hlela
Swazi
Verb
-hlela
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Xhosa
Verb
-hlela
- (transitive) to edit
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Derived terms
Zulu
Verb
-hlela
- (transitive) to adjust, to arrange, to organize, to put in order
- (transitive) to flatten, to level, to smooth
- (transitive) to edit
- (transitive) to conjugate
Inflection
| positive | negative | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | ukuhlela | ukungahleli | ||||
| imperative | ||||||
| simple | + object concord | |||||
| singular | hlela | -hlele | ||||
| plural | hlelani | -hleleni | ||||
| present | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyahlela, ngihlela | engihlelayo, engihlela | ngihlela | angihleli | engingahleli | ngingahleli |
| 2nd singular | uyahlela, uhlela | ohlelayo, ohlela | uhlela | awuhleli | ongahleli | ungahleli |
| 1st plural | siyahlela, sihlela | esihlelayo, esihlela | sihlela | asihleli | esingahleli | singahleli |
| 2nd plural | niyahlela, nihlela | enihlelayo, enihlela | nihlela | anihleli | eningahleli | ningahleli |
| class 1 | uyahlela, uhlela | ohlelayo, ohlela | ehlela | akahleli | ongahleli | engahleli |
| class 2 | bayahlela, bahlela | abahlelayo, abahlela | behlela | abahleli | abangahleli | bengahleli |
| class 3 | uyahlela, uhlela | ohlelayo, ohlela | uhlela | awuhleli | ongahleli | ungahleli |
| class 4 | iyahlela, ihlela | ehlelayo, ehlela | ihlela | ayihleli | engahleli | ingahleli |
| class 5 | liyahlela, lihlela | elihlelayo, elihlela | lihlela | alihleli | elingahleli | lingahleli |
| class 6 | ayahlela, ahlela | ahlelayo, ahlela | ehlela | awahleli | angahleli | engahleli |
| class 7 | siyahlela, sihlela | esihlelayo, esihlela | sihlela | asihleli | esingahleli | singahleli |
| class 8 | ziyahlela, zihlela | ezihlelayo, ezihlela | zihlela | azihleli | ezingahleli | zingahleli |
| class 9 | iyahlela, ihlela | ehlelayo, ehlela | ihlela | ayihleli | engahleli | ingahleli |
| class 10 | ziyahlela, zihlela | ezihlelayo, ezihlela | zihlela | azihleli | ezingahleli | zingahleli |
| class 11 | luyahlela, luhlela | oluhlelayo, oluhlela | luhlela | aluhleli | olungahleli | lungahleli |
| class 14 | buyahlela, buhlela | obuhlelayo, obuhlela | buhlela | abuhleli | obungahleli | bungahleli |
| class 15 | kuyahlela, kuhlela | okuhlelayo, okuhlela | kuhlela | akuhleli | okungahleli | kungahleli |
| class 17 | kuyahlela, kuhlela | okuhlelayo, okuhlela | kuhlela | akuhleli | okungahleli | kungahleli |
| recent past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngihlelile, ngihlelē | engihlelile, engihlelē | ngihlelile, ngihlelē | angihlelanga | engingahlelanga | ngingahlelanga |
| 2nd singular | uhlelile, uhlelē | ohlelile, ohlelē | uhlelile, uhlelē | awuhlelanga | ongahlelanga | ungahlelanga |
| 1st plural | sihlelile, sihlelē | esihlelile, esihlelē | sihlelile, sihlelē | asihlelanga | esingahlelanga | singahlelanga |
| 2nd plural | nihlelile, nihlelē | enihlelile, enihlelē | nihlelile, nihlelē | anihlelanga | eningahlelanga | ningahlelanga |
| class 1 | uhlelile, uhlelē | ohlelile, ohlelē | ehlelile, ehlelē | akahlelanga | ongahlelanga | engahlelanga |
| class 2 | bahlelile, bahlelē | abahlelile, abahlelē | behlelile, behlelē | abahlelanga | abangahlelanga | bengahlelanga |
| class 3 | uhlelile, uhlelē | ohlelile, ohlelē | uhlelile, uhlelē | awuhlelanga | ongahlelanga | ungahlelanga |
| class 4 | ihlelile, ihlelē | ehlelile, ehlelē | ihlelile, ihlelē | ayihlelanga | engahlelanga | ingahlelanga |
| class 5 | lihlelile, lihlelē | elihlelile, elihlelē | lihlelile, lihlelē | alihlelanga | elingahlelanga | lingahlelanga |
| class 6 | ahlelile, ahlelē | ahlelile, ahlelē | ehlelile, ehlelē | awahlelanga | angahlelanga | engahlelanga |
| class 7 | sihlelile, sihlelē | esihlelile, esihlelē | sihlelile, sihlelē | asihlelanga | esingahlelanga | singahlelanga |
| class 8 | zihlelile, zihlelē | ezihlelile, ezihlelē | zihlelile, zihlelē | azihlelanga | ezingahlelanga | zingahlelanga |
| class 9 | ihlelile, ihlelē | ehlelile, ehlelē | ihlelile, ihlelē | ayihlelanga | engahlelanga | ingahlelanga |
| class 10 | zihlelile, zihlelē | ezihlelile, ezihlelē | zihlelile, zihlelē | azihlelanga | ezingahlelanga | zingahlelanga |
| class 11 | luhlelile, luhlelē | oluhlelile, oluhlelē | luhlelile, luhlelē | aluhlelanga | olungahlelanga | lungahlelanga |
| class 14 | buhlelile, buhlelē | obuhlelile, obuhlelē | buhlelile, buhlelē | abuhlelanga | obungahlelanga | bungahlelanga |
| class 15 | kuhlelile, kuhlelē | okuhlelile, okuhlelē | kuhlelile, kuhlelē | akuhlelanga | okungahlelanga | kungahlelanga |
| class 17 | kuhlelile, kuhlelē | okuhlelile, okuhlelē | kuhlelile, kuhlelē | akuhlelanga | okungahlelanga | kungahlelanga |
| remote past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngāhlela | engāhlela | ngāhlela | angihlelanga | engingahlelanga | ngingahlelanga |
| 2nd singular | wāhlela | owāhlela | wāhlela | awuhlelanga | ongahlelanga | ungahlelanga |
| 1st plural | sāhlela | esāhlela | sāhlela | asihlelanga | esingahlelanga | singahlelanga |
| 2nd plural | nāhlela | enāhlela | nāhlela | anihlelanga | eningahlelanga | ningahlelanga |
| class 1 | wāhlela | owāhlela | āhlela | akahlelanga | ongahlelanga | engahlelanga |
| class 2 | bāhlela | abāhlela | bāhlela | abahlelanga | abangahlelanga | bengahlelanga |
| class 3 | wāhlela | owāhlela | wāhlela | awuhlelanga | ongahlelanga | ungahlelanga |
| class 4 | yāhlela | eyāhlela | yāhlela | ayihlelanga | engahlelanga | ingahlelanga |
| class 5 | lāhlela | elāhlela | lāhlela | alihlelanga | elingahlelanga | lingahlelanga |
| class 6 | āhlela | āhlela | āhlela | awahlelanga | angahlelanga | engahlelanga |
| class 7 | sāhlela | esāhlela | sāhlela | asihlelanga | esingahlelanga | singahlelanga |
| class 8 | zāhlela | ezāhlela | zāhlela | azihlelanga | ezingahlelanga | zingahlelanga |
| class 9 | yāhlela | eyāhlela | yāhlela | ayihlelanga | engahlelanga | ingahlelanga |
| class 10 | zāhlela | ezāhlela | zāhlela | azihlelanga | ezingahlelanga | zingahlelanga |
| class 11 | lwāhlela | olwāhlela | lwāhlela | aluhlelanga | olungahlelanga | lungahlelanga |
| class 14 | bāhlela | obāhlela | bāhlela | abuhlelanga | obungahlelanga | bungahlelanga |
| class 15 | kwāhlela | okwāhlela | kwāhlela | akuhlelanga | okungahlelanga | kungahlelanga |
| class 17 | kwāhlela | okwāhlela | kwāhlela | akuhlelanga | okungahlelanga | kungahlelanga |
| potential | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngingahlela | — | ngingahlela | ngingehlele | — | ngingehlele |
| 2nd singular | ungahlela | — | ungahlela | ungehlele | — | ungehlele |
| 1st plural | singahlela | — | singahlela | singehlele | — | singehlele |
| 2nd plural | ningahlela | — | ningahlela | ningehlele | — | ningehlele |
| class 1 | angahlela | — | engahlela | angehlele | — | engehlele |
| class 2 | bangahlela | — | bengahlela | bangehlele | — | bengehlele |
| class 3 | ungahlela | — | ungahlela | ungehlele | — | ungehlele |
| class 4 | ingahlela | — | ingahlela | ingehlele | — | ingehlele |
| class 5 | lingahlela | — | lingahlela | lingehlele | — | lingehlele |
| class 6 | angahlela | — | engahlela | angehlele | — | engehlele |
| class 7 | singahlela | — | singahlela | singehlele | — | singehlele |
| class 8 | zingahlela | — | zingahlela | zingehlele | — | zingehlele |
| class 9 | ingahlela | — | ingahlela | ingehlele | — | ingehlele |
| class 10 | zingahlela | — | zingahlela | zingehlele | — | zingehlele |
| class 11 | lungahlela | — | lungahlela | lungehlele | — | lungehlele |
| class 14 | bungahlela | — | bungahlela | bungehlele | — | bungehlele |
| class 15 | kungahlela | — | kungahlela | kungehlele | — | kungehlele |
| class 17 | kungahlela | — | kungahlela | kungehlele | — | kungehlele |
| immediate future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngizohlela | engizohlela | ngizohlela | angizuhlela | engingezuhlela | ngingezuhlela |
| 2nd singular | uzohlela | ozohlela | uzohlela | awuzuhlela | ongezuhlela | ungezuhlela |
| 1st plural | sizohlela | esizohlela | sizohlela | asizuhlela | esingezuhlela | singezuhlela |
| 2nd plural | nizohlela | enizohlela | nizohlela | anizuhlela | eningezuhlela | ningezuhlela |
| class 1 | uzohlela | ozohlela | ezohlela | akazuhlela | ongezuhlela | engezuhlela |
| class 2 | bazohlela | abazohlela | bezohlela | abazuhlela | abangezuhlela | bengezuhlela |
| class 3 | uzohlela | ozohlela | uzohlela | awuzuhlela | ongezuhlela | ungezuhlela |
| class 4 | izohlela | ezohlela | izohlela | ayizuhlela | engezuhlela | ingezuhlela |
| class 5 | lizohlela | elizohlela | lizohlela | alizuhlela | elingezuhlela | lingezuhlela |
| class 6 | azohlela | azohlela | ezohlela | awazuhlela | angezuhlela | engezuhlela |
| class 7 | sizohlela | esizohlela | sizohlela | asizuhlela | esingezuhlela | singezuhlela |
| class 8 | zizohlela | ezizohlela | zizohlela | azizuhlela | ezingezuhlela | zingezuhlela |
| class 9 | izohlela | ezohlela | izohlela | ayizuhlela | engezuhlela | ingezuhlela |
| class 10 | zizohlela | ezizohlela | zizohlela | azizuhlela | ezingezuhlela | zingezuhlela |
| class 11 | luzohlela | oluzohlela | luzohlela | aluzuhlela | olungezuhlela | lungezuhlela |
| class 14 | buzohlela | obuzohlela | buzohlela | abuzuhlela | obungezuhlela | bungezuhlela |
| class 15 | kuzohlela | okuzohlela | kuzohlela | akuzuhlela | okungezuhlela | kungezuhlela |
| class 17 | kuzohlela | okuzohlela | kuzohlela | akuzuhlela | okungezuhlela | kungezuhlela |
| remote future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyohlela | engiyohlela | ngiyohlela | angiyuhlela | engingeyuhlela | ngingeyuhlela |
| 2nd singular | uyohlela | oyohlela | uyohlela | awuyuhlela | ongeyuhlela | ungeyuhlela |
| 1st plural | siyohlela | esiyohlela | siyohlela | asiyuhlela | esingeyuhlela | singeyuhlela |
| 2nd plural | niyohlela | eniyohlela | niyohlela | aniyuhlela | eningeyuhlela | ningeyuhlela |
| class 1 | uyohlela | oyohlela | eyohlela | akayuhlela | ongeyuhlela | engeyuhlela |
| class 2 | bayohlela | abayohlela | beyohlela | abayuhlela | abangeyuhlela | bengeyuhlela |
| class 3 | uyohlela | oyohlela | uyohlela | awuyuhlela | ongeyuhlela | ungeyuhlela |
| class 4 | iyohlela | eyohlela | iyohlela | ayiyuhlela | engeyuhlela | ingeyuhlela |
| class 5 | liyohlela | eliyohlela | liyohlela | aliyuhlela | elingeyuhlela | lingeyuhlela |
| class 6 | ayohlela | ayohlela | eyohlela | awayuhlela | angeyuhlela | engeyuhlela |
| class 7 | siyohlela | esiyohlela | siyohlela | asiyuhlela | esingeyuhlela | singeyuhlela |
| class 8 | ziyohlela | eziyohlela | ziyohlela | aziyuhlela | ezingeyuhlela | zingeyuhlela |
| class 9 | iyohlela | eyohlela | iyohlela | ayiyuhlela | engeyuhlela | ingeyuhlela |
| class 10 | ziyohlela | eziyohlela | ziyohlela | aziyuhlela | ezingeyuhlela | zingeyuhlela |
| class 11 | luyohlela | oluyohlela | luyohlela | aluyuhlela | olungeyuhlela | lungeyuhlela |
| class 14 | buyohlela | obuyohlela | buyohlela | abuyuhlela | obungeyuhlela | bungeyuhlela |
| class 15 | kuyohlela | okuyohlela | kuyohlela | akuyuhlela | okungeyuhlela | kungeyuhlela |
| class 17 | kuyohlela | okuyohlela | kuyohlela | akuyuhlela | okungeyuhlela | kungeyuhlela |
| present subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngihlele | ngingahleli | ||||
| 2nd singular | uhlele | ungahleli | ||||
| 1st plural | sihlele | singahleli | ||||
| 2nd plural | nihlele | ningahleli | ||||
| class 1 | ahlele | angahleli | ||||
| class 2 | bahlele | bangahleli | ||||
| class 3 | uhlele | ungahleli | ||||
| class 4 | ihlele | ingahleli | ||||
| class 5 | lihlele | lingahleli | ||||
| class 6 | ahlele | angahleli | ||||
| class 7 | sihlele | singahleli | ||||
| class 8 | zihlele | zingahleli | ||||
| class 9 | ihlele | ingahleli | ||||
| class 10 | zihlele | zingahleli | ||||
| class 11 | luhlele | lungahleli | ||||
| class 14 | buhlele | bungahleli | ||||
| class 15 | kuhlele | kungahleli | ||||
| class 17 | kuhlele | kungahleli | ||||
| past subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngahlela | ngangahlela, angahlela, angangahlela | ||||
| 2nd singular | wahlela | wangahlela, awahlela, awangahlela | ||||
| 1st plural | sahlela | sangahlela, asahlela, asangahlela | ||||
| 2nd plural | nahlela | nangahlela, anahlela, anangahlela | ||||
| class 1 | wahlela | wangahlela, akahlela, akangahlela | ||||
| class 2 | bahlela | bangahlela, abahlela, abangahlela | ||||
| class 3 | wahlela | wangahlela, awahlela, awangahlela | ||||
| class 4 | yahlela | yangahlela, ayahlela, ayangahlela | ||||
| class 5 | lahlela | langahlela, alahlela, alangahlela | ||||
| class 6 | ahlela | angahlela, awahlela, awangahlela | ||||
| class 7 | sahlela | sangahlela, asahlela, asangahlela | ||||
| class 8 | zahlela | zangahlela, azahlela, azangahlela | ||||
| class 9 | yahlela | yangahlela, ayahlela, ayangahlela | ||||
| class 10 | zahlela | zangahlela, azahlela, azangahlela | ||||
| class 11 | lwahlela | lwangahlela, alwahlela, alwangahlela | ||||
| class 14 | bahlela | bangahlela, abahlela, abangahlela | ||||
| class 15 | kwahlela | kwangahlela, akwahlela, akwangahlela | ||||
| class 17 | kwahlela | kwangahlela, akwahlela, akwangahlela | ||||
References
- C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “hlela”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “hlela (6.3)”