cay đắng

Vietnamese

Etymology

From cay (“spicy”) +‎ đắng (“bitter”), calque of Chinese 辛苦 (tân khổ).

Pronunciation

  • (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [kaj˧˧ ʔɗaŋ˧˦]
  • (Huế) IPA(key): [kaj˧˧ ʔɗaŋ˦˧˥]
  • (Saigon) IPA(key): [ka(ː)j˧˧ ʔɗaŋ˦˥]

Adjective

cay đắng

  1. (of human experience) bitter; painful; miserable
    Synonym: đắng cay
    cuộc đời cay đắng ― a miserable life
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