penates

From Latin Penātēs, from penus (“inner part of house”).

• (UK) IPA^(key): /pəˈnɑːtiːz/
• (US) IPA^(key): /pəˈnɑtiz/, /pəˈneɪtiz/
• Rhymes: -eɪtiz

penates pl (plural only)

1. (Roman mythology) The household deities thought to watch over the houses and storerooms of ancient Rome.
   • 1646, Thomas Browne, Pseudodoxia Epidemica, I.3:

     lest the name thereof being discovered unto their enemies, their Penates and Patronal Gods might be called forth by charms and incantations.

2. (figuratively) Synonym of household deities in other contexts.
   • 1831, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XII, in Romance and Reality. […], volume I, London: Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC, page 101:

     ...and a china shepherd and shepherdess, clothed in "a green and yellow melancholy," were the penates of the mantel-piece.

• lares and penates

• nepetas, pesante, septane

From penus (“food provisions stored inside”) +‎ -ās. Originally an adjective chiefly used in the phrase dī penātēs "gods of the home". Compare penetrālia.

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [pɛˈnaː.teːs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [peˈnaː.t̪es]

penātēs m pl (genitive penātium); third declension

1. Roman guardian deities of the household
2. (metonymic) dwelling, home, hearth
3. the cells of bees

   Synonym: favī

4. a temple

Third-declension noun (i-stem), plural only.

• English: penates
• French: pénates
• German: Penaten

• penates in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “penates”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• penates in Georges, Karl Ernst, Georges, Heinrich (1913–1918) Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, 8th edition, volume 2, Hahnsche Buchhandlung