phatha
Xhosa
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-jípata.
Verb
-phátha
- to carry
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Zulu
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-jípata.
Verb
-phátha
- carry, hold (in the hand)
- Wafika ephethe incwadi.
- He arrived carrying a book.
- address, manage
- administer, command
Inflection
| positive | negative | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | ukuphatha | ukungaphathi | ||||
| imperative | ||||||
| simple | + object concord | |||||
| singular | phatha | -phathe | ||||
| plural | phathani | -phatheni | ||||
| stative | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiphethe | engiphethe | ngiphethe | angiphethe | engingaphethe | ngingaphethe |
| 2nd singular | uphethe | ophethe | uphethe | awuphethe | ongaphethe | ungaphethe |
| 1st plural | siphethe | esiphethe | siphethe | asiphethe | esingaphethe | singaphethe |
| 2nd plural | niphethe | eniphethe | niphethe | aniphethe | eningaphethe | ningaphethe |
| class 1 | uphethe | ophethe | ephethe | akaphethe | ongaphethe | engaphethe |
| class 2 | baphethe | abaphethe | bephethe | abaphethe | abangaphethe | bengaphethe |
| class 3 | uphethe | ophethe | uphethe | awuphethe | ongaphethe | ongaphethe |
| class 4 | iphethe | ephethe | iphethe | ayiphethe | engaphethe | ingaphethe |
| class 5 | liphethe | eliphethe | liphethe | aliphethe | elingaphethe | lingaphethe |
| class 6 | aphethe | aphethe | ephethe | awaphethe | angaphethe | engaphethe |
| class 7 | siphethe | esiphethe | siphethe | asiphethe | esingaphethe | singaphethe |
| class 8 | ziphethe | eziphethe | ziphethe | aziphethe | ezingaphethe | zingaphethe |
| class 9 | iphethe | ephethe | iphethe | ayiphethe | engaphethe | ingaphethe |
| class 10 | ziphethe | eziphethe | ziphethe | aziphethe | ezingaphethe | zingaphethe |
| class 11 | luphethe | oluphethe | luphethe | aluphethe | olungaphethe | lungaphethe |
| class 14 | buphethe | obuphethe | buphethe | abuphethe | obungaphethe | bungaphethe |
| class 15 | kuphethe | okuphethe | kuphethe | akuphethe | okungaphethe | kungaphethe |
| class 17 | kuphethe | okuphethe | kuphethe | akuphethe | okungaphethe | kungaphethe |
| present | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyaphatha, ngiphatha | engiphathayo, engiphatha | ngiphatha | angiphathi | engingaphathi | ngingaphathi |
| 2nd singular | uyaphatha, uphatha | ophathayo, ophatha | uphatha | awuphathi | ongaphathi | ungaphathi |
| 1st plural | siyaphatha, siphatha | esiphathayo, esiphatha | siphatha | asiphathi | esingaphathi | singaphathi |
| 2nd plural | niyaphatha, niphatha | eniphathayo, eniphatha | niphatha | aniphathi | eningaphathi | ningaphathi |
| class 1 | uyaphatha, uphatha | ophathayo, ophatha | ephatha | akaphathi | ongaphathi | engaphathi |
| class 2 | bayaphatha, baphatha | abaphathayo, abaphatha | bephatha | abaphathi | abangaphathi | bengaphathi |
| class 3 | uyaphatha, uphatha | ophathayo, ophatha | uphatha | awuphathi | ongaphathi | ungaphathi |
| class 4 | iyaphatha, iphatha | ephathayo, ephatha | iphatha | ayiphathi | engaphathi | ingaphathi |
| class 5 | liyaphatha, liphatha | eliphathayo, eliphatha | liphatha | aliphathi | elingaphathi | lingaphathi |
| class 6 | ayaphatha, aphatha | aphathayo, aphatha | ephatha | awaphathi | angaphathi | engaphathi |
| class 7 | siyaphatha, siphatha | esiphathayo, esiphatha | siphatha | asiphathi | esingaphathi | singaphathi |
| class 8 | ziyaphatha, ziphatha | eziphathayo, eziphatha | ziphatha | aziphathi | ezingaphathi | zingaphathi |
| class 9 | iyaphatha, iphatha | ephathayo, ephatha | iphatha | ayiphathi | engaphathi | ingaphathi |
| class 10 | ziyaphatha, ziphatha | eziphathayo, eziphatha | ziphatha | aziphathi | ezingaphathi | zingaphathi |
| class 11 | luyaphatha, luphatha | oluphathayo, oluphatha | luphatha | aluphathi | olungaphathi | lungaphathi |
| class 14 | buyaphatha, buphatha | obuphathayo, obuphatha | buphatha | abuphathi | obungaphathi | bungaphathi |
| class 15 | kuyaphatha, kuphatha | okuphathayo, okuphatha | kuphatha | akuphathi | okungaphathi | kungaphathi |
| class 17 | kuyaphatha, kuphatha | okuphathayo, okuphatha | kuphatha | akuphathi | okungaphathi | kungaphathi |
| recent past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiphathile, ngiphathē | engiphathile, engiphathē | ngiphathile, ngiphathē | angiphathanga | engingaphathanga | ngingaphathanga |
| 2nd singular | uphathile, uphathē | ophathile, ophathē | uphathile, uphathē | awuphathanga | ongaphathanga | ungaphathanga |
| 1st plural | siphathile, siphathē | esiphathile, esiphathē | siphathile, siphathē | asiphathanga | esingaphathanga | singaphathanga |
| 2nd plural | niphathile, niphathē | eniphathile, eniphathē | niphathile, niphathē | aniphathanga | eningaphathanga | ningaphathanga |
| class 1 | uphathile, uphathē | ophathile, ophathē | ephathile, ephathē | akaphathanga | ongaphathanga | engaphathanga |
| class 2 | baphathile, baphathē | abaphathile, abaphathē | bephathile, bephathē | abaphathanga | abangaphathanga | bengaphathanga |
| class 3 | uphathile, uphathē | ophathile, ophathē | uphathile, uphathē | awuphathanga | ongaphathanga | ungaphathanga |
| class 4 | iphathile, iphathē | ephathile, ephathē | iphathile, iphathē | ayiphathanga | engaphathanga | ingaphathanga |
| class 5 | liphathile, liphathē | eliphathile, eliphathē | liphathile, liphathē | aliphathanga | elingaphathanga | lingaphathanga |
| class 6 | aphathile, aphathē | aphathile, aphathē | ephathile, ephathē | awaphathanga | angaphathanga | engaphathanga |
| class 7 | siphathile, siphathē | esiphathile, esiphathē | siphathile, siphathē | asiphathanga | esingaphathanga | singaphathanga |
| class 8 | ziphathile, ziphathē | eziphathile, eziphathē | ziphathile, ziphathē | aziphathanga | ezingaphathanga | zingaphathanga |
| class 9 | iphathile, iphathē | ephathile, ephathē | iphathile, iphathē | ayiphathanga | engaphathanga | ingaphathanga |
| class 10 | ziphathile, ziphathē | eziphathile, eziphathē | ziphathile, ziphathē | aziphathanga | ezingaphathanga | zingaphathanga |
| class 11 | luphathile, luphathē | oluphathile, oluphathē | luphathile, luphathē | aluphathanga | olungaphathanga | lungaphathanga |
| class 14 | buphathile, buphathē | obuphathile, obuphathē | buphathile, buphathē | abuphathanga | obungaphathanga | bungaphathanga |
| class 15 | kuphathile, kuphathē | okuphathile, okuphathē | kuphathile, kuphathē | akuphathanga | okungaphathanga | kungaphathanga |
| class 17 | kuphathile, kuphathē | okuphathile, okuphathē | kuphathile, kuphathē | akuphathanga | okungaphathanga | kungaphathanga |
| remote past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngāphatha | engāphatha | ngāphatha | angiphathanga | engingaphathanga | ngingaphathanga |
| 2nd singular | wāphatha | owāphatha | wāphatha | awuphathanga | ongaphathanga | ungaphathanga |
| 1st plural | sāphatha | esāphatha | sāphatha | asiphathanga | esingaphathanga | singaphathanga |
| 2nd plural | nāphatha | enāphatha | nāphatha | aniphathanga | eningaphathanga | ningaphathanga |
| class 1 | wāphatha | owāphatha | āphatha | akaphathanga | ongaphathanga | engaphathanga |
| class 2 | bāphatha | abāphatha | bāphatha | abaphathanga | abangaphathanga | bengaphathanga |
| class 3 | wāphatha | owāphatha | wāphatha | awuphathanga | ongaphathanga | ungaphathanga |
| class 4 | yāphatha | eyāphatha | yāphatha | ayiphathanga | engaphathanga | ingaphathanga |
| class 5 | lāphatha | elāphatha | lāphatha | aliphathanga | elingaphathanga | lingaphathanga |
| class 6 | āphatha | āphatha | āphatha | awaphathanga | angaphathanga | engaphathanga |
| class 7 | sāphatha | esāphatha | sāphatha | asiphathanga | esingaphathanga | singaphathanga |
| class 8 | zāphatha | ezāphatha | zāphatha | aziphathanga | ezingaphathanga | zingaphathanga |
| class 9 | yāphatha | eyāphatha | yāphatha | ayiphathanga | engaphathanga | ingaphathanga |
| class 10 | zāphatha | ezāphatha | zāphatha | aziphathanga | ezingaphathanga | zingaphathanga |
| class 11 | lwāphatha | olwāphatha | lwāphatha | aluphathanga | olungaphathanga | lungaphathanga |
| class 14 | bāphatha | obāphatha | bāphatha | abuphathanga | obungaphathanga | bungaphathanga |
| class 15 | kwāphatha | okwāphatha | kwāphatha | akuphathanga | okungaphathanga | kungaphathanga |
| class 17 | kwāphatha | okwāphatha | kwāphatha | akuphathanga | okungaphathanga | kungaphathanga |
| potential | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngingaphatha | — | ngingaphatha | ngingephathe | — | ngingephathe |
| 2nd singular | ungaphatha | — | ungaphatha | ungephathe | — | ungephathe |
| 1st plural | singaphatha | — | singaphatha | singephathe | — | singephathe |
| 2nd plural | ningaphatha | — | ningaphatha | ningephathe | — | ningephathe |
| class 1 | angaphatha | — | engaphatha | angephathe | — | engephathe |
| class 2 | bangaphatha | — | bengaphatha | bangephathe | — | bengephathe |
| class 3 | ungaphatha | — | ungaphatha | ungephathe | — | ungephathe |
| class 4 | ingaphatha | — | ingaphatha | ingephathe | — | ingephathe |
| class 5 | lingaphatha | — | lingaphatha | lingephathe | — | lingephathe |
| class 6 | angaphatha | — | engaphatha | angephathe | — | engephathe |
| class 7 | singaphatha | — | singaphatha | singephathe | — | singephathe |
| class 8 | zingaphatha | — | zingaphatha | zingephathe | — | zingephathe |
| class 9 | ingaphatha | — | ingaphatha | ingephathe | — | ingephathe |
| class 10 | zingaphatha | — | zingaphatha | zingephathe | — | zingephathe |
| class 11 | lungaphatha | — | lungaphatha | lungephathe | — | lungephathe |
| class 14 | bungaphatha | — | bungaphatha | bungephathe | — | bungephathe |
| class 15 | kungaphatha | — | kungaphatha | kungephathe | — | kungephathe |
| class 17 | kungaphatha | — | kungaphatha | kungephathe | — | kungephathe |
| immediate future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngizophatha | engizophatha | ngizophatha | angizuphatha | engingezuphatha | ngingezuphatha |
| 2nd singular | uzophatha | ozophatha | uzophatha | awuzuphatha | ongezuphatha | ungezuphatha |
| 1st plural | sizophatha | esizophatha | sizophatha | asizuphatha | esingezuphatha | singezuphatha |
| 2nd plural | nizophatha | enizophatha | nizophatha | anizuphatha | eningezuphatha | ningezuphatha |
| class 1 | uzophatha | ozophatha | ezophatha | akazuphatha | ongezuphatha | engezuphatha |
| class 2 | bazophatha | abazophatha | bezophatha | abazuphatha | abangezuphatha | bengezuphatha |
| class 3 | uzophatha | ozophatha | uzophatha | awuzuphatha | ongezuphatha | ungezuphatha |
| class 4 | izophatha | ezophatha | izophatha | ayizuphatha | engezuphatha | ingezuphatha |
| class 5 | lizophatha | elizophatha | lizophatha | alizuphatha | elingezuphatha | lingezuphatha |
| class 6 | azophatha | azophatha | ezophatha | awazuphatha | angezuphatha | engezuphatha |
| class 7 | sizophatha | esizophatha | sizophatha | asizuphatha | esingezuphatha | singezuphatha |
| class 8 | zizophatha | ezizophatha | zizophatha | azizuphatha | ezingezuphatha | zingezuphatha |
| class 9 | izophatha | ezophatha | izophatha | ayizuphatha | engezuphatha | ingezuphatha |
| class 10 | zizophatha | ezizophatha | zizophatha | azizuphatha | ezingezuphatha | zingezuphatha |
| class 11 | luzophatha | oluzophatha | luzophatha | aluzuphatha | olungezuphatha | lungezuphatha |
| class 14 | buzophatha | obuzophatha | buzophatha | abuzuphatha | obungezuphatha | bungezuphatha |
| class 15 | kuzophatha | okuzophatha | kuzophatha | akuzuphatha | okungezuphatha | kungezuphatha |
| class 17 | kuzophatha | okuzophatha | kuzophatha | akuzuphatha | okungezuphatha | kungezuphatha |
| remote future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyophatha | engiyophatha | ngiyophatha | angiyuphatha | engingeyuphatha | ngingeyuphatha |
| 2nd singular | uyophatha | oyophatha | uyophatha | awuyuphatha | ongeyuphatha | ungeyuphatha |
| 1st plural | siyophatha | esiyophatha | siyophatha | asiyuphatha | esingeyuphatha | singeyuphatha |
| 2nd plural | niyophatha | eniyophatha | niyophatha | aniyuphatha | eningeyuphatha | ningeyuphatha |
| class 1 | uyophatha | oyophatha | eyophatha | akayuphatha | ongeyuphatha | engeyuphatha |
| class 2 | bayophatha | abayophatha | beyophatha | abayuphatha | abangeyuphatha | bengeyuphatha |
| class 3 | uyophatha | oyophatha | uyophatha | awuyuphatha | ongeyuphatha | ungeyuphatha |
| class 4 | iyophatha | eyophatha | iyophatha | ayiyuphatha | engeyuphatha | ingeyuphatha |
| class 5 | liyophatha | eliyophatha | liyophatha | aliyuphatha | elingeyuphatha | lingeyuphatha |
| class 6 | ayophatha | ayophatha | eyophatha | awayuphatha | angeyuphatha | engeyuphatha |
| class 7 | siyophatha | esiyophatha | siyophatha | asiyuphatha | esingeyuphatha | singeyuphatha |
| class 8 | ziyophatha | eziyophatha | ziyophatha | aziyuphatha | ezingeyuphatha | zingeyuphatha |
| class 9 | iyophatha | eyophatha | iyophatha | ayiyuphatha | engeyuphatha | ingeyuphatha |
| class 10 | ziyophatha | eziyophatha | ziyophatha | aziyuphatha | ezingeyuphatha | zingeyuphatha |
| class 11 | luyophatha | oluyophatha | luyophatha | aluyuphatha | olungeyuphatha | lungeyuphatha |
| class 14 | buyophatha | obuyophatha | buyophatha | abuyuphatha | obungeyuphatha | bungeyuphatha |
| class 15 | kuyophatha | okuyophatha | kuyophatha | akuyuphatha | okungeyuphatha | kungeyuphatha |
| class 17 | kuyophatha | okuyophatha | kuyophatha | akuyuphatha | okungeyuphatha | kungeyuphatha |
| present subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngiphathe | ngingaphathi | ||||
| 2nd singular | uphathe | ungaphathi | ||||
| 1st plural | siphathe | singaphathi | ||||
| 2nd plural | niphathe | ningaphathi | ||||
| class 1 | aphathe | angaphathi | ||||
| class 2 | baphathe | bangaphathi | ||||
| class 3 | uphathe | ungaphathi | ||||
| class 4 | iphathe | ingaphathi | ||||
| class 5 | liphathe | lingaphathi | ||||
| class 6 | aphathe | angaphathi | ||||
| class 7 | siphathe | singaphathi | ||||
| class 8 | ziphathe | zingaphathi | ||||
| class 9 | iphathe | ingaphathi | ||||
| class 10 | ziphathe | zingaphathi | ||||
| class 11 | luphathe | lungaphathi | ||||
| class 14 | buphathe | bungaphathi | ||||
| class 15 | kuphathe | kungaphathi | ||||
| class 17 | kuphathe | kungaphathi | ||||
| past subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngaphatha | ngangaphatha, angaphatha, angangaphatha | ||||
| 2nd singular | waphatha | wangaphatha, awaphatha, awangaphatha | ||||
| 1st plural | saphatha | sangaphatha, asaphatha, asangaphatha | ||||
| 2nd plural | naphatha | nangaphatha, anaphatha, anangaphatha | ||||
| class 1 | waphatha | wangaphatha, akaphatha, akangaphatha | ||||
| class 2 | baphatha | bangaphatha, abaphatha, abangaphatha | ||||
| class 3 | waphatha | wangaphatha, awaphatha, awangaphatha | ||||
| class 4 | yaphatha | yangaphatha, ayaphatha, ayangaphatha | ||||
| class 5 | laphatha | langaphatha, alaphatha, alangaphatha | ||||
| class 6 | aphatha | angaphatha, awaphatha, awangaphatha | ||||
| class 7 | saphatha | sangaphatha, asaphatha, asangaphatha | ||||
| class 8 | zaphatha | zangaphatha, azaphatha, azangaphatha | ||||
| class 9 | yaphatha | yangaphatha, ayaphatha, ayangaphatha | ||||
| class 10 | zaphatha | zangaphatha, azaphatha, azangaphatha | ||||
| class 11 | lwaphatha | lwangaphatha, alwaphatha, alwangaphatha | ||||
| class 14 | baphatha | bangaphatha, abaphatha, abangaphatha | ||||
| class 15 | kwaphatha | kwangaphatha, akwaphatha, akwangaphatha | ||||
| class 17 | kwaphatha | kwangaphatha, akwaphatha, akwangaphatha | ||||
Derived terms
References
- C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “phatha”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “phatha (3.9)”