cardáil
Irish
Etymology
From carda (“card (hand-held tool for preparing materials for spinning”) + -áil.
Pronunciation
- (Munster) IPA(key): /kɑːɾˠˈd̪ˠɑːlʲ/
- (Connacht) IPA(key): /ˈkɑːɾˠd̪ˠɑːlʲ/
- (Ulster) IPA(key): /ˈkaːɾˠd̪ˠælʲ/
Verb
cardáil (present analytic cardálann, future analytic cardálfaidh, verbal noun cardáil, past participle cardáilte)
- to card (use carding device)
Conjugation
conjugation of cardáil (first conjugation – B)
| verbal noun | cardáil | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| past participle | cardáilte | |||||||
| tense | singular | plural | relative | autonomous | ||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| indicative | ||||||||
| present | cardálaim | cardálann tú; cardálair† |
cardálann sé, sí | cardálaimid | cardálann sibh | cardálann siad; cardálaid† |
a chardálann; a chardálas / a gcardálann* |
cardáiltear |
| past | chardáil mé; chardálas | chardáil tú; chardálais | chardáil sé, sí | chardálamar; chardáil muid | chardáil sibh; chardálabhair | chardáil siad; chardáladar | a chardáil / ar chardáil* |
cardáladh |
| past habitual | chardálainn / gcardálainn‡‡ | chardáilteá / gcardáilteᇇ | chardáladh sé, sí / gcardáladh sé, s퇇 | chardálaimis; chardáladh muid / gcardálaimis‡‡; gcardáladh muid‡‡ | chardáladh sibh / gcardáladh sibh‡‡ | chardálaidís; chardáladh siad / gcardálaidís‡‡; gcardáladh siad‡‡ | a chardáladh / a gcardáladh* |
chardáiltí / gcardáilt퇇 |
| future | cardálfaidh mé; cardálfad |
cardálfaidh tú; cardálfair† |
cardálfaidh sé, sí | cardálfaimid; cardálfaidh muid |
cardálfaidh sibh | cardálfaidh siad; cardálfaid† |
a chardálfaidh; a chardálfas / a gcardálfaidh* |
cardálfar |
| conditional | chardálfainn / gcardálfainn‡‡ | chardálfá / gcardálfᇇ | chardálfadh sé, sí / gcardálfadh sé, s퇇 | chardálfaimis; chardálfadh muid / gcardálfaimis‡‡; gcardálfadh muid‡‡ | chardálfadh sibh / gcardálfadh sibh‡‡ | chardálfaidís; chardálfadh siad / gcardálfaidís‡‡; gcardálfadh siad‡‡ | a chardálfadh / a gcardálfadh* |
chardálfaí / gcardálfa퇇 |
| subjunctive | ||||||||
| present | go gcardála mé; go gcardálad† |
go gcardála tú; go gcardálair† |
go gcardála sé, sí | go gcardálaimid; go gcardála muid |
go gcardála sibh | go gcardála siad; go gcardálaid† |
— | go gcardáiltear |
| past | dá gcardálainn | dá gcardáilteá | dá gcardáladh sé, sí | dá gcardálaimis; dá gcardáladh muid |
dá gcardáladh sibh | dá gcardálaidís; dá gcardáladh siad |
— | dá gcardáiltí |
| imperative | ||||||||
| – | cardálaim | cardáil | cardáladh sé, sí | cardálaimis | cardálaigí; cardálaidh† |
cardálaidís | — | cardáiltear |
*indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis
Noun
cardáil f (genitive singular cardála, nominative plural)
- verbal noun of cardáil
Declension
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mutation
| radical | lenition | eclipsis |
|---|---|---|
| cardáil | chardáil | gcardáil |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
Further reading
- “cardáil”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
- Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “cardáil”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 118
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “cardáil”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 33