múch

See also: much, mùch, and müch

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish múchaid (“to cover over, press down, suffocate, quench”), from múch (“smoke, stifling vapour”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /mˠuːx/

Verb

múch (present analytic múchann, future analytic múchfaidh, verbal noun múchadh, past participle múchta)

  1. to extinguish, quench (fire)
  2. to choke, strangle, suffocate, smother
  3. to quell, put down, suppress

Conjugation

conjugation of múch (first conjugation – A)
verbal noun múchadh
past participle múchta
tense singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative
present múchaim múchann tú;
múchair† 		múchann sé, sí múchaimid múchann sibh múchann siad;
múchaid† 		a mhúchann; a mhúchas /
a múchann* 		múchtar
past mhúch mé; mhúchas mhúch tú; mhúchais mhúch sé, sí mhúchamar; mhúch muid mhúch sibh; mhúchabhair mhúch siad; mhúchadar a mhúch /
ar mhúch* 		múchadh
past habitual mhúchainn / múchainn‡‡ mhúchtá / múchtᇇ mhúchadh sé, sí / múchadh sé, s퇇 mhúchaimis; mhúchadh muid / múchaimis‡‡; múchadh muid‡‡ mhúchadh sibh / múchadh sibh‡‡ mhúchaidís; mhúchadh siad / múchaidís‡‡; múchadh siad‡‡ a mhúchadh /
a múchadh* 		mhúchtaí / múchta퇇
future múchfaidh mé;
múchfad 		múchfaidh tú;
múchfair† 		múchfaidh sé, sí múchfaimid;
múchfaidh muid 		múchfaidh sibh múchfaidh siad;
múchfaid† 		a mhúchfaidh; a mhúchfas /
a múchfaidh* 		múchfar
conditional mhúchfainn / múchfainn‡‡ mhúchfá / múchfᇇ mhúchfadh sé, sí / múchfadh sé, s퇇 mhúchfaimis; mhúchfadh muid / múchfaimis‡‡; múchfadh muid‡‡ mhúchfadh sibh / múchfadh sibh‡‡ mhúchfaidís; mhúchfadh siad / múchfaidís‡‡; múchfadh siad‡‡ a mhúchfadh /
a múchfadh* 		mhúchfaí / múchfa퇇
subjunctive
present go múcha mé;
go múchad† 		go múcha tú;
go múchair† 		go múcha sé, sí go múchaimid;
go múcha muid 		go múcha sibh go múcha siad;
go múchaid† 		— go múchtar
past dá múchainn dá múchtá dá múchadh sé, sí dá múchaimis;
dá múchadh muid 		dá múchadh sibh dá múchaidís;
dá múchadh siad 		— dá múchtaí
imperative
– múchaim múch múchadh sé, sí múchaimis múchaigí;
múchaidh† 		múchaidís — múchtar

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Derived terms

  • múchtach (“smothering”, adjective)
  • múchtóir (“extinguisher”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of múch
radical lenition eclipsis
múch mhúch not applicable

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

Old Irish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [muːx]

Etymology 1

From Proto-Celtic *muk-. Perhaps related to múich (“gloom, sadness”).

Noun

múch f (genitive múiche)

  1. smoke, vapor
Declension
Feminine ā-stem
singular dual plural
nominative múchL — —
vocative múchL — —
accusative múichN — —
genitive múicheH — —
dative múichL — —
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization
Derived terms
  • múchaid (“to suffocate, extinguish”)

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

múch

  1. second-person singular imperative of múchaid

Verb

·múch

  1. inflection of múchaid:
    1. third-person singular preterite conjunct
    2. first-person singular present subjunctive conjunct

Mutation

Mutation of múch
radical lenition nasalization
múch
also mmúch in h-prothesis environments		 múch
pronounced with /β̃-/		 múch
also mmúch

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

Slovak

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /muːx/

Noun

múch

  1. genitive plural of mucha
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