pernah

Inherited from Malay pernah, from Sanskrit पारणा (pāraṇā, “going through”).

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /pərˈnah/ [pərˈnah]
• Rhymes: -ah
• Syllabification: per‧nah

pêrnah

1. semelfactive or non-iterative aspect i. e. the action or situation has happened once or more but did not repeat itself

   Synonym: sempat

• tidak pernah (“never”)
• belum pernah (“never so far but might happen one day”)

• “pernah” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Borrowed from Sanskrit पारणा (pāraṇā, “going through”).

• (Johor-Riau) IPA^(key): /pə(r)ˈnah/ [pə(r)ˈnah]

  • Audio (Malaysia, non-rhotic):

    (file)

• (Baku) IPA^(key): /pərˈnah/ [pərˈnah]

  • Audio (Malaysia, rhotic):

    (file)

• Rhymes: -nah, -ah
• Hyphenation: per‧nah

pernah (Jawi spelling ڤرنه)

1. semelfactive aspect marker, indicating an action or situation has happened in the past but doesn't anymore

   Adam pernah baca novel macam itu.

   Adam has read novels like that.

• > Indonesian: pernah (inherited)

• “pernah” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.