comencier
Old French
Alternative forms
- commencier, conmencier, cumancier, cumencer, cumencier
- comenchier, conmenchier (northern)
Etymology
From Vulgar Latin *cominitiāre.
Pronunciation
- (classical) IPA(key): /kumanˈt͡sjeːɾ/, (northern) /kumenˈt͡ʃjeːɾ/
Verb
comencier
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -ier, with a palatal stem. These verbs are conjugated mostly like verbs in -er, but there is an extra i before the e of some endings. The forms that would normally end in *-c, *-cs, *-ct are modified to z, z, zt. In addition, c becomes ç before an a, o or u to keep the /ts/ sound intact. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of comencier (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | comencier | avoir comencié | |||||
| gerund | en començant | gerund of avoir + past participle | |||||
| present participle | començant | ||||||
| past participle | comencié | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | comenz | comences | comence | començons | comenciez | comencent |
| imperfect | començoie, comenceie, començoe, comencieve | començoies, comenceies, començoes, comencieves | començoit, comenceit, començot, comencieve | comenciiens, comenciens | comenciiez, comenciez | començoient, comenceient, començoent, comencievent | |
| preterite | començai | començas | comença | començames | començastes | comencierent | |
| future | comencerai | comenceras | comencera | comencerons | comenceroiz, comencereiz, comencerez | comenceront | |
| conditional | comenceroie, comencereie | comenceroies, comencereies | comenceroit, comencereit | comenceriiens, comenceriens | comenceriiez, comenceriez | comenceroient, comencereient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | present tense of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | preterite tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | comenz | comenz | comenzt | començons | comenciez | comencent |
| imperfect | començasse | començasses | començast | comencissons, comencissiens | comencissoiz, comencissez, comencissiez | començassent | |
| compound tenses |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | comence | — | començons | comenciez | — | ||