nurjahtaa
Finnish
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈnurjɑhtɑːˣ/, [ˈnurjɑ̝xt̪ɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -urjɑhtɑː
- Syllabification(key): nur‧jah‧taa
- Hyphenation(key): nur‧jah‧taa
Verb
nurjahtaa
- (intransitive) to buckle (distort or collapse under physical pressure)
Conjugation
| Inflection of nurjahtaa (Kotus type 53*F/muistaa, t-d gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | nurjahdan | en nurjahda | 1st sing. | olen nurjahtanut | en ole nurjahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | nurjahdat | et nurjahda | 2nd sing. | olet nurjahtanut | et ole nurjahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | nurjahtaa | ei nurjahda | 3rd sing. | on nurjahtanut | ei ole nurjahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | nurjahdamme | emme nurjahda | 1st plur. | olemme nurjahtaneet | emme ole nurjahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | nurjahdatte | ette nurjahda | 2nd plur. | olette nurjahtaneet | ette ole nurjahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | nurjahtavat | eivät nurjahda | 3rd plur. | ovat nurjahtaneet | eivät ole nurjahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | nurjahdetaan | ei nurjahdeta | passive | on nurjahdettu | ei ole nurjahdettu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | nurjahdin | en nurjahtanut | 1st sing. | olin nurjahtanut | en ollut nurjahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | nurjahdit | et nurjahtanut | 2nd sing. | olit nurjahtanut | et ollut nurjahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | nurjahti | ei nurjahtanut | 3rd sing. | oli nurjahtanut | ei ollut nurjahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | nurjahdimme | emme nurjahtaneet | 1st plur. | olimme nurjahtaneet | emme olleet nurjahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | nurjahditte | ette nurjahtaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte nurjahtaneet | ette olleet nurjahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | nurjahtivat | eivät nurjahtaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat nurjahtaneet | eivät olleet nurjahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | nurjahdettiin | ei nurjahdettu | passive | oli nurjahdettu | ei ollut nurjahdettu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | nurjahtaisin | en nurjahtaisi | 1st sing. | olisin nurjahtanut | en olisi nurjahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | nurjahtaisit | et nurjahtaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit nurjahtanut | et olisi nurjahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | nurjahtaisi | ei nurjahtaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi nurjahtanut | ei olisi nurjahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | nurjahtaisimme | emme nurjahtaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme nurjahtaneet | emme olisi nurjahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | nurjahtaisitte | ette nurjahtaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte nurjahtaneet | ette olisi nurjahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | nurjahtaisivat | eivät nurjahtaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat nurjahtaneet | eivät olisi nurjahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | nurjahdettaisiin | ei nurjahdettaisi | passive | olisi nurjahdettu | ei olisi nurjahdettu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | nurjahda | älä nurjahda | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | nurjahtakoon | älköön nurjahtako | 3rd sing. | olkoon nurjahtanut | älköön olko nurjahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | nurjahtakaamme | älkäämme nurjahtako | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | nurjahtakaa | älkää nurjahtako | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | nurjahtakoot | älkööt nurjahtako | 3rd plur. | olkoot nurjahtaneet | älkööt olko nurjahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | nurjahdettakoon | älköön nurjahdettako | passive | olkoon nurjahdettu | älköön olko nurjahdettu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | nurjahtanen | en nurjahtane | 1st sing. | lienen nurjahtanut | en liene nurjahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | nurjahtanet | et nurjahtane | 2nd sing. | lienet nurjahtanut | et liene nurjahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | nurjahtanee | ei nurjahtane | 3rd sing. | lienee nurjahtanut | ei liene nurjahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | nurjahtanemme | emme nurjahtane | 1st plur. | lienemme nurjahtaneet | emme liene nurjahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | nurjahtanette | ette nurjahtane | 2nd plur. | lienette nurjahtaneet | ette liene nurjahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | nurjahtanevat | eivät nurjahtane | 3rd plur. | lienevät nurjahtaneet | eivät liene nurjahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | nurjahdettaneen | ei nurjahdettane | passive | lienee nurjahdettu | ei liene nurjahdettu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | nurjahtaa | present | nurjahtava | nurjahdettava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | nurjahtanut | nurjahdettu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | nurjahtaessa | nurjahdettaessa | agent4 | nurjahtama | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | nurjahtamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | nurjahtaen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically. | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | nurjahtamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | nurjahtamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | nurjahtamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | nurjahtamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | nurjahtamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | nurjahtaman | nurjahdettaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th3 | verbal noun | nurjahtaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Derived terms
- nurjahdus
- nurjahtaminen
- nurjauttaa
- nyrjähtää
Further reading
- “nurjahtaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 3 July 2023