ibar

Basque

Etymology

From Proto-Basque *ibar.

Pronunciation

  • Audio:(file)
  • IPA(key): /ibar/ [i.β̞ar]
  • Rhymes: -ibar, -ar
  • Hyphenation: i‧bar

Noun

ibar inan

  1. valley

Declension

Declension of ibar (inanimate, ending in -r)
indefinite singular plural
absolutive ibar ibarra ibarrak
ergative ibarrek ibarrak ibarrek
dative ibarri ibarrari ibarrei
genitive ibarren ibarraren ibarren
comitative ibarrekin ibarrarekin ibarrekin
causative ibarrengatik ibarrarengatik ibarrengatik
benefactive ibarrentzat ibarrarentzat ibarrentzat
instrumental ibarrez ibarraz ibarrez
inessive ibarretan ibarrean ibarretan
locative ibarretako ibarreko ibarretako
allative ibarretara ibarrera ibarretara
terminative ibarretaraino ibarreraino ibarretaraino
directive ibarretarantz ibarrerantz ibarretarantz
destinative ibarretarako ibarrerako ibarretarako
ablative ibarretatik ibarretik ibarretatik
partitive ibarrik — —
prolative ibartzat — —

Synonyms

Further reading

  • “ibar”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque), Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]
  • “ibar”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

Dupaningan Agta

Noun

ibar

  1. saliva; spit

Latin

Verb

ībar

  1. first-person singular imperfect passive indicative of eō

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *eburos. Cognate with Middle Welsh efwr (“hogweed”).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈi.βər/, [ˈiβar]

Noun

ibar m (genitive ibair, nominative plural ibair)

  1. yew

Inflection

Masculine o-stem
singular dual plural
nominative ibar ibarL ibairL
vocative ibair ibarL ibruH
accusative ibarN ibarL ibruH
genitive ibairL ibar ibarN
dative iburL ibraib ibraib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

  • Irish: iúr, iobhar (obsolete), úr
  • Manx: euar
  • Scottish Gaelic: iubhar

Mutation

Mutation of ibar
radical lenition nasalization
ibar
(pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)		 ibar n-ibar

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*eburo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 112-113

Further reading

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