Swahili
Pronunciation
Verb
-pandana (infinitive kupandana)
- Reciprocal form of -panda
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -pandana
|
| Positive present
|
-napandana
|
| Subjunctive
|
-pandane
|
| Negative
|
-pandani
|
| Imperative singular
|
pandana
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
pandana
|
| Plural
|
pandaneni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hupandana
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lipandana
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kupandana
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -napandana)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninapandana/napandana
|
tunapandana
|
| 2nd person
|
unapandana
|
mnapandana
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anapandana
|
wanapandana
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -napandana
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -pandani)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sipandani
|
hatupandani
|
| 2nd person
|
hupandani
|
hampandani
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hapandani
|
hawapandani
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -pandani
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tapandana
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tapandana
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -pandane)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nipandane
|
tupandane
|
| 2nd person
|
upandane
|
mpandane
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
apandane
|
wapandane
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -pandane
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sipandane
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngepandana
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singepandana
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalipandana
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalipandana
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -apandana)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
napandana
|
twapandana
|
| 2nd person
|
wapandana
|
mwapandana
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
apandana
|
wapandana
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wapandana
|
yapandana
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lapandana
|
yapandana
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chapandana
|
vyapandana
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yapandana
|
zapandana
|
| u(XI)
|
wapandana
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwapandana
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
papandana
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwapandana
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mepandana
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshapandana
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -japandana
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kipandana
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipopandana
|
| Consecutive
|
kapandana / positive subject concord + -kapandana
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kapandane
|
| Object concord
|
—
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + -pandana- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-pandanaye
|
-pandanao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-pandanao
|
-pandanayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-pandanalo
|
-pandanayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-pandanacho
|
-pandanavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-pandanayo
|
-pandanazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-pandanao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-pandanako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pandanapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-pandanamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + -pandana)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yepandana
|
-opandana
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-opandana
|
-yopandana
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lopandana
|
-yopandana
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chopandana
|
-vyopandana
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yopandana
|
-zopandana
|
| u(XI)
|
-opandana
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kopandana
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-popandana
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mopandana
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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