Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kaljama (related to Karelian kaljama), probably borrowed from Proto-Germanic *hēlijaz and derived with + -ma.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkɑljɑmɑ/, [ˈkɑ̝ljɑ̝mɑ̝]
- Rhymes: -ɑljɑmɑ
- Syllabification(key): kal‧ja‧ma
- Hyphenation(key): kal‧ja‧ma
Noun
kaljama
- A slippery ice cover.
- Synonym: iljanne
Declension
| Inflection of kaljama (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
|
| nominative
|
kaljama
|
kaljamat
|
| genitive
|
kaljaman
|
kaljamien
|
| partitive
|
kaljamaa
|
kaljamia
|
| illative
|
kaljamaan
|
kaljamiin
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
kaljama
|
kaljamat
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
kaljama
|
kaljamat
|
| gen.
|
kaljaman
|
| genitive
|
kaljaman
|
kaljamien
kaljamain rare
|
| partitive
|
kaljamaa
|
kaljamia
|
| inessive
|
kaljamassa
|
kaljamissa
|
| elative
|
kaljamasta
|
kaljamista
|
| illative
|
kaljamaan
|
kaljamiin
|
| adessive
|
kaljamalla
|
kaljamilla
|
| ablative
|
kaljamalta
|
kaljamilta
|
| allative
|
kaljamalle
|
kaljamille
|
| essive
|
kaljamana
|
kaljamina
|
| translative
|
kaljamaksi
|
kaljamiksi
|
| abessive
|
kaljamatta
|
kaljamitta
|
| instructive
|
—
|
kaljamin
|
| comitative
|
See the possessive forms below.
|
| first-person singular possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
kaljamani
|
kaljamani
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
kaljamani
|
kaljamani
|
| gen.
|
kaljamani
|
| genitive
|
kaljamani
|
kaljamieni
kaljamaini rare
|
| partitive
|
kaljamaani
|
kaljamiani
|
| inessive
|
kaljamassani
|
kaljamissani
|
| elative
|
kaljamastani
|
kaljamistani
|
| illative
|
kaljamaani
|
kaljamiini
|
| adessive
|
kaljamallani
|
kaljamillani
|
| ablative
|
kaljamaltani
|
kaljamiltani
|
| allative
|
kaljamalleni
|
kaljamilleni
|
| essive
|
kaljamanani
|
kaljaminani
|
| translative
|
kaljamakseni
|
kaljamikseni
|
| abessive
|
kaljamattani
|
kaljamittani
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
kaljamineni
|
| second-person singular possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
kaljamasi
|
kaljamasi
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
kaljamasi
|
kaljamasi
|
| gen.
|
kaljamasi
|
| genitive
|
kaljamasi
|
kaljamiesi
kaljamaisi rare
|
| partitive
|
kaljamaasi
|
kaljamiasi
|
| inessive
|
kaljamassasi
|
kaljamissasi
|
| elative
|
kaljamastasi
|
kaljamistasi
|
| illative
|
kaljamaasi
|
kaljamiisi
|
| adessive
|
kaljamallasi
|
kaljamillasi
|
| ablative
|
kaljamaltasi
|
kaljamiltasi
|
| allative
|
kaljamallesi
|
kaljamillesi
|
| essive
|
kaljamanasi
|
kaljaminasi
|
| translative
|
kaljamaksesi
|
kaljamiksesi
|
| abessive
|
kaljamattasi
|
kaljamittasi
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
kaljaminesi
|
| first-person plural possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
kaljamamme
|
kaljamamme
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
kaljamamme
|
kaljamamme
|
| gen.
|
kaljamamme
|
| genitive
|
kaljamamme
|
kaljamiemme
kaljamaimme rare
|
| partitive
|
kaljamaamme
|
kaljamiamme
|
| inessive
|
kaljamassamme
|
kaljamissamme
|
| elative
|
kaljamastamme
|
kaljamistamme
|
| illative
|
kaljamaamme
|
kaljamiimme
|
| adessive
|
kaljamallamme
|
kaljamillamme
|
| ablative
|
kaljamaltamme
|
kaljamiltamme
|
| allative
|
kaljamallemme
|
kaljamillemme
|
| essive
|
kaljamanamme
|
kaljaminamme
|
| translative
|
kaljamaksemme
|
kaljamiksemme
|
| abessive
|
kaljamattamme
|
kaljamittamme
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
kaljaminemme
|
| second-person plural possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
kaljamanne
|
kaljamanne
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
kaljamanne
|
kaljamanne
|
| gen.
|
kaljamanne
|
| genitive
|
kaljamanne
|
kaljamienne
kaljamainne rare
|
| partitive
|
kaljamaanne
|
kaljamianne
|
| inessive
|
kaljamassanne
|
kaljamissanne
|
| elative
|
kaljamastanne
|
kaljamistanne
|
| illative
|
kaljamaanne
|
kaljamiinne
|
| adessive
|
kaljamallanne
|
kaljamillanne
|
| ablative
|
kaljamaltanne
|
kaljamiltanne
|
| allative
|
kaljamallenne
|
kaljamillenne
|
| essive
|
kaljamananne
|
kaljaminanne
|
| translative
|
kaljamaksenne
|
kaljamiksenne
|
| abessive
|
kaljamattanne
|
kaljamittanne
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
kaljaminenne
|
| third-person possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
kaljamansa
|
kaljamansa
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
kaljamansa
|
kaljamansa
|
| gen.
|
kaljamansa
|
| genitive
|
kaljamansa
|
kaljamiensa
kaljamainsa rare
|
| partitive
|
kaljamaansa
|
kaljamiaan
kaljamiansa
|
| inessive
|
kaljamassaan
kaljamassansa
|
kaljamissaan
kaljamissansa
|
| elative
|
kaljamastaan
kaljamastansa
|
kaljamistaan
kaljamistansa
|
| illative
|
kaljamaansa
|
kaljamiinsa
|
| adessive
|
kaljamallaan
kaljamallansa
|
kaljamillaan
kaljamillansa
|
| ablative
|
kaljamaltaan
kaljamaltansa
|
kaljamiltaan
kaljamiltansa
|
| allative
|
kaljamalleen
kaljamallensa
|
kaljamilleen
kaljamillensa
|
| essive
|
kaljamanaan
kaljamanansa
|
kaljaminaan
kaljaminansa
|
| translative
|
kaljamakseen
kaljamaksensa
|
kaljamikseen
kaljamiksensa
|
| abessive
|
kaljamattaan
kaljamattansa
|
kaljamittaan
kaljamittansa
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
kaljamineen
kaljaminensa
|
|
Further reading