londa
Zulu
Verb
-londa
- (transitive) to preserve, to save, to keep, to keep safe
- (transitive) to protect
- (transitive) to observe, to keep in memory
Inflection
| positive | negative | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | ukulonda | ukungalondi | ||||
| imperative | ||||||
| simple | + object concord | |||||
| singular | londa | -londe | ||||
| plural | londani | -londeni | ||||
| present | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyalonda, ngilonda | engilondayo, engilonda | ngilonda | angilondi | engingalondi | ngingalondi |
| 2nd singular | uyalonda, ulonda | olondayo, olonda | ulonda | awulondi | ongalondi | ungalondi |
| 1st plural | siyalonda, silonda | esilondayo, esilonda | silonda | asilondi | esingalondi | singalondi |
| 2nd plural | niyalonda, nilonda | enilondayo, enilonda | nilonda | anilondi | eningalondi | ningalondi |
| class 1 | uyalonda, ulonda | olondayo, olonda | elonda | akalondi | ongalondi | engalondi |
| class 2 | bayalonda, balonda | abalondayo, abalonda | belonda | abalondi | abangalondi | bengalondi |
| class 3 | uyalonda, ulonda | olondayo, olonda | ulonda | awulondi | ongalondi | ungalondi |
| class 4 | iyalonda, ilonda | elondayo, elonda | ilonda | ayilondi | engalondi | ingalondi |
| class 5 | liyalonda, lilonda | elilondayo, elilonda | lilonda | alilondi | elingalondi | lingalondi |
| class 6 | ayalonda, alonda | alondayo, alonda | elonda | awalondi | angalondi | engalondi |
| class 7 | siyalonda, silonda | esilondayo, esilonda | silonda | asilondi | esingalondi | singalondi |
| class 8 | ziyalonda, zilonda | ezilondayo, ezilonda | zilonda | azilondi | ezingalondi | zingalondi |
| class 9 | iyalonda, ilonda | elondayo, elonda | ilonda | ayilondi | engalondi | ingalondi |
| class 10 | ziyalonda, zilonda | ezilondayo, ezilonda | zilonda | azilondi | ezingalondi | zingalondi |
| class 11 | luyalonda, lulonda | olulondayo, olulonda | lulonda | alulondi | olungalondi | lungalondi |
| class 14 | buyalonda, bulonda | obulondayo, obulonda | bulonda | abulondi | obungalondi | bungalondi |
| class 15 | kuyalonda, kulonda | okulondayo, okulonda | kulonda | akulondi | okungalondi | kungalondi |
| class 17 | kuyalonda, kulonda | okulondayo, okulonda | kulonda | akulondi | okungalondi | kungalondi |
| recent past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngilondile, ngilondē | engilondile, engilondē | ngilondile, ngilondē | angilondanga | engingalondanga | ngingalondanga |
| 2nd singular | ulondile, ulondē | olondile, olondē | ulondile, ulondē | awulondanga | ongalondanga | ungalondanga |
| 1st plural | silondile, silondē | esilondile, esilondē | silondile, silondē | asilondanga | esingalondanga | singalondanga |
| 2nd plural | nilondile, nilondē | enilondile, enilondē | nilondile, nilondē | anilondanga | eningalondanga | ningalondanga |
| class 1 | ulondile, ulondē | olondile, olondē | elondile, elondē | akalondanga | ongalondanga | engalondanga |
| class 2 | balondile, balondē | abalondile, abalondē | belondile, belondē | abalondanga | abangalondanga | bengalondanga |
| class 3 | ulondile, ulondē | olondile, olondē | ulondile, ulondē | awulondanga | ongalondanga | ungalondanga |
| class 4 | ilondile, ilondē | elondile, elondē | ilondile, ilondē | ayilondanga | engalondanga | ingalondanga |
| class 5 | lilondile, lilondē | elilondile, elilondē | lilondile, lilondē | alilondanga | elingalondanga | lingalondanga |
| class 6 | alondile, alondē | alondile, alondē | elondile, elondē | awalondanga | angalondanga | engalondanga |
| class 7 | silondile, silondē | esilondile, esilondē | silondile, silondē | asilondanga | esingalondanga | singalondanga |
| class 8 | zilondile, zilondē | ezilondile, ezilondē | zilondile, zilondē | azilondanga | ezingalondanga | zingalondanga |
| class 9 | ilondile, ilondē | elondile, elondē | ilondile, ilondē | ayilondanga | engalondanga | ingalondanga |
| class 10 | zilondile, zilondē | ezilondile, ezilondē | zilondile, zilondē | azilondanga | ezingalondanga | zingalondanga |
| class 11 | lulondile, lulondē | olulondile, olulondē | lulondile, lulondē | alulondanga | olungalondanga | lungalondanga |
| class 14 | bulondile, bulondē | obulondile, obulondē | bulondile, bulondē | abulondanga | obungalondanga | bungalondanga |
| class 15 | kulondile, kulondē | okulondile, okulondē | kulondile, kulondē | akulondanga | okungalondanga | kungalondanga |
| class 17 | kulondile, kulondē | okulondile, okulondē | kulondile, kulondē | akulondanga | okungalondanga | kungalondanga |
| remote past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngālonda | engālonda | ngālonda | angilondanga | engingalondanga | ngingalondanga |
| 2nd singular | wālonda | owālonda | wālonda | awulondanga | ongalondanga | ungalondanga |
| 1st plural | sālonda | esālonda | sālonda | asilondanga | esingalondanga | singalondanga |
| 2nd plural | nālonda | enālonda | nālonda | anilondanga | eningalondanga | ningalondanga |
| class 1 | wālonda | owālonda | ālonda | akalondanga | ongalondanga | engalondanga |
| class 2 | bālonda | abālonda | bālonda | abalondanga | abangalondanga | bengalondanga |
| class 3 | wālonda | owālonda | wālonda | awulondanga | ongalondanga | ungalondanga |
| class 4 | yālonda | eyālonda | yālonda | ayilondanga | engalondanga | ingalondanga |
| class 5 | lālonda | elālonda | lālonda | alilondanga | elingalondanga | lingalondanga |
| class 6 | ālonda | ālonda | ālonda | awalondanga | angalondanga | engalondanga |
| class 7 | sālonda | esālonda | sālonda | asilondanga | esingalondanga | singalondanga |
| class 8 | zālonda | ezālonda | zālonda | azilondanga | ezingalondanga | zingalondanga |
| class 9 | yālonda | eyālonda | yālonda | ayilondanga | engalondanga | ingalondanga |
| class 10 | zālonda | ezālonda | zālonda | azilondanga | ezingalondanga | zingalondanga |
| class 11 | lwālonda | olwālonda | lwālonda | alulondanga | olungalondanga | lungalondanga |
| class 14 | bālonda | obālonda | bālonda | abulondanga | obungalondanga | bungalondanga |
| class 15 | kwālonda | okwālonda | kwālonda | akulondanga | okungalondanga | kungalondanga |
| class 17 | kwālonda | okwālonda | kwālonda | akulondanga | okungalondanga | kungalondanga |
| potential | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngingalonda | — | ngingalonda | ngingelonde | — | ngingelonde |
| 2nd singular | ungalonda | — | ungalonda | ungelonde | — | ungelonde |
| 1st plural | singalonda | — | singalonda | singelonde | — | singelonde |
| 2nd plural | ningalonda | — | ningalonda | ningelonde | — | ningelonde |
| class 1 | angalonda | — | engalonda | angelonde | — | engelonde |
| class 2 | bangalonda | — | bengalonda | bangelonde | — | bengelonde |
| class 3 | ungalonda | — | ungalonda | ungelonde | — | ungelonde |
| class 4 | ingalonda | — | ingalonda | ingelonde | — | ingelonde |
| class 5 | lingalonda | — | lingalonda | lingelonde | — | lingelonde |
| class 6 | angalonda | — | engalonda | angelonde | — | engelonde |
| class 7 | singalonda | — | singalonda | singelonde | — | singelonde |
| class 8 | zingalonda | — | zingalonda | zingelonde | — | zingelonde |
| class 9 | ingalonda | — | ingalonda | ingelonde | — | ingelonde |
| class 10 | zingalonda | — | zingalonda | zingelonde | — | zingelonde |
| class 11 | lungalonda | — | lungalonda | lungelonde | — | lungelonde |
| class 14 | bungalonda | — | bungalonda | bungelonde | — | bungelonde |
| class 15 | kungalonda | — | kungalonda | kungelonde | — | kungelonde |
| class 17 | kungalonda | — | kungalonda | kungelonde | — | kungelonde |
| immediate future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngizolonda | engizolonda | ngizolonda | angizulonda | engingezulonda | ngingezulonda |
| 2nd singular | uzolonda | ozolonda | uzolonda | awuzulonda | ongezulonda | ungezulonda |
| 1st plural | sizolonda | esizolonda | sizolonda | asizulonda | esingezulonda | singezulonda |
| 2nd plural | nizolonda | enizolonda | nizolonda | anizulonda | eningezulonda | ningezulonda |
| class 1 | uzolonda | ozolonda | ezolonda | akazulonda | ongezulonda | engezulonda |
| class 2 | bazolonda | abazolonda | bezolonda | abazulonda | abangezulonda | bengezulonda |
| class 3 | uzolonda | ozolonda | uzolonda | awuzulonda | ongezulonda | ungezulonda |
| class 4 | izolonda | ezolonda | izolonda | ayizulonda | engezulonda | ingezulonda |
| class 5 | lizolonda | elizolonda | lizolonda | alizulonda | elingezulonda | lingezulonda |
| class 6 | azolonda | azolonda | ezolonda | awazulonda | angezulonda | engezulonda |
| class 7 | sizolonda | esizolonda | sizolonda | asizulonda | esingezulonda | singezulonda |
| class 8 | zizolonda | ezizolonda | zizolonda | azizulonda | ezingezulonda | zingezulonda |
| class 9 | izolonda | ezolonda | izolonda | ayizulonda | engezulonda | ingezulonda |
| class 10 | zizolonda | ezizolonda | zizolonda | azizulonda | ezingezulonda | zingezulonda |
| class 11 | luzolonda | oluzolonda | luzolonda | aluzulonda | olungezulonda | lungezulonda |
| class 14 | buzolonda | obuzolonda | buzolonda | abuzulonda | obungezulonda | bungezulonda |
| class 15 | kuzolonda | okuzolonda | kuzolonda | akuzulonda | okungezulonda | kungezulonda |
| class 17 | kuzolonda | okuzolonda | kuzolonda | akuzulonda | okungezulonda | kungezulonda |
| remote future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyolonda | engiyolonda | ngiyolonda | angiyulonda | engingeyulonda | ngingeyulonda |
| 2nd singular | uyolonda | oyolonda | uyolonda | awuyulonda | ongeyulonda | ungeyulonda |
| 1st plural | siyolonda | esiyolonda | siyolonda | asiyulonda | esingeyulonda | singeyulonda |
| 2nd plural | niyolonda | eniyolonda | niyolonda | aniyulonda | eningeyulonda | ningeyulonda |
| class 1 | uyolonda | oyolonda | eyolonda | akayulonda | ongeyulonda | engeyulonda |
| class 2 | bayolonda | abayolonda | beyolonda | abayulonda | abangeyulonda | bengeyulonda |
| class 3 | uyolonda | oyolonda | uyolonda | awuyulonda | ongeyulonda | ungeyulonda |
| class 4 | iyolonda | eyolonda | iyolonda | ayiyulonda | engeyulonda | ingeyulonda |
| class 5 | liyolonda | eliyolonda | liyolonda | aliyulonda | elingeyulonda | lingeyulonda |
| class 6 | ayolonda | ayolonda | eyolonda | awayulonda | angeyulonda | engeyulonda |
| class 7 | siyolonda | esiyolonda | siyolonda | asiyulonda | esingeyulonda | singeyulonda |
| class 8 | ziyolonda | eziyolonda | ziyolonda | aziyulonda | ezingeyulonda | zingeyulonda |
| class 9 | iyolonda | eyolonda | iyolonda | ayiyulonda | engeyulonda | ingeyulonda |
| class 10 | ziyolonda | eziyolonda | ziyolonda | aziyulonda | ezingeyulonda | zingeyulonda |
| class 11 | luyolonda | oluyolonda | luyolonda | aluyulonda | olungeyulonda | lungeyulonda |
| class 14 | buyolonda | obuyolonda | buyolonda | abuyulonda | obungeyulonda | bungeyulonda |
| class 15 | kuyolonda | okuyolonda | kuyolonda | akuyulonda | okungeyulonda | kungeyulonda |
| class 17 | kuyolonda | okuyolonda | kuyolonda | akuyulonda | okungeyulonda | kungeyulonda |
| present subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngilonde | ngingalondi | ||||
| 2nd singular | ulonde | ungalondi | ||||
| 1st plural | silonde | singalondi | ||||
| 2nd plural | nilonde | ningalondi | ||||
| class 1 | alonde | angalondi | ||||
| class 2 | balonde | bangalondi | ||||
| class 3 | ulonde | ungalondi | ||||
| class 4 | ilonde | ingalondi | ||||
| class 5 | lilonde | lingalondi | ||||
| class 6 | alonde | angalondi | ||||
| class 7 | silonde | singalondi | ||||
| class 8 | zilonde | zingalondi | ||||
| class 9 | ilonde | ingalondi | ||||
| class 10 | zilonde | zingalondi | ||||
| class 11 | lulonde | lungalondi | ||||
| class 14 | bulonde | bungalondi | ||||
| class 15 | kulonde | kungalondi | ||||
| class 17 | kulonde | kungalondi | ||||
| past subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngalonda | ngangalonda, angalonda, angangalonda | ||||
| 2nd singular | walonda | wangalonda, awalonda, awangalonda | ||||
| 1st plural | salonda | sangalonda, asalonda, asangalonda | ||||
| 2nd plural | nalonda | nangalonda, analonda, anangalonda | ||||
| class 1 | walonda | wangalonda, akalonda, akangalonda | ||||
| class 2 | balonda | bangalonda, abalonda, abangalonda | ||||
| class 3 | walonda | wangalonda, awalonda, awangalonda | ||||
| class 4 | yalonda | yangalonda, ayalonda, ayangalonda | ||||
| class 5 | lalonda | langalonda, alalonda, alangalonda | ||||
| class 6 | alonda | angalonda, awalonda, awangalonda | ||||
| class 7 | salonda | sangalonda, asalonda, asangalonda | ||||
| class 8 | zalonda | zangalonda, azalonda, azangalonda | ||||
| class 9 | yalonda | yangalonda, ayalonda, ayangalonda | ||||
| class 10 | zalonda | zangalonda, azalonda, azangalonda | ||||
| class 11 | lwalonda | lwangalonda, alwalonda, alwangalonda | ||||
| class 14 | balonda | bangalonda, abalonda, abangalonda | ||||
| class 15 | kwalonda | kwangalonda, akwalonda, akwangalonda | ||||
| class 17 | kwalonda | kwangalonda, akwalonda, akwangalonda | ||||
References
- C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “londa”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “londa (6.3)”