bhala
Northern Ndebele
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb
-bhala
- to write
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Southern Ndebele
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb
-bhâla
- to write
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Swazi
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb
-bhála
- to write
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Xhosa
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb
-bhâla
- to write
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Zulu
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb
-bhâla
- to write
Inflection
| positive | negative | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | ukubhala | ukungabhali | ||||
| imperative | ||||||
| simple | + object concord | |||||
| singular | bhala | -bhale | ||||
| plural | bhalani | -bhaleni | ||||
| present | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyabhala, ngibhala | engibhalayo, engibhala | ngibhala | angibhali | engingabhali | ngingabhali |
| 2nd singular | uyabhala, ubhala | obhalayo, obhala | ubhala | awubhali | ongabhali | ungabhali |
| 1st plural | siyabhala, sibhala | esibhalayo, esibhala | sibhala | asibhali | esingabhali | singabhali |
| 2nd plural | niyabhala, nibhala | enibhalayo, enibhala | nibhala | anibhali | eningabhali | ningabhali |
| class 1 | uyabhala, ubhala | obhalayo, obhala | ebhala | akabhali | ongabhali | engabhali |
| class 2 | bayabhala, babhala | ababhalayo, ababhala | bebhala | ababhali | abangabhali | bengabhali |
| class 3 | uyabhala, ubhala | obhalayo, obhala | ubhala | awubhali | ongabhali | ungabhali |
| class 4 | iyabhala, ibhala | ebhalayo, ebhala | ibhala | ayibhali | engabhali | ingabhali |
| class 5 | liyabhala, libhala | elibhalayo, elibhala | libhala | alibhali | elingabhali | lingabhali |
| class 6 | ayabhala, abhala | abhalayo, abhala | ebhala | awabhali | angabhali | engabhali |
| class 7 | siyabhala, sibhala | esibhalayo, esibhala | sibhala | asibhali | esingabhali | singabhali |
| class 8 | ziyabhala, zibhala | ezibhalayo, ezibhala | zibhala | azibhali | ezingabhali | zingabhali |
| class 9 | iyabhala, ibhala | ebhalayo, ebhala | ibhala | ayibhali | engabhali | ingabhali |
| class 10 | ziyabhala, zibhala | ezibhalayo, ezibhala | zibhala | azibhali | ezingabhali | zingabhali |
| class 11 | luyabhala, lubhala | olubhalayo, olubhala | lubhala | alubhali | olungabhali | lungabhali |
| class 14 | buyabhala, bubhala | obubhalayo, obubhala | bubhala | abubhali | obungabhali | bungabhali |
| class 15 | kuyabhala, kubhala | okubhalayo, okubhala | kubhala | akubhali | okungabhali | kungabhali |
| class 17 | kuyabhala, kubhala | okubhalayo, okubhala | kubhala | akubhali | okungabhali | kungabhali |
| recent past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngibhalile, ngibhalē | engibhalile, engibhalē | ngibhalile, ngibhalē | angibhalanga | engingabhalanga | ngingabhalanga |
| 2nd singular | ubhalile, ubhalē | obhalile, obhalē | ubhalile, ubhalē | awubhalanga | ongabhalanga | ungabhalanga |
| 1st plural | sibhalile, sibhalē | esibhalile, esibhalē | sibhalile, sibhalē | asibhalanga | esingabhalanga | singabhalanga |
| 2nd plural | nibhalile, nibhalē | enibhalile, enibhalē | nibhalile, nibhalē | anibhalanga | eningabhalanga | ningabhalanga |
| class 1 | ubhalile, ubhalē | obhalile, obhalē | ebhalile, ebhalē | akabhalanga | ongabhalanga | engabhalanga |
| class 2 | babhalile, babhalē | ababhalile, ababhalē | bebhalile, bebhalē | ababhalanga | abangabhalanga | bengabhalanga |
| class 3 | ubhalile, ubhalē | obhalile, obhalē | ubhalile, ubhalē | awubhalanga | ongabhalanga | ungabhalanga |
| class 4 | ibhalile, ibhalē | ebhalile, ebhalē | ibhalile, ibhalē | ayibhalanga | engabhalanga | ingabhalanga |
| class 5 | libhalile, libhalē | elibhalile, elibhalē | libhalile, libhalē | alibhalanga | elingabhalanga | lingabhalanga |
| class 6 | abhalile, abhalē | abhalile, abhalē | ebhalile, ebhalē | awabhalanga | angabhalanga | engabhalanga |
| class 7 | sibhalile, sibhalē | esibhalile, esibhalē | sibhalile, sibhalē | asibhalanga | esingabhalanga | singabhalanga |
| class 8 | zibhalile, zibhalē | ezibhalile, ezibhalē | zibhalile, zibhalē | azibhalanga | ezingabhalanga | zingabhalanga |
| class 9 | ibhalile, ibhalē | ebhalile, ebhalē | ibhalile, ibhalē | ayibhalanga | engabhalanga | ingabhalanga |
| class 10 | zibhalile, zibhalē | ezibhalile, ezibhalē | zibhalile, zibhalē | azibhalanga | ezingabhalanga | zingabhalanga |
| class 11 | lubhalile, lubhalē | olubhalile, olubhalē | lubhalile, lubhalē | alubhalanga | olungabhalanga | lungabhalanga |
| class 14 | bubhalile, bubhalē | obubhalile, obubhalē | bubhalile, bubhalē | abubhalanga | obungabhalanga | bungabhalanga |
| class 15 | kubhalile, kubhalē | okubhalile, okubhalē | kubhalile, kubhalē | akubhalanga | okungabhalanga | kungabhalanga |
| class 17 | kubhalile, kubhalē | okubhalile, okubhalē | kubhalile, kubhalē | akubhalanga | okungabhalanga | kungabhalanga |
| remote past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngābhala | engābhala | ngābhala | angibhalanga | engingabhalanga | ngingabhalanga |
| 2nd singular | wābhala | owābhala | wābhala | awubhalanga | ongabhalanga | ungabhalanga |
| 1st plural | sābhala | esābhala | sābhala | asibhalanga | esingabhalanga | singabhalanga |
| 2nd plural | nābhala | enābhala | nābhala | anibhalanga | eningabhalanga | ningabhalanga |
| class 1 | wābhala | owābhala | ābhala | akabhalanga | ongabhalanga | engabhalanga |
| class 2 | bābhala | abābhala | bābhala | ababhalanga | abangabhalanga | bengabhalanga |
| class 3 | wābhala | owābhala | wābhala | awubhalanga | ongabhalanga | ungabhalanga |
| class 4 | yābhala | eyābhala | yābhala | ayibhalanga | engabhalanga | ingabhalanga |
| class 5 | lābhala | elābhala | lābhala | alibhalanga | elingabhalanga | lingabhalanga |
| class 6 | ābhala | ābhala | ābhala | awabhalanga | angabhalanga | engabhalanga |
| class 7 | sābhala | esābhala | sābhala | asibhalanga | esingabhalanga | singabhalanga |
| class 8 | zābhala | ezābhala | zābhala | azibhalanga | ezingabhalanga | zingabhalanga |
| class 9 | yābhala | eyābhala | yābhala | ayibhalanga | engabhalanga | ingabhalanga |
| class 10 | zābhala | ezābhala | zābhala | azibhalanga | ezingabhalanga | zingabhalanga |
| class 11 | lwābhala | olwābhala | lwābhala | alubhalanga | olungabhalanga | lungabhalanga |
| class 14 | bābhala | obābhala | bābhala | abubhalanga | obungabhalanga | bungabhalanga |
| class 15 | kwābhala | okwābhala | kwābhala | akubhalanga | okungabhalanga | kungabhalanga |
| class 17 | kwābhala | okwābhala | kwābhala | akubhalanga | okungabhalanga | kungabhalanga |
| potential | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngingabhala | — | ngingabhala | ngingebhale | — | ngingebhale |
| 2nd singular | ungabhala | — | ungabhala | ungebhale | — | ungebhale |
| 1st plural | singabhala | — | singabhala | singebhale | — | singebhale |
| 2nd plural | ningabhala | — | ningabhala | ningebhale | — | ningebhale |
| class 1 | angabhala | — | engabhala | angebhale | — | engebhale |
| class 2 | bangabhala | — | bengabhala | bangebhale | — | bengebhale |
| class 3 | ungabhala | — | ungabhala | ungebhale | — | ungebhale |
| class 4 | ingabhala | — | ingabhala | ingebhale | — | ingebhale |
| class 5 | lingabhala | — | lingabhala | lingebhale | — | lingebhale |
| class 6 | angabhala | — | engabhala | angebhale | — | engebhale |
| class 7 | singabhala | — | singabhala | singebhale | — | singebhale |
| class 8 | zingabhala | — | zingabhala | zingebhale | — | zingebhale |
| class 9 | ingabhala | — | ingabhala | ingebhale | — | ingebhale |
| class 10 | zingabhala | — | zingabhala | zingebhale | — | zingebhale |
| class 11 | lungabhala | — | lungabhala | lungebhale | — | lungebhale |
| class 14 | bungabhala | — | bungabhala | bungebhale | — | bungebhale |
| class 15 | kungabhala | — | kungabhala | kungebhale | — | kungebhale |
| class 17 | kungabhala | — | kungabhala | kungebhale | — | kungebhale |
| immediate future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngizobhala | engizobhala | ngizobhala | angizubhala | engingezubhala | ngingezubhala |
| 2nd singular | uzobhala | ozobhala | uzobhala | awuzubhala | ongezubhala | ungezubhala |
| 1st plural | sizobhala | esizobhala | sizobhala | asizubhala | esingezubhala | singezubhala |
| 2nd plural | nizobhala | enizobhala | nizobhala | anizubhala | eningezubhala | ningezubhala |
| class 1 | uzobhala | ozobhala | ezobhala | akazubhala | ongezubhala | engezubhala |
| class 2 | bazobhala | abazobhala | bezobhala | abazubhala | abangezubhala | bengezubhala |
| class 3 | uzobhala | ozobhala | uzobhala | awuzubhala | ongezubhala | ungezubhala |
| class 4 | izobhala | ezobhala | izobhala | ayizubhala | engezubhala | ingezubhala |
| class 5 | lizobhala | elizobhala | lizobhala | alizubhala | elingezubhala | lingezubhala |
| class 6 | azobhala | azobhala | ezobhala | awazubhala | angezubhala | engezubhala |
| class 7 | sizobhala | esizobhala | sizobhala | asizubhala | esingezubhala | singezubhala |
| class 8 | zizobhala | ezizobhala | zizobhala | azizubhala | ezingezubhala | zingezubhala |
| class 9 | izobhala | ezobhala | izobhala | ayizubhala | engezubhala | ingezubhala |
| class 10 | zizobhala | ezizobhala | zizobhala | azizubhala | ezingezubhala | zingezubhala |
| class 11 | luzobhala | oluzobhala | luzobhala | aluzubhala | olungezubhala | lungezubhala |
| class 14 | buzobhala | obuzobhala | buzobhala | abuzubhala | obungezubhala | bungezubhala |
| class 15 | kuzobhala | okuzobhala | kuzobhala | akuzubhala | okungezubhala | kungezubhala |
| class 17 | kuzobhala | okuzobhala | kuzobhala | akuzubhala | okungezubhala | kungezubhala |
| remote future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyobhala | engiyobhala | ngiyobhala | angiyubhala | engingeyubhala | ngingeyubhala |
| 2nd singular | uyobhala | oyobhala | uyobhala | awuyubhala | ongeyubhala | ungeyubhala |
| 1st plural | siyobhala | esiyobhala | siyobhala | asiyubhala | esingeyubhala | singeyubhala |
| 2nd plural | niyobhala | eniyobhala | niyobhala | aniyubhala | eningeyubhala | ningeyubhala |
| class 1 | uyobhala | oyobhala | eyobhala | akayubhala | ongeyubhala | engeyubhala |
| class 2 | bayobhala | abayobhala | beyobhala | abayubhala | abangeyubhala | bengeyubhala |
| class 3 | uyobhala | oyobhala | uyobhala | awuyubhala | ongeyubhala | ungeyubhala |
| class 4 | iyobhala | eyobhala | iyobhala | ayiyubhala | engeyubhala | ingeyubhala |
| class 5 | liyobhala | eliyobhala | liyobhala | aliyubhala | elingeyubhala | lingeyubhala |
| class 6 | ayobhala | ayobhala | eyobhala | awayubhala | angeyubhala | engeyubhala |
| class 7 | siyobhala | esiyobhala | siyobhala | asiyubhala | esingeyubhala | singeyubhala |
| class 8 | ziyobhala | eziyobhala | ziyobhala | aziyubhala | ezingeyubhala | zingeyubhala |
| class 9 | iyobhala | eyobhala | iyobhala | ayiyubhala | engeyubhala | ingeyubhala |
| class 10 | ziyobhala | eziyobhala | ziyobhala | aziyubhala | ezingeyubhala | zingeyubhala |
| class 11 | luyobhala | oluyobhala | luyobhala | aluyubhala | olungeyubhala | lungeyubhala |
| class 14 | buyobhala | obuyobhala | buyobhala | abuyubhala | obungeyubhala | bungeyubhala |
| class 15 | kuyobhala | okuyobhala | kuyobhala | akuyubhala | okungeyubhala | kungeyubhala |
| class 17 | kuyobhala | okuyobhala | kuyobhala | akuyubhala | okungeyubhala | kungeyubhala |
| present subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngibhale | ngingabhali | ||||
| 2nd singular | ubhale | ungabhali | ||||
| 1st plural | sibhale | singabhali | ||||
| 2nd plural | nibhale | ningabhali | ||||
| class 1 | abhale | angabhali | ||||
| class 2 | babhale | bangabhali | ||||
| class 3 | ubhale | ungabhali | ||||
| class 4 | ibhale | ingabhali | ||||
| class 5 | libhale | lingabhali | ||||
| class 6 | abhale | angabhali | ||||
| class 7 | sibhale | singabhali | ||||
| class 8 | zibhale | zingabhali | ||||
| class 9 | ibhale | ingabhali | ||||
| class 10 | zibhale | zingabhali | ||||
| class 11 | lubhale | lungabhali | ||||
| class 14 | bubhale | bungabhali | ||||
| class 15 | kubhale | kungabhali | ||||
| class 17 | kubhale | kungabhali | ||||
| past subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngabhala | ngangabhala, angabhala, angangabhala | ||||
| 2nd singular | wabhala | wangabhala, awabhala, awangabhala | ||||
| 1st plural | sabhala | sangabhala, asabhala, asangabhala | ||||
| 2nd plural | nabhala | nangabhala, anabhala, anangabhala | ||||
| class 1 | wabhala | wangabhala, akabhala, akangabhala | ||||
| class 2 | babhala | bangabhala, ababhala, abangabhala | ||||
| class 3 | wabhala | wangabhala, awabhala, awangabhala | ||||
| class 4 | yabhala | yangabhala, ayabhala, ayangabhala | ||||
| class 5 | labhala | langabhala, alabhala, alangabhala | ||||
| class 6 | abhala | angabhala, awabhala, awangabhala | ||||
| class 7 | sabhala | sangabhala, asabhala, asangabhala | ||||
| class 8 | zabhala | zangabhala, azabhala, azangabhala | ||||
| class 9 | yabhala | yangabhala, ayabhala, ayangabhala | ||||
| class 10 | zabhala | zangabhala, azabhala, azangabhala | ||||
| class 11 | lwabhala | lwangabhala, alwabhala, alwangabhala | ||||
| class 14 | babhala | bangabhala, ababhala, abangabhala | ||||
| class 15 | kwabhala | kwangabhala, akwabhala, akwangabhala | ||||
| class 17 | kwabhala | kwangabhala, akwabhala, akwangabhala | ||||
Derived terms
References
- C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “bala”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “bala (3.9)”