liesti

Lithuanian

Etymology

From Proto-Baltic *leyt- (whence also Latvian làitît (“to rub, whip, massage, caress”)), of uncertain further origin.^[1]

Buck implicitly derives the Baltic from Proto-Indo-European *h₂leyH- (“to smear”) (by comparing to Latin linō (“to daub, anoint”)), while Chantraine, Pokorny, and Smoczynski tentatively connect the Baltic root to Ancient Greek λίσσομαι (líssomai, “to pray, beseech”),^[2]^[1] with the original form and meaning of the Greek term supposedly being *λιτ-yο-μια (*lit-yo-mia) and "to lovingly caress", from a Proto-Indo-European *leyt- (“to touch”). Rix favors this derivation, explaining the semantic shift in the Greek as "to touch the knees" > "to beseech"; however, Beekes is skeptical of the semantics.^[3]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈlʲiɛ̌.sʲtʲɪ]

Verb

liẽsti (third-person present tense liẽčia, third-person past tense liẽtė)

to touch
to disturb

Conjugation

Conjugation of *liesti*
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
		singular vienaskaita			plural daugiskaita
		aš	tu	jis/ji	mes	jūs	jie/jos
indicative tiesioginė nuosaka	present esamasis laikas	liečiù	lieti̇̀	liẽčia	liẽčiame, liẽčiam	liẽčiate, liẽčiat	liẽčia
	past būtasis kartinis laikas	liečiaũ	lietei̇̃	liẽtė	liẽtėme, liẽtėm	liẽtėte, liẽtėt	liẽtė
	past frequentative būtasis dažninis laikas	liẽsdavau	liẽsdavai	liẽsdavo	liẽsdavome, liẽsdavom	liẽsdavote, liẽsdavot	liẽsdavo
	future būsimasis laikas	liẽsiu	liẽsi	liẽs	liẽsime, liẽsim	liẽsite, liẽsit	liẽs
subjunctive tariamoji nuosaka		liẽsčiau	liẽstum	liẽstų	liẽstumėme, liẽstumėm, liẽstume	liẽstumėte, liẽstumėt	liẽstų
imperative liepiamoji nuosaka		—	liẽsk, liẽski	teliẽčia	liẽskime, liẽskim	liẽskite, liẽskit	teliẽčia

Participles of liesti

adjectival (dalyviai)
	active	passive
present	liẽčiąs, liẽčiantis	liẽčiomas
past	liẽtęs	liẽstas
past frequentative	liẽsdavęs	—
future	liẽsiąs, liẽsiantis	liẽsimas
participle of necessity	—	liẽstinas

adverbial
special pusdalyvis		liẽsdamas
half-participle padalyviai	present	liẽčiant
	past	liẽtus
	past frequentative	liẽsdavus
	future	liẽsiant
manner of action būdinys		liestè, liestinai

Derived terms

paliẽsti

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Smoczyński, Wojciech (2007) “liẽsti”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka litewskiego‎^[1] (in Polish), Vilnius: Uniwersytet Wileński, pages 351-2
^ “liesti”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “λίσσομαι”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 866

[SEJL-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Smoczyński, Wojciech (2007) “liẽsti”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka litewskiego‎^[1] (in Polish), Vilnius: Uniwersytet Wileński, pages 351-2

[2] “liesti”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012

[3] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “λίσσομαι”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 866

[1]

[2]

[3]