freondleas
Old English
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic [Term?]; compare Old High German friuntlōs, Middle Dutch vriendeloos. By surface analysis, frēond + -lēas.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈfre͜oːndˌlæ͜ɑːs/
Adjective
frēondlēas
- friendless
- Synonym: winelēas
- 10th century, The Wanderer:
- oþþe mec frēondlēasne · frēfran wolde,
wēman mid wynnum. · Wāt sē þe cunnað,
hū slīþen bið · sorg tō ġefēran,
þām þe him lȳt hafað · lēofra ġeholena.- or friendless me would soothe,
allure with glees. Knows the one who undergoes,
how tough is sorrow as a companion,
to whom little has dear confidants for himself.
- or friendless me would soothe,
- without relatives, orphan
Declension
Declension of frēondlēas — Strong
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | frēondlēas | frēondlēas | frēondlēas |
| Accusative | frēondlēasne | frēondlēase | frēondlēas |
| Genitive | frēondlēases | frēondlēasre | frēondlēases |
| Dative | frēondlēasum | frēondlēasre | frēondlēasum |
| Instrumental | frēondlēase | frēondlēasre | frēondlēase |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | frēondlēase | frēondlēasa, frēondlēase | frēondlēas |
| Accusative | frēondlēase | frēondlēasa, frēondlēase | frēondlēas |
| Genitive | frēondlēasra | frēondlēasra | frēondlēasra |
| Dative | frēondlēasum | frēondlēasum | frēondlēasum |
| Instrumental | frēondlēasum | frēondlēasum | frēondlēasum |
Declension of frēondlēas — Weak
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | frēondlēasa | frēondlēase | frēondlēase |
| Accusative | frēondlēasan | frēondlēasan | frēondlēase |
| Genitive | frēondlēasan | frēondlēasan | frēondlēasan |
| Dative | frēondlēasan | frēondlēasan | frēondlēasan |
| Instrumental | frēondlēasan | frēondlēasan | frēondlēasan |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | frēondlēasan | frēondlēasan | frēondlēasan |
| Accusative | frēondlēasan | frēondlēasan | frēondlēasan |
| Genitive | frēondlēasra, frēondlēasena | frēondlēasra, frēondlēasena | frēondlēasra, frēondlēasena |
| Dative | frēondlēasum | frēondlēasum | frēondlēasum |
| Instrumental | frēondlēasum | frēondlēasum | frēondlēasum |
Derived terms
- frēondlīest
Descendants
- Middle English: frendles, ffreondles, frendlæs
- English: friendless
References
- John R. Clark Hall (1916) “freónd-leás”, in A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary[1], 2nd edition, New York: Macmillan
- Joseph Bosworth, T. Northcote Toller (1898) “freónd-leás”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary[2], second edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.