intelligentsia

English

Etymology

From Russian интеллиге́нция (intelligéncija) or Polish inteligencja, from Latin intellegentia (intelligence). Doublet of intelligence.

Pronunciation

Noun

intelligentsia (countable and uncountable, plural intelligentsias)

  1. (politics) The intellectual elite of a society, particularly in Marxist doctrine.
    • 1967 [1899], Vladimir Lenin, “Попятное направление в русской социал-демократии”, in Ленин В. И. ― Полное собрание сочинений, volume 4, page 269; English translation from “A Retrograde Trend in Russian Social-Democracy”, in Lenin's Collected Works, volume 4, translation of original in Russian, 1977, pages 280-281:
      [] real heroes are coming to the fore from amongst the workers, who, despite their wretched living conditions, despite the stultifying penal servitude of factory labour, possess so much character and will-power that they study, study, study, and turn themselves into conscious Social-Democrats — "the working-class intelligentsia." This "working-class intelligentsia" already exists in Russia, and we must make every effort to ensure that its ranks are regularly reinforced, that its lofty mental requirements are met and that leaders of the Russian Social-Democratic Labour Party come from its ranks.
      [original: [] среди рабочих растет страстное стремление к знанию и к социализму, среди рабочих выделяются настоящие герои, которые — несмотря на безобразную обстановку своей жизни, несмотря на отупляющую каторжную работу на фабрике, — находят в себе столько характера и силы воли, чтобы учиться, учиться и учиться и вырабатывать из себя сознательных социалдемократов, «рабочую интеллигенцию». В России уже есть эта «рабочая интеллигенция», и мы должны приложить все усилия к тому, чтобы ее ряды постоянно расширялись, чтобы ее высокие умственные запросы вполне удовлетворялись, чтобы из ее рядов выходили руководители русской социал-демократической рабочей партии.]
      [] sredi rabočix rastet strastnoje stremlenije k znaniju i k socializmu, sredi rabočix vydeljajutsja nastojaščije geroi, kotoryje — nesmotrja na bezobraznuju obstanovku svojej žizni, nesmotrja na otupljajuščuju katoržnuju rabotu na fabrike, — naxodjat v sebe stolʹko xaraktera i sily voli, štoby učitʹsja, učitʹsja i učitʹsja i vyrabatyvatʹ iz sebja soznatelʹnyx socialdemokratov, «rabočuju intelligenciju». V Rossii uže jestʹ eta «rabočaja intelligencija», i my dolžny priložitʹ vse usilija k tomu, štoby jeje rjady postojanno rasširjalisʹ, štoby jeje vysokije umstvennyje zaprosy vpolne udovletvorjalisʹ, štoby iz jeje rjadov vyxodili rukovoditeli russkoj social-demokratičeskoj rabočej partii.
    • 1941, George Orwell, The Lion and the Unicorn:
      It should be noted that there is now no intelligentsia that is not in some sense "Left". Perhaps the last right-wing intellectual was T. E. Lawrence. Since about 1930 everyone describable as an “intellectual” has lived in a state of chronic discontent with the existing order.

Translations

References

  1. ^ intelligentsia”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
  2. ^ Oxford English Dictionary (2007)

Danish

Etymology

From Russian интеллиге́нция (intelligéncija), from Italian intellighenzia, from Latin intelligentia.

Noun

intelligentsia c (singular definite intelligentsiaen, plural indefinite intelligentsiaer)

  1. intelligentsia

Inflection

Declension of intelligentsia
common
gender
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative intelligentsia intelligentsiaen intelligentsiaer intelligentsiaerne
genitive intelligentsias intelligentsiaens intelligentsiaers intelligentsiaernes

Synonyms

Finnish

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian интеллиге́нция (intelligéncija), from Italian intellighenzia, from Latin intelligentia.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈintelːiɡentsiɑ/, [ˈin̪t̪e̞lːiˌɡe̞n.ts̠iɑ̝]
  • Rhymes: -en.tsiɑ
  • Syllabification(key): in‧tel‧li‧gent‧si‧a
  • Hyphenation(key): in‧tel‧li‧gent‧sia

Noun

intelligentsia

  1. intelligentsia

Declension

Inflection of intelligentsia (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation)
nominative intelligentsia intelligentsiat
genitive intelligentsian intelligentsioiden
intelligentsioitten
partitive intelligentsiaa intelligentsioita
illative intelligentsiaan intelligentsioihin
singular plural
nominative intelligentsia intelligentsiat
accusative nom. intelligentsia intelligentsiat
gen. intelligentsian
genitive intelligentsian intelligentsioiden
intelligentsioitten
intelligentsiain rare
partitive intelligentsiaa intelligentsioita
inessive intelligentsiassa intelligentsioissa
elative intelligentsiasta intelligentsioista
illative intelligentsiaan intelligentsioihin
adessive intelligentsialla intelligentsioilla
ablative intelligentsialta intelligentsioilta
allative intelligentsialle intelligentsioille
essive intelligentsiana intelligentsioina
translative intelligentsiaksi intelligentsioiksi
abessive intelligentsiatta intelligentsioitta
instructive intelligentsioin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of intelligentsia (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative intelligentsiani intelligentsiani
accusative nom. intelligentsiani intelligentsiani
gen. intelligentsiani
genitive intelligentsiani intelligentsioideni
intelligentsioitteni
intelligentsiaini rare
partitive intelligentsiaani intelligentsioitani
inessive intelligentsiassani intelligentsioissani
elative intelligentsiastani intelligentsioistani
illative intelligentsiaani intelligentsioihini
adessive intelligentsiallani intelligentsioillani
ablative intelligentsialtani intelligentsioiltani
allative intelligentsialleni intelligentsioilleni
essive intelligentsianani intelligentsioinani
translative intelligentsiakseni intelligentsioikseni
abessive intelligentsiattani intelligentsioittani
instructive
comitative intelligentsioineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative intelligentsiasi intelligentsiasi
accusative nom. intelligentsiasi intelligentsiasi
gen. intelligentsiasi
genitive intelligentsiasi intelligentsioidesi
intelligentsioittesi
intelligentsiaisi rare
partitive intelligentsiaasi intelligentsioitasi
inessive intelligentsiassasi intelligentsioissasi
elative intelligentsiastasi intelligentsioistasi
illative intelligentsiaasi intelligentsioihisi
adessive intelligentsiallasi intelligentsioillasi
ablative intelligentsialtasi intelligentsioiltasi
allative intelligentsiallesi intelligentsioillesi
essive intelligentsianasi intelligentsioinasi
translative intelligentsiaksesi intelligentsioiksesi
abessive intelligentsiattasi intelligentsioittasi
instructive
comitative intelligentsioinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative intelligentsiamme intelligentsiamme
accusative nom. intelligentsiamme intelligentsiamme
gen. intelligentsiamme
genitive intelligentsiamme intelligentsioidemme
intelligentsioittemme
intelligentsiaimme rare
partitive intelligentsiaamme intelligentsioitamme
inessive intelligentsiassamme intelligentsioissamme
elative intelligentsiastamme intelligentsioistamme
illative intelligentsiaamme intelligentsioihimme
adessive intelligentsiallamme intelligentsioillamme
ablative intelligentsialtamme intelligentsioiltamme
allative intelligentsiallemme intelligentsioillemme
essive intelligentsianamme intelligentsioinamme
translative intelligentsiaksemme intelligentsioiksemme
abessive intelligentsiattamme intelligentsioittamme
instructive
comitative intelligentsioinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative intelligentsianne intelligentsianne
accusative nom. intelligentsianne intelligentsianne
gen. intelligentsianne
genitive intelligentsianne intelligentsioidenne
intelligentsioittenne
intelligentsiainne rare
partitive intelligentsiaanne intelligentsioitanne
inessive intelligentsiassanne intelligentsioissanne
elative intelligentsiastanne intelligentsioistanne
illative intelligentsiaanne intelligentsioihinne
adessive intelligentsiallanne intelligentsioillanne
ablative intelligentsialtanne intelligentsioiltanne
allative intelligentsiallenne intelligentsioillenne
essive intelligentsiananne intelligentsioinanne
translative intelligentsiaksenne intelligentsioiksenne
abessive intelligentsiattanne intelligentsioittanne
instructive
comitative intelligentsioinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative intelligentsiansa intelligentsiansa
accusative nom. intelligentsiansa intelligentsiansa
gen. intelligentsiansa
genitive intelligentsiansa intelligentsioidensa
intelligentsioittensa
intelligentsiainsa rare
partitive intelligentsiaansa intelligentsioitaan
intelligentsioitansa
inessive intelligentsiassaan
intelligentsiassansa
intelligentsioissaan
intelligentsioissansa
elative intelligentsiastaan
intelligentsiastansa
intelligentsioistaan
intelligentsioistansa
illative intelligentsiaansa intelligentsioihinsa
adessive intelligentsiallaan
intelligentsiallansa
intelligentsioillaan
intelligentsioillansa
ablative intelligentsialtaan
intelligentsialtansa
intelligentsioiltaan
intelligentsioiltansa
allative intelligentsialleen
intelligentsiallensa
intelligentsioilleen
intelligentsioillensa
essive intelligentsianaan
intelligentsianansa
intelligentsioinaan
intelligentsioinansa
translative intelligentsiakseen
intelligentsiaksensa
intelligentsioikseen
intelligentsioiksensa
abessive intelligentsiattaan
intelligentsiattansa
intelligentsioittaan
intelligentsioittansa
instructive
comitative intelligentsioineen
intelligentsioinensa

Synonyms

French

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /in.te.li.ʒɛnt.sja/
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

intelligentsia f (plural intelligentsias)

  1. intelligentsia

Further reading

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian интеллиге́нция (intelligéncija), from Latin intellegentia (intelligence). Doublet of inteligência.

Pronunciation

 
  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /ĩ.tɛ.liˈɡẽt.si.ɐ/ [ĩ.tɛ.liˈɡẽt.sɪ.ɐ], (faster pronunciation) /ĩ.tɛ.liˈɡẽt.sjɐ/, /ĩ.tɛ.liˈʒẽt.si.ɐ/ [ĩ.tɛ.liˈʒẽt.sɪ.ɐ], (faster pronunciation) /ĩ.tɛ.liˈʒẽt.sjɐ/
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ĩ.tɛ.liˈɡẽt.si.a/ [ĩ.tɛ.liˈɡẽt.sɪ.a], (faster pronunciation) /ĩ.tɛ.liˈɡẽt.sja/, /ĩ.tɛ.liˈʒẽt.si.a/ [ĩ.tɛ.liˈʒẽt.sɪ.a], (faster pronunciation) /ĩ.tɛ.liˈʒẽt.sja/
  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /ĩ.tɛ.liˈɡẽ.tsjɐ/ [ĩ.tɛ.liˈɣẽ.tsjɐ], /ĩ.tɛ.liˈʒẽ.tsjɐ/

Noun

intelligentsia f (plural intelligentsias)

  1. (politics) intelligentsia (the intellectual elite of a society, particularly in Marxist doctrine)

Further reading

Swedish

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Russian интеллиге́нция (intelligéncija), from Latin intellegentia (intelligence).

Noun

intelligentsia c

  1. intelligentsia

Declension

Declension of intelligentsia
nominative genitive
singular indefinite intelligentsia intelligentsias
definite intelligentsian intelligentsians
plural indefinite
definite

References