cryptography

From crypto- +‎ -graphy.

• enPR: krĭptŏgʹrəfē, IPA^(key): [kɹ̥ɪpˈtʰɒɡɹəfiː], /kɹɪpˈtɒɡ.ɹə.fi/

• Audio (Southern England):

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• Rhymes: -ɒɡɹəfi

cryptography (usually uncountable, plural cryptographies)

1. The discipline concerned with communication security (eg, confidentiality of messages, integrity of messages, sender authentication, non-repudiation of messages, and many other related issues), regardless of the used medium such as pencil and paper or computers.

   Holonym: cryptology

   Comeronym: cryptanalysis

   • 1658, Sir Thomas Browne (first use in English):

     We might abate...the strange cryptography of Gaffarell in his Starrie Booke of Heaven.

   • 2011 November 23, Benjamin Wallace, “The Rise and Fall of Bitcoin”, in Wired‎^[1], San Francisco, Calif.: Condé Nast Publications, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2 January 2025:

     [A] man named Satoshi Nakamoto posted a research paper to an obscure cryptography listserv describing his design for a new digital currency that he called bitcoin.

• Subfields include encoding, decoding, cryptanalysis, codes, ciphers, etc.
• In many languages, though less so in English, cognates to "cryptology" are also used with the meaning given above, and even preferred.
• Related to cryptography but distinct, steganography is the art and science of writing hidden messages in such a way that no-one apart from the sender and intended recipient even realizes there is a hidden message.

• Appendix:Glossary of cryptography