kolhia

Finnish

Etymology

Unknown. Related to Ingrian kolhia and Karelian kolhie.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈkolhiɑˣ/, [ˈko̞lhiɑ̝(ʔ)]
  • Rhymes: -olhiɑ
  • Syllabification(key): kol‧hi‧a
  • Hyphenation(key): kol‧hia

Verb

kolhia

  1. (transitive) to bruise, batter, damage (to cause external or superficial damage to a person or thing)

Conjugation

Inflection of kolhia (Kotus type 61/sallia, no gradation)
indicative mood
present tense perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. kolhin en kolhi 1st sing. olen kolhinut en ole kolhinut
2nd sing. kolhit et kolhi 2nd sing. olet kolhinut et ole kolhinut
3rd sing. kolhii ei kolhi 3rd sing. on kolhinut ei ole kolhinut
1st plur. kolhimme emme kolhi 1st plur. olemme kolhineet emme ole kolhineet
2nd plur. kolhitte ette kolhi 2nd plur. olette kolhineet ette ole kolhineet
3rd plur. kolhivat eivät kolhi 3rd plur. ovat kolhineet eivät ole kolhineet
passive kolhitaan ei kolhita passive on kolhittu ei ole kolhittu
past tense pluperfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. kolhin en kolhinut 1st sing. olin kolhinut en ollut kolhinut
2nd sing. kolhit et kolhinut 2nd sing. olit kolhinut et ollut kolhinut
3rd sing. kolhi ei kolhinut 3rd sing. oli kolhinut ei ollut kolhinut
1st plur. kolhimme emme kolhineet 1st plur. olimme kolhineet emme olleet kolhineet
2nd plur. kolhitte ette kolhineet 2nd plur. olitte kolhineet ette olleet kolhineet
3rd plur. kolhivat eivät kolhineet 3rd plur. olivat kolhineet eivät olleet kolhineet
passive kolhittiin ei kolhittu passive oli kolhittu ei ollut kolhittu
conditional mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. kolhisin en kolhisi 1st sing. olisin kolhinut en olisi kolhinut
2nd sing. kolhisit et kolhisi 2nd sing. olisit kolhinut et olisi kolhinut
3rd sing. kolhisi ei kolhisi 3rd sing. olisi kolhinut ei olisi kolhinut
1st plur. kolhisimme emme kolhisi 1st plur. olisimme kolhineet emme olisi kolhineet
2nd plur. kolhisitte ette kolhisi 2nd plur. olisitte kolhineet ette olisi kolhineet
3rd plur. kolhisivat eivät kolhisi 3rd plur. olisivat kolhineet eivät olisi kolhineet
passive kolhittaisiin ei kolhittaisi passive olisi kolhittu ei olisi kolhittu
imperative mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. — — 1st sing. — —
2nd sing. kolhi älä kolhi 2nd sing. — —
3rd sing. kolhikoon älköön kolhiko 3rd sing. olkoon kolhinut älköön olko kolhinut
1st plur. kolhikaamme älkäämme kolhiko 1st plur. — —
2nd plur. kolhikaa älkää kolhiko 2nd plur. — —
3rd plur. kolhikoot älkööt kolhiko 3rd plur. olkoot kolhineet älkööt olko kolhineet
passive kolhittakoon älköön kolhittako passive olkoon kolhittu älköön olko kolhittu
potential mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. kolhinen en kolhine 1st sing. lienen kolhinut en liene kolhinut
2nd sing. kolhinet et kolhine 2nd sing. lienet kolhinut et liene kolhinut
3rd sing. kolhinee ei kolhine 3rd sing. lienee kolhinut ei liene kolhinut
1st plur. kolhinemme emme kolhine 1st plur. lienemme kolhineet emme liene kolhineet
2nd plur. kolhinette ette kolhine 2nd plur. lienette kolhineet ette liene kolhineet
3rd plur. kolhinevat eivät kolhine 3rd plur. lienevät kolhineet eivät liene kolhineet
passive kolhittaneen ei kolhittane passive lienee kolhittu ei liene kolhittu
Nominal forms
infinitives participles
active passive active passive
1st kolhia present kolhiva kolhittava
long 1st1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st kolhiakseni kolhiaksemme
2nd kolhiaksesi kolhiaksenne
3rd kolhiakseen
kolhiaksensa
past kolhinut kolhittu
2nd inessive2 kolhiessa kolhittaessa agent4 kolhima
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st kolhiessani kolhiessamme
2nd kolhiessasi kolhiessanne
3rd kolhiessaan
kolhiessansa
negative kolhimaton
instructive kolhien —
1) Used only with a possessive suffix.

2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).

4) Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.
3rd inessive kolhimassa —
elative kolhimasta —
illative kolhimaan —
adessive kolhimalla —
abessive kolhimatta —
instructive kolhiman kolhittaman
4th3 verbal noun kolhiminen
5th1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st kolhimaisillani kolhimaisillamme
2nd kolhimaisillasi kolhimaisillanne
3rd kolhimaisillaan
kolhimaisillansa

Derived terms

Further reading

Anagrams

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