parfaire
French
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /paʁ.fɛʁ/
Audio: (file)
Verb
parfaire
- (literary) to finish, to complete
- Synonym: parachever
- to make a supplementary payment
Conjugation
- This verb is very rare outside of compound tenses.
Conjugation of parfaire (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | parfaire | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | parfaisant /paʁ.fə.zɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | parfait /paʁ.fɛ/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | parfais /paʁ.fɛ/ |
parfais /paʁ.fɛ/ |
parfait /paʁ.fɛ/ |
parfaisons /paʁ.fə.zɔ̃/ |
parfaites /paʁ.fɛt/ |
parfont /paʁ.fɔ̃/ |
| imperfect | parfaisais /paʁ.fə.zɛ/ |
parfaisais /paʁ.fə.zɛ/ |
parfaisait /paʁ.fə.zɛ/ |
parfaisions /paʁ.fə.zjɔ̃/ |
parfaisiez /paʁ.fə.zje/ |
parfaisaient /paʁ.fə.zɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | parfis /paʁ.fi/ |
parfis /paʁ.fi/ |
parfit /paʁ.fi/ |
parfîmes /paʁ.fim/ |
parfîtes /paʁ.fit/ |
parfirent /paʁ.fiʁ/ | |
| future | parferai /paʁ.fə.ʁe/ |
parferas /paʁ.fə.ʁa/ |
parfera /paʁ.fə.ʁa/ |
parferons /paʁ.fə.ʁɔ̃/ |
parferez /paʁ.fə.ʁe/ |
parferont /paʁ.fə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | parferais /paʁ.fə.ʁɛ/ |
parferais /paʁ.fə.ʁɛ/ |
parferait /paʁ.fə.ʁɛ/ |
parferions /paʁ.fə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
parferiez /paʁ.fə.ʁje/ |
parferaient /paʁ.fə.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | parfasse /paʁ.fas/ |
parfasses /paʁ.fas/ |
parfasse /paʁ.fas/ |
parfassions /paʁ.fa.sjɔ̃/ |
parfassiez /paʁ.fa.sje/ |
parfassent /paʁ.fas/ |
| imperfect2 | parfisse /paʁ.fis/ |
parfisses /paʁ.fis/ |
parfît /paʁ.fi/ |
parfissions /paʁ.fi.sjɔ̃/ |
parfissiez /paʁ.fi.sje/ |
parfissent /paʁ.fis/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | parfais /paʁ.fɛ/ |
— | parfaisons /paʁ.fə.zɔ̃/ |
parfaites /paʁ.fɛt/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Related terms
Further reading
- “parfaire”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Old French
Verb
parfaire
- to perfect
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb has irregularities in its conjugation. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of parfaire (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | parfaire | avoir parfait | |||||
| gerund | en parfaisant | gerund of avoir + past participle | |||||
| present participle | parfaisant | ||||||
| past participle | parfait | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | parfaz, parfai | parfais | parfait | parfaimes, parfaisons | parfaites | parfont |
| imperfect | parfaisoie, parfaiseie | parfaisoies, parfaiseies | parfaisoit, parfaiseit | parfaisiiens, parfaisiens | parfaisiiez, parfaisiez | parfaisoient, parfaiseient | |
| preterite | parfis | parfeṣis | parfist | parfeṣimes | parfeṣistes | parfirent | |
| future | parferai | parferas | parfera | parferons | parferoiz, parfereiz, parferez | parferont | |
| conditional | parferoie, parfereie | parferoies, parfereies | parferoit, parfereit | parferiiens, parferiens | parferiiez, parferiez | parferoient, parfereient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | present tense of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | preterite tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | parface | parfaces | parface | parfaciens, parfaçons | parfaciez | parfacent |
| imperfect | parfeṣisse | parfeṣisses | parfeṣist | parfeṣissons, parfeṣissiens | parfeṣissoiz, parfeṣissez, parfeṣissiez | parfeṣissent | |
| compound tenses |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | parfa | — | parfaimes, parfaisons | parfaites | — | ||
References
- Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (parfaire, supplement)