fouir
See also: fo-ùir
French
Etymology
From Vulgar Latin *fodīre, from Latin fodere.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fwiʁ/
Audio: (file)
Verb
fouir
Conjugation
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
Conjugation of fouir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | fouir | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | fouissant /fwi.sɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | foui /fwi/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | fouis /fwi/ |
fouis /fwi/ |
fouit /fwi/ |
fouissons /fwi.sɔ̃/ |
fouissez /fwi.se/ |
fouissent /fwis/ |
| imperfect | fouissais /fwi.sɛ/ |
fouissais /fwi.sɛ/ |
fouissait /fwi.sɛ/ |
fouissions /fwi.sjɔ̃/ |
fouissiez /fwi.sje/ |
fouissaient /fwi.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | fouis /fwi/ |
fouis /fwi/ |
fouit /fwi/ |
fouîmes /fwim/ |
fouîtes /fwit/ |
fouirent /fwiʁ/ | |
| future | fouirai /fwi.ʁe/ |
fouiras /fwi.ʁa/ |
fouira /fwi.ʁa/ |
fouirons /fwi.ʁɔ̃/ |
fouirez /fwi.ʁe/ |
fouiront /fwi.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | fouirais /fwi.ʁɛ/ |
fouirais /fwi.ʁɛ/ |
fouirait /fwi.ʁɛ/ |
fouirions /fwi.ʁjɔ̃/ |
fouiriez /fwi.ʁje/ |
fouiraient /fwi.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | fouisse /fwis/ |
fouisses /fwis/ |
fouisse /fwis/ |
fouissions /fwi.sjɔ̃/ |
fouissiez /fwi.sje/ |
fouissent /fwis/ |
| imperfect2 | fouisse /fwis/ |
fouisses /fwis/ |
fouît /fwi/ |
fouissions /fwi.sjɔ̃/ |
fouissiez /fwi.sje/ |
fouissent /fwis/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | fouis /fwi/ |
— | fouissons /fwi.sɔ̃/ |
fouissez /fwi.se/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Related terms
Further reading
- “fouir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Old French
Etymology
From Vulgar Latin *fodīre, from Latin fodere.
Verb
fouir
- alternative form of foïr
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a third-group or second-group verb (ending in -ir, without or with an -iss- infix). This verb has a distinct stressed present stem, as well as other irregularities. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of fouir (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | fouir | avoir fouï | |||||
| gerund | en fouant, fouïssant | gerund of avoir + past participle | |||||
| present participle | fouant, fouïssant | ||||||
| past participle | fouï | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | fue, fouïs | fues, fouïs | fuet, fouïst | fouons, fouïssons | fouez, fouïssez | fueent, fouïssent |
| imperfect | fouoie, foueie, fouïssoie, fouïsseie | fouoies, foueies, fouïssoies, fouïsseies | fouoit, foueit, fouïssoit, fouïsseit | fouïiens, fouïens, fouïssiiens, fouïssiens | fouïiez, fouïez, fouïssiiez, fouïssiez | fouoient, foueient, fouïssoient, fouïsseient | |
| preterite | fouï | fouïs | fouï | fouïmes | fouïstes | fouïrent | |
| future | fourrai, fouïrai | fourras, fouïras | fourra, fouïra | fourrons, fouïrons | fourroiz, fourreiz, fourrez, fouïroiz, fouïreiz, fouïrez | fourront, fouïront | |
| conditional | fourroie, fourreie, fouïroie, fouïreie | fourroies, fourreies, fouïroies, fouïreies | fourroit, fourreit, fouïroit, fouïreit | fourriiens, fourriens, fouïriiens, fouïriens | fourriiez, fourriez, fouïriiez, fouïriez | fourroient, fourreient, fouïroient, fouïreient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | present tense of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | preterite tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | fuee, fouïsse | fuees, fouïsses | fuee, fouïsse | fouons, fouïssons | fouez, fouïssez | fueent, fouïssent |
| imperfect | fouïsse | fouïsses | fouïst | fouïssons, fouïssiens | fouïssoiz, fouïssez, fouïssiez | fouïssent | |
| compound tenses |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | fue, fouïs | — | fouons, fouïssons | fouez, fouïssez | — | ||
Further reading
- “fouir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.