Finnish
- harmaja (dialectal)
- harmava (dialectal)
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *harmaga, borrowed from Proto-Baltic *śirˀmas (compare Lithuanian širmas). Erzya шерже (šerže, “hoar, gray hair”) borrowed from the same root.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈhɑrmɑː/, [ˈhɑ̝rmɑ̝ː]
- Rhymes: -ɑrmɑː
- Syllabification(key): har‧maa
- Hyphenation(key): har‧maa
Adjective
harmaa (comparative harmaampi, superlative harmain)
- grey, gray (colour)
- grey, gray, dreary, gloomy
- grey, gray (having an indistinct or disputed quality)
- harmaa alue ― grey area
- harmaa talous ― shadow economy, economic activity "off the books" (literally, “the grey economy”)
Declension
| Inflection of harmaa (Kotus type 17/vapaa, no gradation)
|
| nominative
|
harmaa
|
harmaat
|
| genitive
|
harmaan
|
harmaiden
harmaitten
|
| partitive
|
harmaata
|
harmaita
|
| illative
|
harmaaseen
|
harmaisiin
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
harmaa
|
harmaat
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
harmaa
|
harmaat
|
| gen.
|
harmaan
|
| genitive
|
harmaan
|
harmaiden
harmaitten
|
| partitive
|
harmaata
|
harmaita
|
| inessive
|
harmaassa
|
harmaissa
|
| elative
|
harmaasta
|
harmaista
|
| illative
|
harmaaseen
|
harmaisiin
harmaihin rare
|
| adessive
|
harmaalla
|
harmailla
|
| ablative
|
harmaalta
|
harmailta
|
| allative
|
harmaalle
|
harmaille
|
| essive
|
harmaana
|
harmaina
|
| translative
|
harmaaksi
|
harmaiksi
|
| abessive
|
harmaatta
|
harmaitta
|
| instructive
|
—
|
harmain
|
| comitative
|
— |
harmaine
|
| Rare. Only used with substantive adjectives.
|
| first-person singular possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
harmaani
|
harmaani
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
harmaani
|
harmaani
|
| gen.
|
harmaani
|
| genitive
|
harmaani
|
harmaideni
harmaitteni
|
| partitive
|
harmaatani
|
harmaitani
|
| inessive
|
harmaassani
|
harmaissani
|
| elative
|
harmaastani
|
harmaistani
|
| illative
|
harmaaseeni
|
harmaisiini
harmaihini rare
|
| adessive
|
harmaallani
|
harmaillani
|
| ablative
|
harmaaltani
|
harmailtani
|
| allative
|
harmaalleni
|
harmailleni
|
| essive
|
harmaanani
|
harmainani
|
| translative
|
harmaakseni
|
harmaikseni
|
| abessive
|
harmaattani
|
harmaittani
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
harmaineni
|
| second-person singular possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
harmaasi
|
harmaasi
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
harmaasi
|
harmaasi
|
| gen.
|
harmaasi
|
| genitive
|
harmaasi
|
harmaidesi
harmaittesi
|
| partitive
|
harmaatasi
|
harmaitasi
|
| inessive
|
harmaassasi
|
harmaissasi
|
| elative
|
harmaastasi
|
harmaistasi
|
| illative
|
harmaaseesi
|
harmaisiisi
harmaihisi rare
|
| adessive
|
harmaallasi
|
harmaillasi
|
| ablative
|
harmaaltasi
|
harmailtasi
|
| allative
|
harmaallesi
|
harmaillesi
|
| essive
|
harmaanasi
|
harmainasi
|
| translative
|
harmaaksesi
|
harmaiksesi
|
| abessive
|
harmaattasi
|
harmaittasi
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
harmainesi
|
| first-person plural possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
harmaamme
|
harmaamme
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
harmaamme
|
harmaamme
|
| gen.
|
harmaamme
|
| genitive
|
harmaamme
|
harmaidemme
harmaittemme
|
| partitive
|
harmaatamme
|
harmaitamme
|
| inessive
|
harmaassamme
|
harmaissamme
|
| elative
|
harmaastamme
|
harmaistamme
|
| illative
|
harmaaseemme
|
harmaisiimme
harmaihimme rare
|
| adessive
|
harmaallamme
|
harmaillamme
|
| ablative
|
harmaaltamme
|
harmailtamme
|
| allative
|
harmaallemme
|
harmaillemme
|
| essive
|
harmaanamme
|
harmainamme
|
| translative
|
harmaaksemme
|
harmaiksemme
|
| abessive
|
harmaattamme
|
harmaittamme
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
harmainemme
|
| second-person plural possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
harmaanne
|
harmaanne
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
harmaanne
|
harmaanne
|
| gen.
|
harmaanne
|
| genitive
|
harmaanne
|
harmaidenne
harmaittenne
|
| partitive
|
harmaatanne
|
harmaitanne
|
| inessive
|
harmaassanne
|
harmaissanne
|
| elative
|
harmaastanne
|
harmaistanne
|
| illative
|
harmaaseenne
|
harmaisiinne
harmaihinne rare
|
| adessive
|
harmaallanne
|
harmaillanne
|
| ablative
|
harmaaltanne
|
harmailtanne
|
| allative
|
harmaallenne
|
harmaillenne
|
| essive
|
harmaananne
|
harmainanne
|
| translative
|
harmaaksenne
|
harmaiksenne
|
| abessive
|
harmaattanne
|
harmaittanne
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
harmainenne
|
| third-person possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
harmaansa
|
harmaansa
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
harmaansa
|
harmaansa
|
| gen.
|
harmaansa
|
| genitive
|
harmaansa
|
harmaidensa
harmaittensa
|
| partitive
|
harmaataan
harmaatansa
|
harmaitaan
harmaitansa
|
| inessive
|
harmaassaan
harmaassansa
|
harmaissaan
harmaissansa
|
| elative
|
harmaastaan
harmaastansa
|
harmaistaan
harmaistansa
|
| illative
|
harmaaseensa
|
harmaisiinsa
harmaihinsa rare
|
| adessive
|
harmaallaan
harmaallansa
|
harmaillaan
harmaillansa
|
| ablative
|
harmaaltaan
harmaaltansa
|
harmailtaan
harmailtansa
|
| allative
|
harmaalleen
harmaallensa
|
harmailleen
harmaillensa
|
| essive
|
harmaanaan
harmaanansa
|
harmainaan
harmainansa
|
| translative
|
harmaakseen
harmaaksensa
|
harmaikseen
harmaiksensa
|
| abessive
|
harmaattaan
harmaattansa
|
harmaittaan
harmaittansa
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
harmaineen
harmainensa
|
|
Derived terms
Descendants
See also
Noun
harmaa
- The colour grey/gray.
- (colloquial, in the plural) a gray suit of clothes; especially a Finnish army uniform
Declension
| Inflection of harmaa (Kotus type 17/vapaa, no gradation)
|
| nominative
|
harmaa
|
harmaat
|
| genitive
|
harmaan
|
harmaiden
harmaitten
|
| partitive
|
harmaata
|
harmaita
|
| illative
|
harmaaseen
|
harmaisiin
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
harmaa
|
harmaat
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
harmaa
|
harmaat
|
| gen.
|
harmaan
|
| genitive
|
harmaan
|
harmaiden
harmaitten
|
| partitive
|
harmaata
|
harmaita
|
| inessive
|
harmaassa
|
harmaissa
|
| elative
|
harmaasta
|
harmaista
|
| illative
|
harmaaseen
|
harmaisiin
harmaihin rare
|
| adessive
|
harmaalla
|
harmailla
|
| ablative
|
harmaalta
|
harmailta
|
| allative
|
harmaalle
|
harmaille
|
| essive
|
harmaana
|
harmaina
|
| translative
|
harmaaksi
|
harmaiksi
|
| abessive
|
harmaatta
|
harmaitta
|
| instructive
|
—
|
harmain
|
| comitative
|
See the possessive forms below.
|
| first-person singular possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
harmaani
|
harmaani
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
harmaani
|
harmaani
|
| gen.
|
harmaani
|
| genitive
|
harmaani
|
harmaideni
harmaitteni
|
| partitive
|
harmaatani
|
harmaitani
|
| inessive
|
harmaassani
|
harmaissani
|
| elative
|
harmaastani
|
harmaistani
|
| illative
|
harmaaseeni
|
harmaisiini
harmaihini rare
|
| adessive
|
harmaallani
|
harmaillani
|
| ablative
|
harmaaltani
|
harmailtani
|
| allative
|
harmaalleni
|
harmailleni
|
| essive
|
harmaanani
|
harmainani
|
| translative
|
harmaakseni
|
harmaikseni
|
| abessive
|
harmaattani
|
harmaittani
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
harmaineni
|
| second-person singular possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
harmaasi
|
harmaasi
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
harmaasi
|
harmaasi
|
| gen.
|
harmaasi
|
| genitive
|
harmaasi
|
harmaidesi
harmaittesi
|
| partitive
|
harmaatasi
|
harmaitasi
|
| inessive
|
harmaassasi
|
harmaissasi
|
| elative
|
harmaastasi
|
harmaistasi
|
| illative
|
harmaaseesi
|
harmaisiisi
harmaihisi rare
|
| adessive
|
harmaallasi
|
harmaillasi
|
| ablative
|
harmaaltasi
|
harmailtasi
|
| allative
|
harmaallesi
|
harmaillesi
|
| essive
|
harmaanasi
|
harmainasi
|
| translative
|
harmaaksesi
|
harmaiksesi
|
| abessive
|
harmaattasi
|
harmaittasi
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
harmainesi
|
| first-person plural possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
harmaamme
|
harmaamme
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
harmaamme
|
harmaamme
|
| gen.
|
harmaamme
|
| genitive
|
harmaamme
|
harmaidemme
harmaittemme
|
| partitive
|
harmaatamme
|
harmaitamme
|
| inessive
|
harmaassamme
|
harmaissamme
|
| elative
|
harmaastamme
|
harmaistamme
|
| illative
|
harmaaseemme
|
harmaisiimme
harmaihimme rare
|
| adessive
|
harmaallamme
|
harmaillamme
|
| ablative
|
harmaaltamme
|
harmailtamme
|
| allative
|
harmaallemme
|
harmaillemme
|
| essive
|
harmaanamme
|
harmainamme
|
| translative
|
harmaaksemme
|
harmaiksemme
|
| abessive
|
harmaattamme
|
harmaittamme
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
harmainemme
|
| second-person plural possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
harmaanne
|
harmaanne
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
harmaanne
|
harmaanne
|
| gen.
|
harmaanne
|
| genitive
|
harmaanne
|
harmaidenne
harmaittenne
|
| partitive
|
harmaatanne
|
harmaitanne
|
| inessive
|
harmaassanne
|
harmaissanne
|
| elative
|
harmaastanne
|
harmaistanne
|
| illative
|
harmaaseenne
|
harmaisiinne
harmaihinne rare
|
| adessive
|
harmaallanne
|
harmaillanne
|
| ablative
|
harmaaltanne
|
harmailtanne
|
| allative
|
harmaallenne
|
harmaillenne
|
| essive
|
harmaananne
|
harmainanne
|
| translative
|
harmaaksenne
|
harmaiksenne
|
| abessive
|
harmaattanne
|
harmaittanne
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
harmainenne
|
| third-person possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
harmaansa
|
harmaansa
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
harmaansa
|
harmaansa
|
| gen.
|
harmaansa
|
| genitive
|
harmaansa
|
harmaidensa
harmaittensa
|
| partitive
|
harmaataan
harmaatansa
|
harmaitaan
harmaitansa
|
| inessive
|
harmaassaan
harmaassansa
|
harmaissaan
harmaissansa
|
| elative
|
harmaastaan
harmaastansa
|
harmaistaan
harmaistansa
|
| illative
|
harmaaseensa
|
harmaisiinsa
harmaihinsa rare
|
| adessive
|
harmaallaan
harmaallansa
|
harmaillaan
harmaillansa
|
| ablative
|
harmaaltaan
harmaaltansa
|
harmailtaan
harmailtansa
|
| allative
|
harmaalleen
harmaallensa
|
harmailleen
harmaillensa
|
| essive
|
harmaanaan
harmaanansa
|
harmainaan
harmainansa
|
| translative
|
harmaakseen
harmaaksensa
|
harmaikseen
harmaiksensa
|
| abessive
|
harmaattaan
harmaattansa
|
harmaittaan
harmaittansa
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
harmaineen
harmainensa
|
|
Further reading
Anagrams
Ingrian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *harmaga. Cognates include Finnish harmaa and dialectal Estonian arm.
Pronunciation
Noun
harmaa
- grey
Adjective
harmaa (comparative harmaamp)
- grey
1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 62:Kesäl ono ruskia. Talveel ono harmaa.- In the summer it's brown. In the winter it's grey.
Declension
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
harmaa
|
harmaat
|
| genitive
|
harmaan
|
harmain
|
| partitive
|
harmaata
|
harmaita
|
| illative
|
harmaasse
|
harmaisse
|
| inessive
|
harmaas
|
harmais
|
| elative
|
harmaast
|
harmaist
|
| allative
|
harmaalle
|
harmaille
|
| adessive
|
harmaal
|
harmail
|
| ablative
|
harmaalt
|
harmailt
|
| translative
|
harmaaks
|
harmaiks
|
| essive
|
harmaanna, harmaan
|
harmainna, harmain
|
| exessive1)
|
harmaant
|
harmaint
|
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.
|
Derived terms
See also
References
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 47
- Arvo Laanest (1997) Isuri keele Hevaha murde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut, page 31