edlula
Northern Ndebele
Verb
-édlúla
- to pass
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Swazi
Verb
-édlúla
- to pass by
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Zulu
Verb
-edlúla
- alternative form of -dlula
Inflection
| positive | negative | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | ukwedlula | ukungedluli | ||||
| imperative | ||||||
| simple | + object concord | |||||
| singular | yedlula | -edlule | ||||
| plural | yedlulani | -edluleni | ||||
| present | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyedlula, ngedlula | engedlulayo, engedlula | ngedlula | angedluli | engingedluli | ngingedluli |
| 2nd singular | uyedlula, wedlula | owedlulayo, owedlula | wedlula | awedluli | ongedluli | ungedluli |
| 1st plural | siyedlula, sedlula | esedlulayo, esedlula | sedlula | asedluli | esingedluli | singedluli |
| 2nd plural | niyedlula, nedlula | enedlulayo, enedlula | nedlula | anedluli | eningedluli | ningedluli |
| class 1 | uyedlula, wedlula | owedlulayo, owedlula | edlula | akedluli | ongedluli | engedluli |
| class 2 | bayedlula, bedlula | abedlulayo, abedlula | bedlula | abedluli | abangedluli | bengedluli |
| class 3 | uyedlula, wedlula | owedlulayo, owedlula | wedlula | awedluli | ongedluli | ungedluli |
| class 4 | iyedlula, yedlula | eyedlulayo, eyedlula | yedlula | ayedluli | engedluli | ingedluli |
| class 5 | liyedlula, ledlula | eledlulayo, eledlula | ledlula | aledluli | elingedluli | lingedluli |
| class 6 | ayedlula, edlula | edlulayo, edlula | edlula | awedluli | angedluli | engedluli |
| class 7 | siyedlula, sedlula | esedlulayo, esedlula | sedlula | asedluli | esingedluli | singedluli |
| class 8 | ziyedlula, zedlula | ezedlulayo, ezedlula | zedlula | azedluli | ezingedluli | zingedluli |
| class 9 | iyedlula, yedlula | eyedlulayo, eyedlula | yedlula | ayedluli | engedluli | ingedluli |
| class 10 | ziyedlula, zedlula | ezedlulayo, ezedlula | zedlula | azedluli | ezingedluli | zingedluli |
| class 11 | luyedlula, lwedlula | olwedlulayo, olwedlula | lwedlula | alwedluli | olungedluli | lungedluli |
| class 14 | buyedlula, bedlula | obedlulayo, obedlula | bedlula | abedluli | obungedluli | bungedluli |
| class 15 | kuyedlula, kwedlula | okwedlulayo, okwedlula | kwedlula | akwedluli | okungedluli | kungedluli |
| class 17 | kuyedlula, kwedlula | okwedlulayo, okwedlula | kwedlula | akwedluli | okungedluli | kungedluli |
| recent past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngedlulile, ngedlulē | engedlulile, engedlulē | ngedlulile, ngedlulē | angedlulanga | engingedlulanga | ngingedlulanga |
| 2nd singular | wedlulile, wedlulē | owedlulile, owedlulē | wedlulile, wedlulē | awedlulanga | ongedlulanga | ungedlulanga |
| 1st plural | sedlulile, sedlulē | esedlulile, esedlulē | sedlulile, sedlulē | asedlulanga | esingedlulanga | singedlulanga |
| 2nd plural | nedlulile, nedlulē | enedlulile, enedlulē | nedlulile, nedlulē | anedlulanga | eningedlulanga | ningedlulanga |
| class 1 | wedlulile, wedlulē | owedlulile, owedlulē | edlulile, edlulē | akedlulanga | ongedlulanga | engedlulanga |
| class 2 | bedlulile, bedlulē | abedlulile, abedlulē | bedlulile, bedlulē | abedlulanga | abangedlulanga | bengedlulanga |
| class 3 | wedlulile, wedlulē | owedlulile, owedlulē | wedlulile, wedlulē | awedlulanga | ongedlulanga | ungedlulanga |
| class 4 | yedlulile, yedlulē | eyedlulile, eyedlulē | yedlulile, yedlulē | ayedlulanga | engedlulanga | ingedlulanga |
| class 5 | ledlulile, ledlulē | eledlulile, eledlulē | ledlulile, ledlulē | aledlulanga | elingedlulanga | lingedlulanga |
| class 6 | edlulile, edlulē | edlulile, edlulē | edlulile, edlulē | awedlulanga | angedlulanga | engedlulanga |
| class 7 | sedlulile, sedlulē | esedlulile, esedlulē | sedlulile, sedlulē | asedlulanga | esingedlulanga | singedlulanga |
| class 8 | zedlulile, zedlulē | ezedlulile, ezedlulē | zedlulile, zedlulē | azedlulanga | ezingedlulanga | zingedlulanga |
| class 9 | yedlulile, yedlulē | eyedlulile, eyedlulē | yedlulile, yedlulē | ayedlulanga | engedlulanga | ingedlulanga |
| class 10 | zedlulile, zedlulē | ezedlulile, ezedlulē | zedlulile, zedlulē | azedlulanga | ezingedlulanga | zingedlulanga |
| class 11 | lwedlulile, lwedlulē | olwedlulile, olwedlulē | lwedlulile, lwedlulē | alwedlulanga | olungedlulanga | lungedlulanga |
| class 14 | bedlulile, bedlulē | obedlulile, obedlulē | bedlulile, bedlulē | abedlulanga | obungedlulanga | bungedlulanga |
| class 15 | kwedlulile, kwedlulē | okwedlulile, okwedlulē | kwedlulile, kwedlulē | akwedlulanga | okungedlulanga | kungedlulanga |
| class 17 | kwedlulile, kwedlulē | okwedlulile, okwedlulē | kwedlulile, kwedlulē | akwedlulanga | okungedlulanga | kungedlulanga |
| remote past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngēdlula | engēdlula | ngēdlula | angedlulanga | engingedlulanga | ngingedlulanga |
| 2nd singular | wēdlula | owēdlula | wēdlula | awedlulanga | ongedlulanga | ungedlulanga |
| 1st plural | sēdlula | esēdlula | sēdlula | asedlulanga | esingedlulanga | singedlulanga |
| 2nd plural | nēdlula | enēdlula | nēdlula | anedlulanga | eningedlulanga | ningedlulanga |
| class 1 | wēdlula | owēdlula | ēdlula | akedlulanga | ongedlulanga | engedlulanga |
| class 2 | bēdlula | abēdlula | bēdlula | abedlulanga | abangedlulanga | bengedlulanga |
| class 3 | wēdlula | owēdlula | wēdlula | awedlulanga | ongedlulanga | ungedlulanga |
| class 4 | yēdlula | eyēdlula | yēdlula | ayedlulanga | engedlulanga | ingedlulanga |
| class 5 | lēdlula | elēdlula | lēdlula | aledlulanga | elingedlulanga | lingedlulanga |
| class 6 | ēdlula | ēdlula | ēdlula | awedlulanga | angedlulanga | engedlulanga |
| class 7 | sēdlula | esēdlula | sēdlula | asedlulanga | esingedlulanga | singedlulanga |
| class 8 | zēdlula | ezēdlula | zēdlula | azedlulanga | ezingedlulanga | zingedlulanga |
| class 9 | yēdlula | eyēdlula | yēdlula | ayedlulanga | engedlulanga | ingedlulanga |
| class 10 | zēdlula | ezēdlula | zēdlula | azedlulanga | ezingedlulanga | zingedlulanga |
| class 11 | lwēdlula | olwēdlula | lwēdlula | alwedlulanga | olungedlulanga | lungedlulanga |
| class 14 | bēdlula | obēdlula | bēdlula | abedlulanga | obungedlulanga | bungedlulanga |
| class 15 | kwēdlula | okwēdlula | kwēdlula | akwedlulanga | okungedlulanga | kungedlulanga |
| class 17 | kwēdlula | okwēdlula | kwēdlula | akwedlulanga | okungedlulanga | kungedlulanga |
| potential | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngingedlula | — | ngingedlula | ngingedlule | — | ngingedlule |
| 2nd singular | ungedlula | — | ungedlula | ungedlule | — | ungedlule |
| 1st plural | singedlula | — | singedlula | singedlule | — | singedlule |
| 2nd plural | ningedlula | — | ningedlula | ningedlule | — | ningedlule |
| class 1 | angedlula | — | engedlula | angedlule | — | engedlule |
| class 2 | bangedlula | — | bengedlula | bangedlule | — | bengedlule |
| class 3 | ungedlula | — | ungedlula | ungedlule | — | ungedlule |
| class 4 | ingedlula | — | ingedlula | ingedlule | — | ingedlule |
| class 5 | lingedlula | — | lingedlula | lingedlule | — | lingedlule |
| class 6 | angedlula | — | engedlula | angedlule | — | engedlule |
| class 7 | singedlula | — | singedlula | singedlule | — | singedlule |
| class 8 | zingedlula | — | zingedlula | zingedlule | — | zingedlule |
| class 9 | ingedlula | — | ingedlula | ingedlule | — | ingedlule |
| class 10 | zingedlula | — | zingedlula | zingedlule | — | zingedlule |
| class 11 | lungedlula | — | lungedlula | lungedlule | — | lungedlule |
| class 14 | bungedlula | — | bungedlula | bungedlule | — | bungedlule |
| class 15 | kungedlula | — | kungedlula | kungedlule | — | kungedlule |
| class 17 | kungedlula | — | kungedlula | kungedlule | — | kungedlule |
| immediate future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngizokwedlula | engizokwedlula | ngizokwedlula | angizukwedlula | engingezukwedlula | ngingezukwedlula |
| 2nd singular | uzokwedlula | ozokwedlula | uzokwedlula | awuzukwedlula | ongezukwedlula | ungezukwedlula |
| 1st plural | sizokwedlula | esizokwedlula | sizokwedlula | asizukwedlula | esingezukwedlula | singezukwedlula |
| 2nd plural | nizokwedlula | enizokwedlula | nizokwedlula | anizukwedlula | eningezukwedlula | ningezukwedlula |
| class 1 | uzokwedlula | ozokwedlula | ezokwedlula | akazukwedlula | ongezukwedlula | engezukwedlula |
| class 2 | bazokwedlula | abazokwedlula | bezokwedlula | abazukwedlula | abangezukwedlula | bengezukwedlula |
| class 3 | uzokwedlula | ozokwedlula | uzokwedlula | awuzukwedlula | ongezukwedlula | ungezukwedlula |
| class 4 | izokwedlula | ezokwedlula | izokwedlula | ayizukwedlula | engezukwedlula | ingezukwedlula |
| class 5 | lizokwedlula | elizokwedlula | lizokwedlula | alizukwedlula | elingezukwedlula | lingezukwedlula |
| class 6 | azokwedlula | azokwedlula | ezokwedlula | awazukwedlula | angezukwedlula | engezukwedlula |
| class 7 | sizokwedlula | esizokwedlula | sizokwedlula | asizukwedlula | esingezukwedlula | singezukwedlula |
| class 8 | zizokwedlula | ezizokwedlula | zizokwedlula | azizukwedlula | ezingezukwedlula | zingezukwedlula |
| class 9 | izokwedlula | ezokwedlula | izokwedlula | ayizukwedlula | engezukwedlula | ingezukwedlula |
| class 10 | zizokwedlula | ezizokwedlula | zizokwedlula | azizukwedlula | ezingezukwedlula | zingezukwedlula |
| class 11 | luzokwedlula | oluzokwedlula | luzokwedlula | aluzukwedlula | olungezukwedlula | lungezukwedlula |
| class 14 | buzokwedlula | obuzokwedlula | buzokwedlula | abuzukwedlula | obungezukwedlula | bungezukwedlula |
| class 15 | kuzokwedlula | okuzokwedlula | kuzokwedlula | akuzukwedlula | okungezukwedlula | kungezukwedlula |
| class 17 | kuzokwedlula | okuzokwedlula | kuzokwedlula | akuzukwedlula | okungezukwedlula | kungezukwedlula |
| remote future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyokwedlula | engiyokwedlula | ngiyokwedlula | angiyukwedlula | engingeyukwedlula | ngingeyukwedlula |
| 2nd singular | uyokwedlula | oyokwedlula | uyokwedlula | awuyukwedlula | ongeyukwedlula | ungeyukwedlula |
| 1st plural | siyokwedlula | esiyokwedlula | siyokwedlula | asiyukwedlula | esingeyukwedlula | singeyukwedlula |
| 2nd plural | niyokwedlula | eniyokwedlula | niyokwedlula | aniyukwedlula | eningeyukwedlula | ningeyukwedlula |
| class 1 | uyokwedlula | oyokwedlula | eyokwedlula | akayukwedlula | ongeyukwedlula | engeyukwedlula |
| class 2 | bayokwedlula | abayokwedlula | beyokwedlula | abayukwedlula | abangeyukwedlula | bengeyukwedlula |
| class 3 | uyokwedlula | oyokwedlula | uyokwedlula | awuyukwedlula | ongeyukwedlula | ungeyukwedlula |
| class 4 | iyokwedlula | eyokwedlula | iyokwedlula | ayiyukwedlula | engeyukwedlula | ingeyukwedlula |
| class 5 | liyokwedlula | eliyokwedlula | liyokwedlula | aliyukwedlula | elingeyukwedlula | lingeyukwedlula |
| class 6 | ayokwedlula | ayokwedlula | eyokwedlula | awayukwedlula | angeyukwedlula | engeyukwedlula |
| class 7 | siyokwedlula | esiyokwedlula | siyokwedlula | asiyukwedlula | esingeyukwedlula | singeyukwedlula |
| class 8 | ziyokwedlula | eziyokwedlula | ziyokwedlula | aziyukwedlula | ezingeyukwedlula | zingeyukwedlula |
| class 9 | iyokwedlula | eyokwedlula | iyokwedlula | ayiyukwedlula | engeyukwedlula | ingeyukwedlula |
| class 10 | ziyokwedlula | eziyokwedlula | ziyokwedlula | aziyukwedlula | ezingeyukwedlula | zingeyukwedlula |
| class 11 | luyokwedlula | oluyokwedlula | luyokwedlula | aluyukwedlula | olungeyukwedlula | lungeyukwedlula |
| class 14 | buyokwedlula | obuyokwedlula | buyokwedlula | abuyukwedlula | obungeyukwedlula | bungeyukwedlula |
| class 15 | kuyokwedlula | okuyokwedlula | kuyokwedlula | akuyukwedlula | okungeyukwedlula | kungeyukwedlula |
| class 17 | kuyokwedlula | okuyokwedlula | kuyokwedlula | akuyukwedlula | okungeyukwedlula | kungeyukwedlula |
| present subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngedlule | ngingedluli | ||||
| 2nd singular | wedlule | ungedluli | ||||
| 1st plural | sedlule | singedluli | ||||
| 2nd plural | nedlule | ningedluli | ||||
| class 1 | edlule | angedluli | ||||
| class 2 | bedlule | bangedluli | ||||
| class 3 | wedlule | ungedluli | ||||
| class 4 | yedlule | ingedluli | ||||
| class 5 | ledlule | lingedluli | ||||
| class 6 | edlule | angedluli | ||||
| class 7 | sedlule | singedluli | ||||
| class 8 | zedlule | zingedluli | ||||
| class 9 | yedlule | ingedluli | ||||
| class 10 | zedlule | zingedluli | ||||
| class 11 | lwedlule | lungedluli | ||||
| class 14 | bedlule | bungedluli | ||||
| class 15 | kwedlule | kungedluli | ||||
| class 17 | kwedlule | kungedluli | ||||
| past subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngedlula | ngangedlula, angedlula, angangedlula | ||||
| 2nd singular | wedlula | wangedlula, awedlula, awangedlula | ||||
| 1st plural | sedlula | sangedlula, asedlula, asangedlula | ||||
| 2nd plural | nedlula | nangedlula, anedlula, anangedlula | ||||
| class 1 | wedlula | wangedlula, akedlula, akangedlula | ||||
| class 2 | bedlula | bangedlula, abedlula, abangedlula | ||||
| class 3 | wedlula | wangedlula, awedlula, awangedlula | ||||
| class 4 | yedlula | yangedlula, ayedlula, ayangedlula | ||||
| class 5 | ledlula | langedlula, aledlula, alangedlula | ||||
| class 6 | edlula | angedlula, awedlula, awangedlula | ||||
| class 7 | sedlula | sangedlula, asedlula, asangedlula | ||||
| class 8 | zedlula | zangedlula, azedlula, azangedlula | ||||
| class 9 | yedlula | yangedlula, ayedlula, ayangedlula | ||||
| class 10 | zedlula | zangedlula, azedlula, azangedlula | ||||
| class 11 | lwedlula | lwangedlula, alwedlula, alwangedlula | ||||
| class 14 | bedlula | bangedlula, abedlula, abangedlula | ||||
| class 15 | kwedlula | kwangedlula, akwedlula, akwangedlula | ||||
| class 17 | kwedlula | kwangedlula, akwedlula, akwangedlula | ||||
References
- C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “edlula”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “edlula (3.2.9)”