creid

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish creitid,[1] from Proto-Celtic *kreddīti, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱred dʰeh₁-.

Pronunciation

Verb

creid (present analytic creideann, future analytic creidfidh, verbal noun creidiúint, past participle creidte)

  1. believe (+ i (“in”))
    creidim i nDia ― I believe in God
    • 1894 March, Peadar Mac Fionnlaoigh, “An rí nach robh le fagháil bháis”, in Irisleabhar na Gaedhilge, volume 1:5, Dublin: Gaelic Union, pages 185–88:
      D’innis an gasúr dó fá’n gharrdha plúr do chonnaic sé, “agus,” ar seision, “ar eagla nach gcreidfidhe mé, bhain mé ceann de na plúir, ⁊ thug liom é ⁊ sin chugat é.”
      The youth told him about the garden of flowers, which he saw, "and," says he, "lest I might not be believed, I plucked one and brought it with me, and here it is."

Conjugation

conjugation of creid (first conjugation – A)
verbal noun creidiúint
past participle creidte
tense singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative
present creidim creideann tú;
creidir† 		creideann sé, sí creidimid creideann sibh creideann siad;
creidid† 		a chreideann; a chreideas /
a gcreideann* 		creidtear
past chreid mé; chreideas chreid tú; chreidis chreid sé, sí chreideamar; chreid muid chreid sibh; chreideabhair chreid siad; chreideadar a chreid /
ar chreid* 		creideadh
past habitual chreidinn / gcreidinn‡‡ chreidteá / gcreidteᇇ chreideadh sé, sí / gcreideadh sé, s퇇 chreidimis; chreideadh muid / gcreidimis‡‡; gcreideadh muid‡‡ chreideadh sibh / gcreideadh sibh‡‡ chreididís; chreideadh siad / gcreididís‡‡; gcreideadh siad‡‡ a chreideadh /
a gcreideadh* 		chreidtí / gcreidt퇇
future creidfidh mé;
creidfead 		creidfidh tú;
creidfir† 		creidfidh sé, sí creidfimid;
creidfidh muid 		creidfidh sibh creidfidh siad;
creidfid† 		a chreidfidh; a chreidfeas /
a gcreidfidh* 		creidfear
conditional chreidfinn / gcreidfinn‡‡ chreidfeá / gcreidfeᇇ chreidfeadh sé, sí / gcreidfeadh sé, s퇇 chreidfimis; chreidfeadh muid / gcreidfimis‡‡; gcreidfeadh muid‡‡ chreidfeadh sibh / gcreidfeadh sibh‡‡ chreidfidís; chreidfeadh siad / gcreidfidís‡‡; gcreidfeadh siad‡‡ a chreidfeadh /
a gcreidfeadh* 		chreidfí / gcreidf퇇
subjunctive
present go gcreide mé;
go gcreidead† 		go gcreide tú;
go gcreidir† 		go gcreide sé, sí go gcreidimid;
go gcreide muid 		go gcreide sibh go gcreide siad;
go gcreidid† 		— go gcreidtear
past dá gcreidinn dá gcreidteá dá gcreideadh sé, sí dá gcreidimis;
dá gcreideadh muid 		dá gcreideadh sibh dá gcreididís;
dá gcreideadh siad 		— dá gcreidtí
imperative
– creidim creid creideadh sé, sí creidimis creidigí;
creididh† 		creididís — creidtear

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Alternative verbal noun: creidmheáil (Ulster)

Derived terms

Mutation

Mutated forms of creid
radical lenition eclipsis
creid chreid gcreid

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “creitid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 52

Further reading

Manx

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old Irish creitid,[1] from Proto-Celtic *kreddīti, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱred dʰeh₁-.

Pronunciation

Verb

creid (verbal noun credjal, past participle credjit)

  1. believe

Mutation

Mutation of creid
radical lenition eclipsis
creid chreid greid

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Manx.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “creitid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. ^ Christopher Lewin (2020) Aspects of the historical phonology of Manx, Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh, →DOI, page 72

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish creitid,[1] from Proto-Celtic *kreddīti, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱred dʰeh₁-.

Pronunciation

Verb

creid (past chreid, future creididh, verbal noun creidsinn or creidse, past participle creidte)

  1. believe, feel convinced, think
    creididh iad sinne ― they will believe us
    cha chreid mi gun tèid i ann ― I don't think she will go
    Thill e. – An do thill? – Cha chreid mi nach do thill.
    He returned. – Did he? – I do believe he did.
    (literally, “I don't believe he didn't return”)
    cha ghabh e creidsinn ― it can't be believed
    tha i a' creidsinn ann an sìthichean ― she believes in fairies
  2. credit
  3. confide, trust, rely

Derived terms

Mutation

Mutation of creid
radical lenition
creid chreid

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “creitid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. ^ Mac Gill-Fhinnein, Gordon (1966) Gàidhlig Uidhist a Deas, Dublin: Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath
  3. ^ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1937) The dialect of Barra in the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
  4. ^ Wentworth, Roy (2003) Gaelic Words and Phrases From Wester Ross / Faclan is Abairtean à Ros an Iar, Inverness: CLÀR, →ISBN
  5. ^ Oftedal, M. (1956) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap

Further reading

  • Edward Dwelly (1911) “creid”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎[1], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
  • MacLennan, Malcolm (1925) A Pronouncing and Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language, Edinburgh: J. Grant, →OCLC
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