arafiwn arefit arafiai arafiem arafiech arafient arefid
preterite arefiais arefiaist arafiodd arafiasom arafiasoch arafiasant arafiwyd
pluperfect arafiaswn arafiasit arafiasai arafiasem arafiasech arafiasent arafiasid, arafiesid
present subjunctive arafiwyf arefiech arafio arafiom arafioch arafiont arafier
imperative — arafi, arafia arafied arafiwn arefiwch, arafiwch arafient arafier
verbal noun
verbal adjectives arafiedig
arafiadwy
Conjugation (colloquial)
inflected
colloquial forms 		singular plural
first second third first second third
future arafa i,
arafaf i 		arafi di arafith o/e/hi,
arafiff e/hi 		arafwn ni arafwch chi arafan nhw
conditional arafwn i,
arafswn i 		arafet ti,
arafset ti 		arafai fo/fe/hi,
arafsai fo/fe/hi 		arafen ni,
arafsen ni 		arafech chi,
arafsech chi 		arafen nhw,
arafsen nhw
preterite arafais i,
arafes i 		arafaist ti,
arafest ti 		arafodd o/e/hi arafon ni arafoch chi arafon nhw
imperative — arafa — — arafwch —

Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Derived terms

  • arafiad (“deceleration”)
  • arafwr, arafydd (“decelerator”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of arafu
radical soft nasal h-prothesis
arafu unchanged unchanged harafu

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “arafu”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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