gearr

See also: geàrr and gearr-

Irish

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Middle Irish gerr.[1] The verb is from Middle Irish gerraid.[2]

Pronunciation

Adjective

gearr (genitive singular feminine giorra, plural gearra, comparative giorra)

  1. short
    Synonym: gairid
    Antonym: fada
  2. close (at little distance in time)

Declension

Declension of gearr
Positive singular plural
masculine feminine strong noun weak noun
nominative gearr ghearr gearra;
ghearra2
vocative ghearr gearra
genitive giorra gearra gearr
dative gearr;
ghearr1 		ghearr gearra;
ghearra2
Comparative níos giorra
Superlative is giorra

1 When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
2 When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

  • Alternative vocative/genitive singular masculine and archaic dative singular feminine: girr

Derived terms

  • gearr sa radharc (“short-sighted”)
  • gearr-
  • gearró (“recently”)
  • giorraigh
  • i bhfad agus i ngearr (“far and near”)
  • i ngearr aimsire (“in a short time”)

Verb

gearr (present analytic gearrann, future analytic gearrfaidh, verbal noun gearradh, past participle gearrtha)

  1. to cut
    Ghearr mé mo lámh ar maidin.
    I cut my hand this morning.
  2. (card games) to cut
  3. (dentistry, of teeth) to cut (of child)
  4. to castrate
  5. to levy (impose a tax or fine)

Conjugation

conjugation of gearr (first conjugation – A)
verbal noun gearradh
past participle gearrtha
tense singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative
present gearraim gearrann tú;
gearrair† 		gearrann sé, sí gearraimid gearrann sibh gearrann siad;
gearraid† 		a ghearrann; a ghearras /
a ngearrann* 		gearrtar
past ghearr mé; ghearras ghearr tú; ghearrais ghearr sé, sí ghearramar; ghearr muid ghearr sibh; ghearrabhair ghearr siad; ghearradar a ghearr /
ar ghearr* 		gearradh
past habitual ghearrainn / ngearrainn‡‡ ghearrtá / ngearrtᇇ ghearradh sé, sí / ngearradh sé, s퇇 ghearraimis; ghearradh muid / ngearraimis‡‡; ngearradh muid‡‡ ghearradh sibh / ngearradh sibh‡‡ ghearraidís; ghearradh siad / ngearraidís‡‡; ngearradh siad‡‡ a ghearradh /
a ngearradh* 		ghearrtaí / ngearrta퇇
future gearrfaidh mé;
gearrfad 		gearrfaidh tú;
gearrfair† 		gearrfaidh sé, sí gearrfaimid;
gearrfaidh muid 		gearrfaidh sibh gearrfaidh siad;
gearrfaid† 		a ghearrfaidh; a ghearrfas /
a ngearrfaidh* 		gearrfar
conditional ghearrfainn / ngearrfainn‡‡ ghearrfá / ngearrfᇇ ghearrfadh sé, sí / ngearrfadh sé, s퇇 ghearrfaimis; ghearrfadh muid / ngearrfaimis‡‡; ngearrfadh muid‡‡ ghearrfadh sibh / ngearrfadh sibh‡‡ ghearrfaidís; ghearrfadh siad / ngearrfaidís‡‡; ngearrfadh siad‡‡ a ghearrfadh /
a ngearrfadh* 		ghearrfaí / ngearrfa퇇
subjunctive
present go ngearra mé;
go ngearrad† 		go ngearra tú;
go ngearrair† 		go ngearra sé, sí go ngearraimid;
go ngearra muid 		go ngearra sibh go ngearra siad;
go ngearraid† 		— go ngearrtar
past dá ngearrainn dá ngearrtá dá ngearradh sé, sí dá ngearraimis;
dá ngearradh muid 		dá ngearradh sibh dá ngearraidís;
dá ngearradh siad 		— dá ngearrtaí
imperative
– gearraim gearr gearradh sé, sí gearraimis gearraigí;
gearraidh† 		gearraidís — gearrtar

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Mutation

Mutated forms of gearr
radical lenition eclipsis
gearr ghearr ngearr

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “gerr”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “gerraid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  3. ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 45, page 24
  4. ^ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), Zweiter Band: Wörterbuch [Second volume: Dictionary], Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 132
  5. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 275, page 97

Further reading

Scottish Gaelic

Noun

gearr f (genitive singular gearra, plural gearran)

  1. alternative form of geàrr

Verb

gearr (past ghearr, future gearraidh, verbal noun gearradh, past participle gearrta)

  1. alternative form of geàrr

Adjective

gearr

  1. alternative form of geàrr
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