khama
Northern Ndebele
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-káma (“squeeze, wring”).
Verb
-kháma
- to choke
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Pali
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
Etymology
Formed from the root kham, possibly in a stage earlier than Pali.
Adjective
khama
Declension
Declension table of "khama" (masculine)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | khamo | khamā |
| Accusative (second) | khamaṃ | khame |
| Instrumental (third) | khamena | khamehi or khamebhi |
| Dative (fourth) | khamassa or khamāya or khamatthaṃ | khamānaṃ |
| Ablative (fifth) | khamasmā or khamamhā or khamā | khamehi or khamebhi |
| Genitive (sixth) | khamassa | khamānaṃ |
| Locative (seventh) | khamasmiṃ or khamamhi or khame | khamesu |
| Vocative (calling) | khama | khamā |
Declension table of "khamā" (feminine)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | khamā | khamāyo or khamā |
| Accusative (second) | khamaṃ | khamāyo or khamā |
| Instrumental (third) | khamāya | khamāhi or khamābhi |
| Dative (fourth) | khamāya | khamānaṃ |
| Ablative (fifth) | khamāya | khamāhi or khamābhi |
| Genitive (sixth) | khamāya | khamānaṃ |
| Locative (seventh) | khamāya or khamāyaṃ | khamāsu |
| Vocative (calling) | khame | khamāyo or khamā |
Declension table of "khama" (neuter)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | khamaṃ | khamāni |
| Accusative (second) | khamaṃ | khamāni |
| Instrumental (third) | khamena | khamehi or khamebhi |
| Dative (fourth) | khamassa or khamāya or khamatthaṃ | khamānaṃ |
| Ablative (fifth) | khamasmā or khamamhā or khamā | khamehi or khamebhi |
| Genitive (sixth) | khamassa | khamānaṃ |
| Locative (seventh) | khamasmiṃ or khamamhi or khame | khamesu |
| Vocative (calling) | khama | khamāni |
Derived terms
Verb
khama
- second-person singular imperative active of khamati (“to forgive”)
Phuthi
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-káma (“squeeze, wring”).
Verb
-kháma
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Zulu
Etymology 1
From Proto-Bantu *-káma (“squeeze, wring”).
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /kʰaːma/
Verb
-khâma
Inflection
| positive | negative | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | ukukhama | ukungakhami | ||||
| imperative | ||||||
| simple | + object concord | |||||
| singular | khama | -khame | ||||
| plural | khamani | -khameni | ||||
| present | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyakhama, ngikhama | engikhamayo, engikhama | ngikhama | angikhami | engingakhami | ngingakhami |
| 2nd singular | uyakhama, ukhama | okhamayo, okhama | ukhama | awukhami | ongakhami | ungakhami |
| 1st plural | siyakhama, sikhama | esikhamayo, esikhama | sikhama | asikhami | esingakhami | singakhami |
| 2nd plural | niyakhama, nikhama | enikhamayo, enikhama | nikhama | anikhami | eningakhami | ningakhami |
| class 1 | uyakhama, ukhama | okhamayo, okhama | ekhama | akakhami | ongakhami | engakhami |
| class 2 | bayakhama, bakhama | abakhamayo, abakhama | bekhama | abakhami | abangakhami | bengakhami |
| class 3 | uyakhama, ukhama | okhamayo, okhama | ukhama | awukhami | ongakhami | ungakhami |
| class 4 | iyakhama, ikhama | ekhamayo, ekhama | ikhama | ayikhami | engakhami | ingakhami |
| class 5 | liyakhama, likhama | elikhamayo, elikhama | likhama | alikhami | elingakhami | lingakhami |
| class 6 | ayakhama, akhama | akhamayo, akhama | ekhama | awakhami | angakhami | engakhami |
| class 7 | siyakhama, sikhama | esikhamayo, esikhama | sikhama | asikhami | esingakhami | singakhami |
| class 8 | ziyakhama, zikhama | ezikhamayo, ezikhama | zikhama | azikhami | ezingakhami | zingakhami |
| class 9 | iyakhama, ikhama | ekhamayo, ekhama | ikhama | ayikhami | engakhami | ingakhami |
| class 10 | ziyakhama, zikhama | ezikhamayo, ezikhama | zikhama | azikhami | ezingakhami | zingakhami |
| class 11 | luyakhama, lukhama | olukhamayo, olukhama | lukhama | alukhami | olungakhami | lungakhami |
| class 14 | buyakhama, bukhama | obukhamayo, obukhama | bukhama | abukhami | obungakhami | bungakhami |
| class 15 | kuyakhama, kukhama | okukhamayo, okukhama | kukhama | akukhami | okungakhami | kungakhami |
| class 17 | kuyakhama, kukhama | okukhamayo, okukhama | kukhama | akukhami | okungakhami | kungakhami |
| recent past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngikhamile, ngikhamē | engikhamile, engikhamē | ngikhamile, ngikhamē | angikhamanga | engingakhamanga | ngingakhamanga |
| 2nd singular | ukhamile, ukhamē | okhamile, okhamē | ukhamile, ukhamē | awukhamanga | ongakhamanga | ungakhamanga |
| 1st plural | sikhamile, sikhamē | esikhamile, esikhamē | sikhamile, sikhamē | asikhamanga | esingakhamanga | singakhamanga |
| 2nd plural | nikhamile, nikhamē | enikhamile, enikhamē | nikhamile, nikhamē | anikhamanga | eningakhamanga | ningakhamanga |
| class 1 | ukhamile, ukhamē | okhamile, okhamē | ekhamile, ekhamē | akakhamanga | ongakhamanga | engakhamanga |
| class 2 | bakhamile, bakhamē | abakhamile, abakhamē | bekhamile, bekhamē | abakhamanga | abangakhamanga | bengakhamanga |
| class 3 | ukhamile, ukhamē | okhamile, okhamē | ukhamile, ukhamē | awukhamanga | ongakhamanga | ungakhamanga |
| class 4 | ikhamile, ikhamē | ekhamile, ekhamē | ikhamile, ikhamē | ayikhamanga | engakhamanga | ingakhamanga |
| class 5 | likhamile, likhamē | elikhamile, elikhamē | likhamile, likhamē | alikhamanga | elingakhamanga | lingakhamanga |
| class 6 | akhamile, akhamē | akhamile, akhamē | ekhamile, ekhamē | awakhamanga | angakhamanga | engakhamanga |
| class 7 | sikhamile, sikhamē | esikhamile, esikhamē | sikhamile, sikhamē | asikhamanga | esingakhamanga | singakhamanga |
| class 8 | zikhamile, zikhamē | ezikhamile, ezikhamē | zikhamile, zikhamē | azikhamanga | ezingakhamanga | zingakhamanga |
| class 9 | ikhamile, ikhamē | ekhamile, ekhamē | ikhamile, ikhamē | ayikhamanga | engakhamanga | ingakhamanga |
| class 10 | zikhamile, zikhamē | ezikhamile, ezikhamē | zikhamile, zikhamē | azikhamanga | ezingakhamanga | zingakhamanga |
| class 11 | lukhamile, lukhamē | olukhamile, olukhamē | lukhamile, lukhamē | alukhamanga | olungakhamanga | lungakhamanga |
| class 14 | bukhamile, bukhamē | obukhamile, obukhamē | bukhamile, bukhamē | abukhamanga | obungakhamanga | bungakhamanga |
| class 15 | kukhamile, kukhamē | okukhamile, okukhamē | kukhamile, kukhamē | akukhamanga | okungakhamanga | kungakhamanga |
| class 17 | kukhamile, kukhamē | okukhamile, okukhamē | kukhamile, kukhamē | akukhamanga | okungakhamanga | kungakhamanga |
| remote past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngākhama | engākhama | ngākhama | angikhamanga | engingakhamanga | ngingakhamanga |
| 2nd singular | wākhama | owākhama | wākhama | awukhamanga | ongakhamanga | ungakhamanga |
| 1st plural | sākhama | esākhama | sākhama | asikhamanga | esingakhamanga | singakhamanga |
| 2nd plural | nākhama | enākhama | nākhama | anikhamanga | eningakhamanga | ningakhamanga |
| class 1 | wākhama | owākhama | ākhama | akakhamanga | ongakhamanga | engakhamanga |
| class 2 | bākhama | abākhama | bākhama | abakhamanga | abangakhamanga | bengakhamanga |
| class 3 | wākhama | owākhama | wākhama | awukhamanga | ongakhamanga | ungakhamanga |
| class 4 | yākhama | eyākhama | yākhama | ayikhamanga | engakhamanga | ingakhamanga |
| class 5 | lākhama | elākhama | lākhama | alikhamanga | elingakhamanga | lingakhamanga |
| class 6 | ākhama | ākhama | ākhama | awakhamanga | angakhamanga | engakhamanga |
| class 7 | sākhama | esākhama | sākhama | asikhamanga | esingakhamanga | singakhamanga |
| class 8 | zākhama | ezākhama | zākhama | azikhamanga | ezingakhamanga | zingakhamanga |
| class 9 | yākhama | eyākhama | yākhama | ayikhamanga | engakhamanga | ingakhamanga |
| class 10 | zākhama | ezākhama | zākhama | azikhamanga | ezingakhamanga | zingakhamanga |
| class 11 | lwākhama | olwākhama | lwākhama | alukhamanga | olungakhamanga | lungakhamanga |
| class 14 | bākhama | obākhama | bākhama | abukhamanga | obungakhamanga | bungakhamanga |
| class 15 | kwākhama | okwākhama | kwākhama | akukhamanga | okungakhamanga | kungakhamanga |
| class 17 | kwākhama | okwākhama | kwākhama | akukhamanga | okungakhamanga | kungakhamanga |
| potential | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngingakhama | — | ngingakhama | ngingekhame | — | ngingekhame |
| 2nd singular | ungakhama | — | ungakhama | ungekhame | — | ungekhame |
| 1st plural | singakhama | — | singakhama | singekhame | — | singekhame |
| 2nd plural | ningakhama | — | ningakhama | ningekhame | — | ningekhame |
| class 1 | angakhama | — | engakhama | angekhame | — | engekhame |
| class 2 | bangakhama | — | bengakhama | bangekhame | — | bengekhame |
| class 3 | ungakhama | — | ungakhama | ungekhame | — | ungekhame |
| class 4 | ingakhama | — | ingakhama | ingekhame | — | ingekhame |
| class 5 | lingakhama | — | lingakhama | lingekhame | — | lingekhame |
| class 6 | angakhama | — | engakhama | angekhame | — | engekhame |
| class 7 | singakhama | — | singakhama | singekhame | — | singekhame |
| class 8 | zingakhama | — | zingakhama | zingekhame | — | zingekhame |
| class 9 | ingakhama | — | ingakhama | ingekhame | — | ingekhame |
| class 10 | zingakhama | — | zingakhama | zingekhame | — | zingekhame |
| class 11 | lungakhama | — | lungakhama | lungekhame | — | lungekhame |
| class 14 | bungakhama | — | bungakhama | bungekhame | — | bungekhame |
| class 15 | kungakhama | — | kungakhama | kungekhame | — | kungekhame |
| class 17 | kungakhama | — | kungakhama | kungekhame | — | kungekhame |
| immediate future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngizokhama | engizokhama | ngizokhama | angizukhama | engingezukhama | ngingezukhama |
| 2nd singular | uzokhama | ozokhama | uzokhama | awuzukhama | ongezukhama | ungezukhama |
| 1st plural | sizokhama | esizokhama | sizokhama | asizukhama | esingezukhama | singezukhama |
| 2nd plural | nizokhama | enizokhama | nizokhama | anizukhama | eningezukhama | ningezukhama |
| class 1 | uzokhama | ozokhama | ezokhama | akazukhama | ongezukhama | engezukhama |
| class 2 | bazokhama | abazokhama | bezokhama | abazukhama | abangezukhama | bengezukhama |
| class 3 | uzokhama | ozokhama | uzokhama | awuzukhama | ongezukhama | ungezukhama |
| class 4 | izokhama | ezokhama | izokhama | ayizukhama | engezukhama | ingezukhama |
| class 5 | lizokhama | elizokhama | lizokhama | alizukhama | elingezukhama | lingezukhama |
| class 6 | azokhama | azokhama | ezokhama | awazukhama | angezukhama | engezukhama |
| class 7 | sizokhama | esizokhama | sizokhama | asizukhama | esingezukhama | singezukhama |
| class 8 | zizokhama | ezizokhama | zizokhama | azizukhama | ezingezukhama | zingezukhama |
| class 9 | izokhama | ezokhama | izokhama | ayizukhama | engezukhama | ingezukhama |
| class 10 | zizokhama | ezizokhama | zizokhama | azizukhama | ezingezukhama | zingezukhama |
| class 11 | luzokhama | oluzokhama | luzokhama | aluzukhama | olungezukhama | lungezukhama |
| class 14 | buzokhama | obuzokhama | buzokhama | abuzukhama | obungezukhama | bungezukhama |
| class 15 | kuzokhama | okuzokhama | kuzokhama | akuzukhama | okungezukhama | kungezukhama |
| class 17 | kuzokhama | okuzokhama | kuzokhama | akuzukhama | okungezukhama | kungezukhama |
| remote future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyokhama | engiyokhama | ngiyokhama | angiyukhama | engingeyukhama | ngingeyukhama |
| 2nd singular | uyokhama | oyokhama | uyokhama | awuyukhama | ongeyukhama | ungeyukhama |
| 1st plural | siyokhama | esiyokhama | siyokhama | asiyukhama | esingeyukhama | singeyukhama |
| 2nd plural | niyokhama | eniyokhama | niyokhama | aniyukhama | eningeyukhama | ningeyukhama |
| class 1 | uyokhama | oyokhama | eyokhama | akayukhama | ongeyukhama | engeyukhama |
| class 2 | bayokhama | abayokhama | beyokhama | abayukhama | abangeyukhama | bengeyukhama |
| class 3 | uyokhama | oyokhama | uyokhama | awuyukhama | ongeyukhama | ungeyukhama |
| class 4 | iyokhama | eyokhama | iyokhama | ayiyukhama | engeyukhama | ingeyukhama |
| class 5 | liyokhama | eliyokhama | liyokhama | aliyukhama | elingeyukhama | lingeyukhama |
| class 6 | ayokhama | ayokhama | eyokhama | awayukhama | angeyukhama | engeyukhama |
| class 7 | siyokhama | esiyokhama | siyokhama | asiyukhama | esingeyukhama | singeyukhama |
| class 8 | ziyokhama | eziyokhama | ziyokhama | aziyukhama | ezingeyukhama | zingeyukhama |
| class 9 | iyokhama | eyokhama | iyokhama | ayiyukhama | engeyukhama | ingeyukhama |
| class 10 | ziyokhama | eziyokhama | ziyokhama | aziyukhama | ezingeyukhama | zingeyukhama |
| class 11 | luyokhama | oluyokhama | luyokhama | aluyukhama | olungeyukhama | lungeyukhama |
| class 14 | buyokhama | obuyokhama | buyokhama | abuyukhama | obungeyukhama | bungeyukhama |
| class 15 | kuyokhama | okuyokhama | kuyokhama | akuyukhama | okungeyukhama | kungeyukhama |
| class 17 | kuyokhama | okuyokhama | kuyokhama | akuyukhama | okungeyukhama | kungeyukhama |
| present subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngikhame | ngingakhami | ||||
| 2nd singular | ukhame | ungakhami | ||||
| 1st plural | sikhame | singakhami | ||||
| 2nd plural | nikhame | ningakhami | ||||
| class 1 | akhame | angakhami | ||||
| class 2 | bakhame | bangakhami | ||||
| class 3 | ukhame | ungakhami | ||||
| class 4 | ikhame | ingakhami | ||||
| class 5 | likhame | lingakhami | ||||
| class 6 | akhame | angakhami | ||||
| class 7 | sikhame | singakhami | ||||
| class 8 | zikhame | zingakhami | ||||
| class 9 | ikhame | ingakhami | ||||
| class 10 | zikhame | zingakhami | ||||
| class 11 | lukhame | lungakhami | ||||
| class 14 | bukhame | bungakhami | ||||
| class 15 | kukhame | kungakhami | ||||
| class 17 | kukhame | kungakhami | ||||
| past subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngakhama | ngangakhama, angakhama, angangakhama | ||||
| 2nd singular | wakhama | wangakhama, awakhama, awangakhama | ||||
| 1st plural | sakhama | sangakhama, asakhama, asangakhama | ||||
| 2nd plural | nakhama | nangakhama, anakhama, anangakhama | ||||
| class 1 | wakhama | wangakhama, akakhama, akangakhama | ||||
| class 2 | bakhama | bangakhama, abakhama, abangakhama | ||||
| class 3 | wakhama | wangakhama, awakhama, awangakhama | ||||
| class 4 | yakhama | yangakhama, ayakhama, ayangakhama | ||||
| class 5 | lakhama | langakhama, alakhama, alangakhama | ||||
| class 6 | akhama | angakhama, awakhama, awangakhama | ||||
| class 7 | sakhama | sangakhama, asakhama, asangakhama | ||||
| class 8 | zakhama | zangakhama, azakhama, azangakhama | ||||
| class 9 | yakhama | yangakhama, ayakhama, ayangakhama | ||||
| class 10 | zakhama | zangakhama, azakhama, azangakhama | ||||
| class 11 | lwakhama | lwangakhama, alwakhama, alwangakhama | ||||
| class 14 | bakhama | bangakhama, abakhama, abangakhama | ||||
| class 15 | kwakhama | kwangakhama, akwakhama, akwangakhama | ||||
| class 17 | kwakhama | kwangakhama, akwakhama, akwangakhama | ||||
Etymology 2
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /kʰaːma/
Verb
-kháma
Inflection
| positive | negative | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | ukukhama | ukungakhami | ||||
| imperative | ||||||
| simple | + object concord | |||||
| singular | khama | -khame | ||||
| plural | khamani | -khameni | ||||
| present | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyakhama, ngikhama | engikhamayo, engikhama | ngikhama | angikhami | engingakhami | ngingakhami |
| 2nd singular | uyakhama, ukhama | okhamayo, okhama | ukhama | awukhami | ongakhami | ungakhami |
| 1st plural | siyakhama, sikhama | esikhamayo, esikhama | sikhama | asikhami | esingakhami | singakhami |
| 2nd plural | niyakhama, nikhama | enikhamayo, enikhama | nikhama | anikhami | eningakhami | ningakhami |
| class 1 | uyakhama, ukhama | okhamayo, okhama | ekhama | akakhami | ongakhami | engakhami |
| class 2 | bayakhama, bakhama | abakhamayo, abakhama | bekhama | abakhami | abangakhami | bengakhami |
| class 3 | uyakhama, ukhama | okhamayo, okhama | ukhama | awukhami | ongakhami | ungakhami |
| class 4 | iyakhama, ikhama | ekhamayo, ekhama | ikhama | ayikhami | engakhami | ingakhami |
| class 5 | liyakhama, likhama | elikhamayo, elikhama | likhama | alikhami | elingakhami | lingakhami |
| class 6 | ayakhama, akhama | akhamayo, akhama | ekhama | awakhami | angakhami | engakhami |
| class 7 | siyakhama, sikhama | esikhamayo, esikhama | sikhama | asikhami | esingakhami | singakhami |
| class 8 | ziyakhama, zikhama | ezikhamayo, ezikhama | zikhama | azikhami | ezingakhami | zingakhami |
| class 9 | iyakhama, ikhama | ekhamayo, ekhama | ikhama | ayikhami | engakhami | ingakhami |
| class 10 | ziyakhama, zikhama | ezikhamayo, ezikhama | zikhama | azikhami | ezingakhami | zingakhami |
| class 11 | luyakhama, lukhama | olukhamayo, olukhama | lukhama | alukhami | olungakhami | lungakhami |
| class 14 | buyakhama, bukhama | obukhamayo, obukhama | bukhama | abukhami | obungakhami | bungakhami |
| class 15 | kuyakhama, kukhama | okukhamayo, okukhama | kukhama | akukhami | okungakhami | kungakhami |
| class 17 | kuyakhama, kukhama | okukhamayo, okukhama | kukhama | akukhami | okungakhami | kungakhami |
| recent past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngikhamile, ngikhamē | engikhamile, engikhamē | ngikhamile, ngikhamē | angikhamanga | engingakhamanga | ngingakhamanga |
| 2nd singular | ukhamile, ukhamē | okhamile, okhamē | ukhamile, ukhamē | awukhamanga | ongakhamanga | ungakhamanga |
| 1st plural | sikhamile, sikhamē | esikhamile, esikhamē | sikhamile, sikhamē | asikhamanga | esingakhamanga | singakhamanga |
| 2nd plural | nikhamile, nikhamē | enikhamile, enikhamē | nikhamile, nikhamē | anikhamanga | eningakhamanga | ningakhamanga |
| class 1 | ukhamile, ukhamē | okhamile, okhamē | ekhamile, ekhamē | akakhamanga | ongakhamanga | engakhamanga |
| class 2 | bakhamile, bakhamē | abakhamile, abakhamē | bekhamile, bekhamē | abakhamanga | abangakhamanga | bengakhamanga |
| class 3 | ukhamile, ukhamē | okhamile, okhamē | ukhamile, ukhamē | awukhamanga | ongakhamanga | ungakhamanga |
| class 4 | ikhamile, ikhamē | ekhamile, ekhamē | ikhamile, ikhamē | ayikhamanga | engakhamanga | ingakhamanga |
| class 5 | likhamile, likhamē | elikhamile, elikhamē | likhamile, likhamē | alikhamanga | elingakhamanga | lingakhamanga |
| class 6 | akhamile, akhamē | akhamile, akhamē | ekhamile, ekhamē | awakhamanga | angakhamanga | engakhamanga |
| class 7 | sikhamile, sikhamē | esikhamile, esikhamē | sikhamile, sikhamē | asikhamanga | esingakhamanga | singakhamanga |
| class 8 | zikhamile, zikhamē | ezikhamile, ezikhamē | zikhamile, zikhamē | azikhamanga | ezingakhamanga | zingakhamanga |
| class 9 | ikhamile, ikhamē | ekhamile, ekhamē | ikhamile, ikhamē | ayikhamanga | engakhamanga | ingakhamanga |
| class 10 | zikhamile, zikhamē | ezikhamile, ezikhamē | zikhamile, zikhamē | azikhamanga | ezingakhamanga | zingakhamanga |
| class 11 | lukhamile, lukhamē | olukhamile, olukhamē | lukhamile, lukhamē | alukhamanga | olungakhamanga | lungakhamanga |
| class 14 | bukhamile, bukhamē | obukhamile, obukhamē | bukhamile, bukhamē | abukhamanga | obungakhamanga | bungakhamanga |
| class 15 | kukhamile, kukhamē | okukhamile, okukhamē | kukhamile, kukhamē | akukhamanga | okungakhamanga | kungakhamanga |
| class 17 | kukhamile, kukhamē | okukhamile, okukhamē | kukhamile, kukhamē | akukhamanga | okungakhamanga | kungakhamanga |
| remote past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngākhama | engākhama | ngākhama | angikhamanga | engingakhamanga | ngingakhamanga |
| 2nd singular | wākhama | owākhama | wākhama | awukhamanga | ongakhamanga | ungakhamanga |
| 1st plural | sākhama | esākhama | sākhama | asikhamanga | esingakhamanga | singakhamanga |
| 2nd plural | nākhama | enākhama | nākhama | anikhamanga | eningakhamanga | ningakhamanga |
| class 1 | wākhama | owākhama | ākhama | akakhamanga | ongakhamanga | engakhamanga |
| class 2 | bākhama | abākhama | bākhama | abakhamanga | abangakhamanga | bengakhamanga |
| class 3 | wākhama | owākhama | wākhama | awukhamanga | ongakhamanga | ungakhamanga |
| class 4 | yākhama | eyākhama | yākhama | ayikhamanga | engakhamanga | ingakhamanga |
| class 5 | lākhama | elākhama | lākhama | alikhamanga | elingakhamanga | lingakhamanga |
| class 6 | ākhama | ākhama | ākhama | awakhamanga | angakhamanga | engakhamanga |
| class 7 | sākhama | esākhama | sākhama | asikhamanga | esingakhamanga | singakhamanga |
| class 8 | zākhama | ezākhama | zākhama | azikhamanga | ezingakhamanga | zingakhamanga |
| class 9 | yākhama | eyākhama | yākhama | ayikhamanga | engakhamanga | ingakhamanga |
| class 10 | zākhama | ezākhama | zākhama | azikhamanga | ezingakhamanga | zingakhamanga |
| class 11 | lwākhama | olwākhama | lwākhama | alukhamanga | olungakhamanga | lungakhamanga |
| class 14 | bākhama | obākhama | bākhama | abukhamanga | obungakhamanga | bungakhamanga |
| class 15 | kwākhama | okwākhama | kwākhama | akukhamanga | okungakhamanga | kungakhamanga |
| class 17 | kwākhama | okwākhama | kwākhama | akukhamanga | okungakhamanga | kungakhamanga |
| potential | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngingakhama | — | ngingakhama | ngingekhame | — | ngingekhame |
| 2nd singular | ungakhama | — | ungakhama | ungekhame | — | ungekhame |
| 1st plural | singakhama | — | singakhama | singekhame | — | singekhame |
| 2nd plural | ningakhama | — | ningakhama | ningekhame | — | ningekhame |
| class 1 | angakhama | — | engakhama | angekhame | — | engekhame |
| class 2 | bangakhama | — | bengakhama | bangekhame | — | bengekhame |
| class 3 | ungakhama | — | ungakhama | ungekhame | — | ungekhame |
| class 4 | ingakhama | — | ingakhama | ingekhame | — | ingekhame |
| class 5 | lingakhama | — | lingakhama | lingekhame | — | lingekhame |
| class 6 | angakhama | — | engakhama | angekhame | — | engekhame |
| class 7 | singakhama | — | singakhama | singekhame | — | singekhame |
| class 8 | zingakhama | — | zingakhama | zingekhame | — | zingekhame |
| class 9 | ingakhama | — | ingakhama | ingekhame | — | ingekhame |
| class 10 | zingakhama | — | zingakhama | zingekhame | — | zingekhame |
| class 11 | lungakhama | — | lungakhama | lungekhame | — | lungekhame |
| class 14 | bungakhama | — | bungakhama | bungekhame | — | bungekhame |
| class 15 | kungakhama | — | kungakhama | kungekhame | — | kungekhame |
| class 17 | kungakhama | — | kungakhama | kungekhame | — | kungekhame |
| immediate future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngizokhama | engizokhama | ngizokhama | angizukhama | engingezukhama | ngingezukhama |
| 2nd singular | uzokhama | ozokhama | uzokhama | awuzukhama | ongezukhama | ungezukhama |
| 1st plural | sizokhama | esizokhama | sizokhama | asizukhama | esingezukhama | singezukhama |
| 2nd plural | nizokhama | enizokhama | nizokhama | anizukhama | eningezukhama | ningezukhama |
| class 1 | uzokhama | ozokhama | ezokhama | akazukhama | ongezukhama | engezukhama |
| class 2 | bazokhama | abazokhama | bezokhama | abazukhama | abangezukhama | bengezukhama |
| class 3 | uzokhama | ozokhama | uzokhama | awuzukhama | ongezukhama | ungezukhama |
| class 4 | izokhama | ezokhama | izokhama | ayizukhama | engezukhama | ingezukhama |
| class 5 | lizokhama | elizokhama | lizokhama | alizukhama | elingezukhama | lingezukhama |
| class 6 | azokhama | azokhama | ezokhama | awazukhama | angezukhama | engezukhama |
| class 7 | sizokhama | esizokhama | sizokhama | asizukhama | esingezukhama | singezukhama |
| class 8 | zizokhama | ezizokhama | zizokhama | azizukhama | ezingezukhama | zingezukhama |
| class 9 | izokhama | ezokhama | izokhama | ayizukhama | engezukhama | ingezukhama |
| class 10 | zizokhama | ezizokhama | zizokhama | azizukhama | ezingezukhama | zingezukhama |
| class 11 | luzokhama | oluzokhama | luzokhama | aluzukhama | olungezukhama | lungezukhama |
| class 14 | buzokhama | obuzokhama | buzokhama | abuzukhama | obungezukhama | bungezukhama |
| class 15 | kuzokhama | okuzokhama | kuzokhama | akuzukhama | okungezukhama | kungezukhama |
| class 17 | kuzokhama | okuzokhama | kuzokhama | akuzukhama | okungezukhama | kungezukhama |
| remote future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyokhama | engiyokhama | ngiyokhama | angiyukhama | engingeyukhama | ngingeyukhama |
| 2nd singular | uyokhama | oyokhama | uyokhama | awuyukhama | ongeyukhama | ungeyukhama |
| 1st plural | siyokhama | esiyokhama | siyokhama | asiyukhama | esingeyukhama | singeyukhama |
| 2nd plural | niyokhama | eniyokhama | niyokhama | aniyukhama | eningeyukhama | ningeyukhama |
| class 1 | uyokhama | oyokhama | eyokhama | akayukhama | ongeyukhama | engeyukhama |
| class 2 | bayokhama | abayokhama | beyokhama | abayukhama | abangeyukhama | bengeyukhama |
| class 3 | uyokhama | oyokhama | uyokhama | awuyukhama | ongeyukhama | ungeyukhama |
| class 4 | iyokhama | eyokhama | iyokhama | ayiyukhama | engeyukhama | ingeyukhama |
| class 5 | liyokhama | eliyokhama | liyokhama | aliyukhama | elingeyukhama | lingeyukhama |
| class 6 | ayokhama | ayokhama | eyokhama | awayukhama | angeyukhama | engeyukhama |
| class 7 | siyokhama | esiyokhama | siyokhama | asiyukhama | esingeyukhama | singeyukhama |
| class 8 | ziyokhama | eziyokhama | ziyokhama | aziyukhama | ezingeyukhama | zingeyukhama |
| class 9 | iyokhama | eyokhama | iyokhama | ayiyukhama | engeyukhama | ingeyukhama |
| class 10 | ziyokhama | eziyokhama | ziyokhama | aziyukhama | ezingeyukhama | zingeyukhama |
| class 11 | luyokhama | oluyokhama | luyokhama | aluyukhama | olungeyukhama | lungeyukhama |
| class 14 | buyokhama | obuyokhama | buyokhama | abuyukhama | obungeyukhama | bungeyukhama |
| class 15 | kuyokhama | okuyokhama | kuyokhama | akuyukhama | okungeyukhama | kungeyukhama |
| class 17 | kuyokhama | okuyokhama | kuyokhama | akuyukhama | okungeyukhama | kungeyukhama |
| present subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngikhame | ngingakhami | ||||
| 2nd singular | ukhame | ungakhami | ||||
| 1st plural | sikhame | singakhami | ||||
| 2nd plural | nikhame | ningakhami | ||||
| class 1 | akhame | angakhami | ||||
| class 2 | bakhame | bangakhami | ||||
| class 3 | ukhame | ungakhami | ||||
| class 4 | ikhame | ingakhami | ||||
| class 5 | likhame | lingakhami | ||||
| class 6 | akhame | angakhami | ||||
| class 7 | sikhame | singakhami | ||||
| class 8 | zikhame | zingakhami | ||||
| class 9 | ikhame | ingakhami | ||||
| class 10 | zikhame | zingakhami | ||||
| class 11 | lukhame | lungakhami | ||||
| class 14 | bukhame | bungakhami | ||||
| class 15 | kukhame | kungakhami | ||||
| class 17 | kukhame | kungakhami | ||||
| past subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngakhama | ngangakhama, angakhama, angangakhama | ||||
| 2nd singular | wakhama | wangakhama, awakhama, awangakhama | ||||
| 1st plural | sakhama | sangakhama, asakhama, asangakhama | ||||
| 2nd plural | nakhama | nangakhama, anakhama, anangakhama | ||||
| class 1 | wakhama | wangakhama, akakhama, akangakhama | ||||
| class 2 | bakhama | bangakhama, abakhama, abangakhama | ||||
| class 3 | wakhama | wangakhama, awakhama, awangakhama | ||||
| class 4 | yakhama | yangakhama, ayakhama, ayangakhama | ||||
| class 5 | lakhama | langakhama, alakhama, alangakhama | ||||
| class 6 | akhama | angakhama, awakhama, awangakhama | ||||
| class 7 | sakhama | sangakhama, asakhama, asangakhama | ||||
| class 8 | zakhama | zangakhama, azakhama, azangakhama | ||||
| class 9 | yakhama | yangakhama, ayakhama, ayangakhama | ||||
| class 10 | zakhama | zangakhama, azakhama, azangakhama | ||||
| class 11 | lwakhama | lwangakhama, alwakhama, alwangakhama | ||||
| class 14 | bakhama | bangakhama, abakhama, abangakhama | ||||
| class 15 | kwakhama | kwangakhama, akwakhama, akwangakhama | ||||
| class 17 | kwakhama | kwangakhama, akwakhama, akwangakhama | ||||
Alternative forms
- -ekhama
References
- C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “khama”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “khama (3.9)”