barbarismus

Latin

Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek βαρβᾰρισμός (barbărismós), equivalent to barbarus +‎ -ismus, originally referring to a feature of non-native, 'barbarian' speech. First attested in the Rhetorica ad Herennium.

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [bar.baˈrɪs.mʊs]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [bar.baˈriz.mus]

Noun

barbarismus m (genitive barbarismī); second declension

(grammar, rhetoric) a barbarism (a widespread violation of standard Latin morphophonology lacking written authority)
Synonym: (verbum) dissonāns

Hypernym: vitium (sermōnis)

Coordinate terms: metaplasmus, soloecismus, barbarolexis, cacosyntheton

Declension

Second-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	barbarismus	barbarismī
genitive	barbarismī	barbarismōrum
dative	barbarismō	barbarismīs
accusative	barbarismum	barbarismōs
ablative	barbarismō	barbarismīs
vocative	barbarisme	barbarismī

Descendants

→ English: barbarism
→ German: Barbarismus
→ French: barbarisme
→ Italian: barbarismo
→ Portuguese: barbarismo
→ Romanian: barbarism
→ Spanish: barbarismo

References

“barbarismus” in the Thesaurus Linguae Latinae (TLL Open Access), Berlin (formerly Leipzig): De Gruyter (formerly Teubner), 1900–present

Further reading

“barbarismus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
"barbarismus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
barbarismus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.