Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kirstu (compare Estonian kirst, Votic kirstu), of unknown further origin, but related to Latvian šķirsts (“chest, coffin”) and dialectal Russian ке́рста (kérsta); there is no consensus on the direction of borrowing. The word however cannot be older than Finnic due to the consonant cluster.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkirstu/, [ˈk̟irs̠tu]
- Rhymes: -irstu
- Syllabification(key): kirs‧tu
- Hyphenation(key): kirs‧tu
Noun
kirstu
- chest, trunk
- Synonym: arkku
Declension
| Inflection of kirstu (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
|
| nominative
|
kirstu
|
kirstut
|
| genitive
|
kirstun
|
kirstujen
|
| partitive
|
kirstua
|
kirstuja
|
| illative
|
kirstuun
|
kirstuihin
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
kirstu
|
kirstut
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
kirstu
|
kirstut
|
| gen.
|
kirstun
|
| genitive
|
kirstun
|
kirstujen
|
| partitive
|
kirstua
|
kirstuja
|
| inessive
|
kirstussa
|
kirstuissa
|
| elative
|
kirstusta
|
kirstuista
|
| illative
|
kirstuun
|
kirstuihin
|
| adessive
|
kirstulla
|
kirstuilla
|
| ablative
|
kirstulta
|
kirstuilta
|
| allative
|
kirstulle
|
kirstuille
|
| essive
|
kirstuna
|
kirstuina
|
| translative
|
kirstuksi
|
kirstuiksi
|
| abessive
|
kirstutta
|
kirstuitta
|
| instructive
|
—
|
kirstuin
|
| comitative
|
See the possessive forms below.
|
| first-person singular possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
kirstuni
|
kirstuni
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
kirstuni
|
kirstuni
|
| gen.
|
kirstuni
|
| genitive
|
kirstuni
|
kirstujeni
|
| partitive
|
kirstuani
|
kirstujani
|
| inessive
|
kirstussani
|
kirstuissani
|
| elative
|
kirstustani
|
kirstuistani
|
| illative
|
kirstuuni
|
kirstuihini
|
| adessive
|
kirstullani
|
kirstuillani
|
| ablative
|
kirstultani
|
kirstuiltani
|
| allative
|
kirstulleni
|
kirstuilleni
|
| essive
|
kirstunani
|
kirstuinani
|
| translative
|
kirstukseni
|
kirstuikseni
|
| abessive
|
kirstuttani
|
kirstuittani
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
kirstuineni
|
| second-person singular possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
kirstusi
|
kirstusi
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
kirstusi
|
kirstusi
|
| gen.
|
kirstusi
|
| genitive
|
kirstusi
|
kirstujesi
|
| partitive
|
kirstuasi
|
kirstujasi
|
| inessive
|
kirstussasi
|
kirstuissasi
|
| elative
|
kirstustasi
|
kirstuistasi
|
| illative
|
kirstuusi
|
kirstuihisi
|
| adessive
|
kirstullasi
|
kirstuillasi
|
| ablative
|
kirstultasi
|
kirstuiltasi
|
| allative
|
kirstullesi
|
kirstuillesi
|
| essive
|
kirstunasi
|
kirstuinasi
|
| translative
|
kirstuksesi
|
kirstuiksesi
|
| abessive
|
kirstuttasi
|
kirstuittasi
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
kirstuinesi
|
| first-person plural possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
kirstumme
|
kirstumme
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
kirstumme
|
kirstumme
|
| gen.
|
kirstumme
|
| genitive
|
kirstumme
|
kirstujemme
|
| partitive
|
kirstuamme
|
kirstujamme
|
| inessive
|
kirstussamme
|
kirstuissamme
|
| elative
|
kirstustamme
|
kirstuistamme
|
| illative
|
kirstuumme
|
kirstuihimme
|
| adessive
|
kirstullamme
|
kirstuillamme
|
| ablative
|
kirstultamme
|
kirstuiltamme
|
| allative
|
kirstullemme
|
kirstuillemme
|
| essive
|
kirstunamme
|
kirstuinamme
|
| translative
|
kirstuksemme
|
kirstuiksemme
|
| abessive
|
kirstuttamme
|
kirstuittamme
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
kirstuinemme
|
| second-person plural possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
kirstunne
|
kirstunne
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
kirstunne
|
kirstunne
|
| gen.
|
kirstunne
|
| genitive
|
kirstunne
|
kirstujenne
|
| partitive
|
kirstuanne
|
kirstujanne
|
| inessive
|
kirstussanne
|
kirstuissanne
|
| elative
|
kirstustanne
|
kirstuistanne
|
| illative
|
kirstuunne
|
kirstuihinne
|
| adessive
|
kirstullanne
|
kirstuillanne
|
| ablative
|
kirstultanne
|
kirstuiltanne
|
| allative
|
kirstullenne
|
kirstuillenne
|
| essive
|
kirstunanne
|
kirstuinanne
|
| translative
|
kirstuksenne
|
kirstuiksenne
|
| abessive
|
kirstuttanne
|
kirstuittanne
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
kirstuinenne
|
| third-person possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
kirstunsa
|
kirstunsa
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
kirstunsa
|
kirstunsa
|
| gen.
|
kirstunsa
|
| genitive
|
kirstunsa
|
kirstujensa
|
| partitive
|
kirstuaan
kirstuansa
|
kirstujaan
kirstujansa
|
| inessive
|
kirstussaan
kirstussansa
|
kirstuissaan
kirstuissansa
|
| elative
|
kirstustaan
kirstustansa
|
kirstuistaan
kirstuistansa
|
| illative
|
kirstuunsa
|
kirstuihinsa
|
| adessive
|
kirstullaan
kirstullansa
|
kirstuillaan
kirstuillansa
|
| ablative
|
kirstultaan
kirstultansa
|
kirstuiltaan
kirstuiltansa
|
| allative
|
kirstulleen
kirstullensa
|
kirstuilleen
kirstuillensa
|
| essive
|
kirstunaan
kirstunansa
|
kirstuinaan
kirstuinansa
|
| translative
|
kirstukseen
kirstuksensa
|
kirstuikseen
kirstuiksensa
|
| abessive
|
kirstuttaan
kirstuttansa
|
kirstuittaan
kirstuittansa
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
kirstuineen
kirstuinensa
|
|
Derived terms
Further reading
Anagrams
Votic
Etymology
Borrowed from Finnish kirstu.
Pronunciation
- (Luutsa, Liivtšülä) IPA(key): /ˈkirstu/, [ˈkʲirstu]
- Rhymes: -irstu
- Hyphenation: kirs‧tu
Noun
kirstu
- chest
- coffin
Inflection
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
kirstu
|
kirstud
|
| genitive
|
kirstu
|
kirstujõ, kirstui
|
| partitive
|
kirstua
|
kirstuitõ, kirstui
|
| illative
|
kirstusõ, kirstu
|
kirstuisõ
|
| inessive
|
kirstuz
|
kirstuiz
|
| elative
|
kirstussõ
|
kirstuissõ
|
| allative
|
kirstulõ
|
kirstuilõ
|
| adessive
|
kirstullõ
|
kirstuillõ
|
| ablative
|
kirstultõ
|
kirstuiltõ
|
| translative
|
kirstussi
|
kirstuissi
|
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive.
***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive.
|
References
- Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn