Navajo
Etymology
ha- (“up out”) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -l- (classifier) + -yeed (imperfective stem of root -WOD, “to run — 1 actor”).
Verb
haalyeed
- he/she/it is running up out (from a hole)
- he/she/it starts to race
Usage notes
The stem used for one subject is different from the stem used for multiple subjects. For two subjects, see hahiʼnilchééh; for three or more subjects, see haajeeh.
Plural forms of this verb refer to several people running independently one from another.
Conjugation
Paradigm: Momentaneous (∅/yi), with da-shift.
| imperfective
|
singular
|
duoplural
|
plural
|
| 1st person
|
haashyeed
|
haiilyeed
|
hadeiilyeed
|
| 2nd person
|
hanilyeed
|
haałyeed
|
hadaałyeed
|
| 3rd person
|
haalyeed
|
hadaalyeed
|
| 4th person
|
hajilyeed
|
hadajilyeed
|
| perfective
|
singular
|
duoplural
|
plural
|
| 1st person
|
haashwod
|
haiilwod
|
hadasiilwod
|
| 2nd person
|
háínílwod
|
haoołwod
|
hadasoołwod
|
| 3rd person
|
haalwod
|
hadaaswod
|
| 4th person
|
hajoolwod
|
hadajiswod
|
| future
|
singular
|
duoplural
|
plural
|
| 1st person
|
hadeeshwoł
|
hadiilwoł
|
hadadiilwoł
|
| 2nd person
|
hadíílwoł
|
hadoołwoł
|
hadadoołwoł
|
| 3rd person
|
hadoolwoł
|
hadadoolwoł
|
| 4th person
|
hazhdoolwoł
|
hadazhdoolwoł
|
Verbal stems
- IMPERFECTIVE: -yeed
- PERFECTIVE: -wod
- FUTURE: -woł
- ITERATIVE: -woʼ
- OPTATIVE: -yeed