ardíben

Old Irish

Etymology

From ar- +‎ dí- +‎ benaid (“to strike”).

Verb

ar·díben (prototonic ·airdben, verbal noun airdbe)

to destroy, slay, slaughter
- c. 700–800 Táin Bó Cúailnge, from the Yellow Book of Lecan, published in The Táin Bó Cúailnge from the Yellow Book of Lecan, with variant readings from the Lebor na hUidre (1912, Dublin: Hodges, Figgis, and Co.), edited by John Strachan and James George O'Keeffe, TBC-YBL 1089
  Ar·díbi firu i n(i)-áthu […]
  He will slay men in fords […]
- c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 30^a4
  .i. ni·airdben ― glosses Latin non interimit (“it does not destroy”)

Inflection

Complex, class B IV present, i future
		active						passive
		singular			plural			singular	plural
		1^st	2^nd	3^rd	1^st	2^nd	3^rd	singular	plural
present indicative	deut.
present indicative	prot.			·airdben				·airdbenar

imperfect indicative	deut.
imperfect indicative	prot.

preterite	deut.
preterite	prot.

perfect	deut.
perfect	prot.

future	deut.			ar·díbi
future	prot.

conditional	deut.
conditional	prot.

present subjunctive	deut.
present subjunctive	prot.

past subjunctive	deut.
past subjunctive	prot.

imperative

verbal noun		airdbe
past participle		airdbide
verbal of necessity

Mutation

Mutation of *ar·díben*
radical	lenition	nasalization
ar·díben	ar·díben pronounced with /ðʲ-/	ar·ndíben

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “ar-díben”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language