kondretongo

Sranan Tongo

Etymology

Univerbation of kondre (“country”) +‎ tongo (“language”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kondɾetoŋo/, [kʊ̞ndɾɪ̞tʊ̞ŋʊ̞], [kɔ̝ndɾe̝tɔ̝ŋɔ̝]

Noun

kondretongo

  1. (obsolete) native African language of an enslaved person[1][2]
    • 1783, C. L. Schumann, “kondre-tongo”, in Neger-Englisches Wörterbuch [Negro English Dictionary]‎[2] (in German), archived from the original on 8 February 2023:
      mi vergeti mi kondre-tongo kaba
      [Mi fergiti mi kondretongo kaba.]
      I've already forgotten my native language.
    • 1855, Hendrik Charles Focke, “Tóngo”, in Neger-Engelsch woordenboek [Negro English Dictionary]‎[3] (in Dutch), Leiden: P.H. van den Heuvell, page 140:
      A de táki hém kóndre tóngo
      [A e taki en kondretongo.]
      He speaks the language of his country [of origin].
    • 1856, Heinrich Wullschlägel, “Muttersprache”, in Deutsch-negerenglisches Wörterbuch. Nebst einem Anhang, negerenglische Sprüchwörter enthaltend [German-Negro English dictionary. Containing, in addition to an appendix, Negro English proverbs]‎[4] (in German), Löbau: J.U. Duroldt, page 164:
      a de taki hem kondre-tongo
      [A e taki en kondretongo.]
      He speaks his native language.
  2. (archaic, rare) any native language
    Synonym: mamatongo
    • 1829, “Acts 2:11”, in Da Njoe Testament va wi masra en helpiman Jesus Christus. [The New Testament of our lord and saviour Jesus Christ.]‎[5], London: British and Foreign Bible Society/W. McDowall, page 213:
      Dem Djoe, ourewan nanga njoewan, da vo Kreta nanga Arabia: wi jeri dem takki nanga dem kondretongo va wi dem grangworko va Gado.
      [Den Dyu, owruwan nanga nyuwan, den fu Kreta nanga Arabia: wi yere den taki nanga den kondretongo fu wi den granwroko fu Gado.]
      The Jews, old ones and new ones, those from Crete and Arabia: we hear them talk using our native languages of the grand works of God.

References

  1. ^ Geert Koefoed, Jacqueline Tarenskeen (1992) “De opbouw van de Sranan woordenschat [The structure of Sranan vocabulary]”, in OSO. Tijdschrift voor Surinaamse taalkunde, letterkunde en geschiedenis‎[1] (in Dutch), Instituut ter Bevordering van de Surinamistiek, →ISSN, page 79
  2. ^ Jacques Arends (2017) Language and Slavery. A social and linguistic history of the Suriname creoles, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN, pages 227-228
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