paahtaa
Finnish
Alternative forms
- pahtaa (dialectal, Western Finnish)
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *pahtadak. Related to dialectal pahtaa, Karelian puahtua, Livonian pā'tõ, Ludian puahtada and possibly Erzya пуштамс (puštams).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpɑːhtɑːˣ/, [ˈpɑ̝ːxt̪ɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -ɑːhtɑː
- Syllabification(key): paah‧taa
- Hyphenation(key): paah‧taa
Verb
paahtaa
- (transitive) to roast (cook food by heating in an oven or fire)
- (transitive) to toast (lightly cook by browning over fire or in a kitchen appliance)
- (transitive) to roast (process by drying through heat exposure)
- (transitive) to scorch, singe, parch (burn the surface of something)
- (of the sun) to heat (cause an increase in temperature of an object or space)
- (informal) to scorch; drive fast for a long period of time, as e.g. on a motorway
Conjugation
| Inflection of paahtaa (Kotus type 56*F/kaivaa, t-d gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | paahdan | en paahda | 1st sing. | olen paahtanut | en ole paahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | paahdat | et paahda | 2nd sing. | olet paahtanut | et ole paahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | paahtaa | ei paahda | 3rd sing. | on paahtanut | ei ole paahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | paahdamme | emme paahda | 1st plur. | olemme paahtaneet | emme ole paahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | paahdatte | ette paahda | 2nd plur. | olette paahtaneet | ette ole paahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | paahtavat | eivät paahda | 3rd plur. | ovat paahtaneet | eivät ole paahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | paahdetaan | ei paahdeta | passive | on paahdettu | ei ole paahdettu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | paahdoin | en paahtanut | 1st sing. | olin paahtanut | en ollut paahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | paahdoit | et paahtanut | 2nd sing. | olit paahtanut | et ollut paahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | paahtoi | ei paahtanut | 3rd sing. | oli paahtanut | ei ollut paahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | paahdoimme | emme paahtaneet | 1st plur. | olimme paahtaneet | emme olleet paahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | paahdoitte | ette paahtaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte paahtaneet | ette olleet paahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | paahtoivat | eivät paahtaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat paahtaneet | eivät olleet paahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | paahdettiin | ei paahdettu | passive | oli paahdettu | ei ollut paahdettu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | paahtaisin | en paahtaisi | 1st sing. | olisin paahtanut | en olisi paahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | paahtaisit | et paahtaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit paahtanut | et olisi paahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | paahtaisi | ei paahtaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi paahtanut | ei olisi paahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | paahtaisimme | emme paahtaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme paahtaneet | emme olisi paahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | paahtaisitte | ette paahtaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte paahtaneet | ette olisi paahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | paahtaisivat | eivät paahtaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat paahtaneet | eivät olisi paahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | paahdettaisiin | ei paahdettaisi | passive | olisi paahdettu | ei olisi paahdettu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | paahda | älä paahda | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | paahtakoon | älköön paahtako | 3rd sing. | olkoon paahtanut | älköön olko paahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | paahtakaamme | älkäämme paahtako | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | paahtakaa | älkää paahtako | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | paahtakoot | älkööt paahtako | 3rd plur. | olkoot paahtaneet | älkööt olko paahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | paahdettakoon | älköön paahdettako | passive | olkoon paahdettu | älköön olko paahdettu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | paahtanen | en paahtane | 1st sing. | lienen paahtanut | en liene paahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | paahtanet | et paahtane | 2nd sing. | lienet paahtanut | et liene paahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | paahtanee | ei paahtane | 3rd sing. | lienee paahtanut | ei liene paahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | paahtanemme | emme paahtane | 1st plur. | lienemme paahtaneet | emme liene paahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | paahtanette | ette paahtane | 2nd plur. | lienette paahtaneet | ette liene paahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | paahtanevat | eivät paahtane | 3rd plur. | lienevät paahtaneet | eivät liene paahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | paahdettaneen | ei paahdettane | passive | lienee paahdettu | ei liene paahdettu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | paahtaa | present | paahtava | paahdettava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | paahtanut | paahdettu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | paahtaessa | paahdettaessa | agent4 | paahtama | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | paahtamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | paahtaen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically. | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | paahtamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | paahtamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | paahtamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | paahtamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | paahtamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | paahtaman | paahdettaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th3 | verbal noun | paahtaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Derived terms
compounds
Further reading
- “paahtaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 3 July 2023