See also: Appendix:Variations of "kp"
Egyptian
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
- (verb): (reconstructed) IPA(key): /ˈkaːʀap/ → /ˈkaːʀap/ → /ˈkaːʔəp/ → /ˈkoːʔəp/
Noun
m
- shelter
c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE,
Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 41–45:
- jr.n.j ḫmtw hrw wꜥ.kw jb.j m snnw.j sḏr.kw m ẖnw n(j) kꜣp n(j) ḫt qnj.n.j šwyt
- I spent three days alone, my heart my only companion (literally, “my second”), lying inside a shelter of wood, having embraced the shadows.
Inflection
Declension of kꜣp (masculine)
| singular
|
kꜣp
|
| dual
|
kꜣpwj
|
| plural
|
kꜣpw
|
Verb
3-lit.
- (intransitive) to hide, to shelter, to take cover [since the 19th Dynasty]
- (transitive) to put a roof on
Inflection
Conjugation of kꜣp (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: kꜣp, geminated stem: kꜣpp
| infinitival forms
|
imperative
|
| infinitive
|
negatival complement
|
complementary infinitive1
|
singular
|
plural
|
kꜣp
|
kꜣpw, kꜣp
|
kꜣpt
|
kꜣp
|
kꜣp
|
| ‘pseudoverbal’ forms
|
| stative stem
|
periphrastic imperfective2
|
periphrastic prospective2
|
kꜣp
|
ḥr kꜣp
|
m kꜣp
|
r kꜣp
|
| suffix conjugation
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
contingent
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
| perfect
|
kꜣp.n
|
kꜣpw, kꜣp
|
consecutive
|
kꜣp.jn
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| terminative
|
kꜣpt
|
| perfective3
|
kꜣp
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
obligative1
|
kꜣp.ḫr
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| imperfective
|
kꜣp
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| prospective3
|
kꜣp
|
kꜣpp
|
potentialis1
|
kꜣp.kꜣ
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| subjunctive
|
kꜣp
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| verbal adjectives
|
| aspect / mood
|
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
|
participles
|
| active
|
passive
|
active
|
passive
|
| perfect
|
kꜣp.n
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
—
|
—
|
| perfective
|
kꜣp
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
kꜣp
|
kꜣp, kꜣpw5, kꜣpy5
|
| imperfective
|
kꜣp, kꜣpy, kꜣpw5
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
kꜣp, kꜣpj6, kꜣpy6
|
kꜣp, kꜣpw5
|
| prospective
|
kꜣp, kꜣptj7
|
—
|
kꜣptj4, kꜣpt4
|
1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
5 Only in the masculine singular.
6 Only in the masculine.
7 Only in the feminine.
|
Derived terms
Descendants
- Sahidic Coptic: ⲕⲱⲡ (kōp)
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
Verb
3-lit.
- (transitive) to cense, to fumigate [since the Pyramid Texts]
- c. 1800 BCE, Kahun Gynaecological Papyrus (UC 32057), page 1, line 3–4:
- jr.ḫr.k r.s kꜣp sj ḥr snṯr ḥr mrḥt mꜣt kꜣp kꜣt.s ḥr.s
- You should treat it by fumigating her with incense and fresh oil, fumigating her vulva with it.
Inflection
Conjugation of kꜣp (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: kꜣp, geminated stem: kꜣpp
| infinitival forms
|
imperative
|
| infinitive
|
negatival complement
|
complementary infinitive1
|
singular
|
plural
|
kꜣp
|
kꜣpw, kꜣp
|
kꜣpt
|
kꜣp
|
kꜣp
|
| ‘pseudoverbal’ forms
|
| stative stem
|
periphrastic imperfective2
|
periphrastic prospective2
|
kꜣp
|
ḥr kꜣp
|
m kꜣp
|
r kꜣp
|
| suffix conjugation
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
contingent
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
| perfect
|
kꜣp.n
|
kꜣpw, kꜣp
|
consecutive
|
kꜣp.jn
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| terminative
|
kꜣpt
|
| perfective3
|
kꜣp
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
obligative1
|
kꜣp.ḫr
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| imperfective
|
kꜣp
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| prospective3
|
kꜣp
|
kꜣpp
|
potentialis1
|
kꜣp.kꜣ
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| subjunctive
|
kꜣp
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| verbal adjectives
|
| aspect / mood
|
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
|
participles
|
| active
|
passive
|
active
|
passive
|
| perfect
|
kꜣp.n
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
—
|
—
|
| perfective
|
kꜣp
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
kꜣp
|
kꜣp, kꜣpw5, kꜣpy5
|
| imperfective
|
kꜣp, kꜣpy, kꜣpw5
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
kꜣp, kꜣpj6, kꜣpy6
|
kꜣp, kꜣpw5
|
| prospective
|
kꜣp, kꜣptj7
|
—
|
kꜣptj4, kꜣpt4
|
1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
5 Only in the masculine singular.
6 Only in the masculine.
7 Only in the feminine.
|
Derived terms
References
- James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 219.
- Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1931) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache[1], volume 5, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 103.9–103.15, 104.4–104.5, 104.8–104.12, 104.14–104.17