phonsa
Zulu
Verb
-phonsa
- (transitive) to throw
Inflection
| positive | negative | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | ukuphonsa | ukungaphonsi | ||||
| imperative | ||||||
| simple | + object concord | |||||
| singular | phonsa | -phonse | ||||
| plural | phonsani | -phonseni | ||||
| present | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyaphonsa, ngiphonsa | engiphonsayo, engiphonsa | ngiphonsa | angiphonsi | engingaphonsi | ngingaphonsi |
| 2nd singular | uyaphonsa, uphonsa | ophonsayo, ophonsa | uphonsa | awuphonsi | ongaphonsi | ungaphonsi |
| 1st plural | siyaphonsa, siphonsa | esiphonsayo, esiphonsa | siphonsa | asiphonsi | esingaphonsi | singaphonsi |
| 2nd plural | niyaphonsa, niphonsa | eniphonsayo, eniphonsa | niphonsa | aniphonsi | eningaphonsi | ningaphonsi |
| class 1 | uyaphonsa, uphonsa | ophonsayo, ophonsa | ephonsa | akaphonsi | ongaphonsi | engaphonsi |
| class 2 | bayaphonsa, baphonsa | abaphonsayo, abaphonsa | bephonsa | abaphonsi | abangaphonsi | bengaphonsi |
| class 3 | uyaphonsa, uphonsa | ophonsayo, ophonsa | uphonsa | awuphonsi | ongaphonsi | ungaphonsi |
| class 4 | iyaphonsa, iphonsa | ephonsayo, ephonsa | iphonsa | ayiphonsi | engaphonsi | ingaphonsi |
| class 5 | liyaphonsa, liphonsa | eliphonsayo, eliphonsa | liphonsa | aliphonsi | elingaphonsi | lingaphonsi |
| class 6 | ayaphonsa, aphonsa | aphonsayo, aphonsa | ephonsa | awaphonsi | angaphonsi | engaphonsi |
| class 7 | siyaphonsa, siphonsa | esiphonsayo, esiphonsa | siphonsa | asiphonsi | esingaphonsi | singaphonsi |
| class 8 | ziyaphonsa, ziphonsa | eziphonsayo, eziphonsa | ziphonsa | aziphonsi | ezingaphonsi | zingaphonsi |
| class 9 | iyaphonsa, iphonsa | ephonsayo, ephonsa | iphonsa | ayiphonsi | engaphonsi | ingaphonsi |
| class 10 | ziyaphonsa, ziphonsa | eziphonsayo, eziphonsa | ziphonsa | aziphonsi | ezingaphonsi | zingaphonsi |
| class 11 | luyaphonsa, luphonsa | oluphonsayo, oluphonsa | luphonsa | aluphonsi | olungaphonsi | lungaphonsi |
| class 14 | buyaphonsa, buphonsa | obuphonsayo, obuphonsa | buphonsa | abuphonsi | obungaphonsi | bungaphonsi |
| class 15 | kuyaphonsa, kuphonsa | okuphonsayo, okuphonsa | kuphonsa | akuphonsi | okungaphonsi | kungaphonsi |
| class 17 | kuyaphonsa, kuphonsa | okuphonsayo, okuphonsa | kuphonsa | akuphonsi | okungaphonsi | kungaphonsi |
| recent past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiphonsile, ngiphonsē | engiphonsile, engiphonsē | ngiphonsile, ngiphonsē | angiphonsanga | engingaphonsanga | ngingaphonsanga |
| 2nd singular | uphonsile, uphonsē | ophonsile, ophonsē | uphonsile, uphonsē | awuphonsanga | ongaphonsanga | ungaphonsanga |
| 1st plural | siphonsile, siphonsē | esiphonsile, esiphonsē | siphonsile, siphonsē | asiphonsanga | esingaphonsanga | singaphonsanga |
| 2nd plural | niphonsile, niphonsē | eniphonsile, eniphonsē | niphonsile, niphonsē | aniphonsanga | eningaphonsanga | ningaphonsanga |
| class 1 | uphonsile, uphonsē | ophonsile, ophonsē | ephonsile, ephonsē | akaphonsanga | ongaphonsanga | engaphonsanga |
| class 2 | baphonsile, baphonsē | abaphonsile, abaphonsē | bephonsile, bephonsē | abaphonsanga | abangaphonsanga | bengaphonsanga |
| class 3 | uphonsile, uphonsē | ophonsile, ophonsē | uphonsile, uphonsē | awuphonsanga | ongaphonsanga | ungaphonsanga |
| class 4 | iphonsile, iphonsē | ephonsile, ephonsē | iphonsile, iphonsē | ayiphonsanga | engaphonsanga | ingaphonsanga |
| class 5 | liphonsile, liphonsē | eliphonsile, eliphonsē | liphonsile, liphonsē | aliphonsanga | elingaphonsanga | lingaphonsanga |
| class 6 | aphonsile, aphonsē | aphonsile, aphonsē | ephonsile, ephonsē | awaphonsanga | angaphonsanga | engaphonsanga |
| class 7 | siphonsile, siphonsē | esiphonsile, esiphonsē | siphonsile, siphonsē | asiphonsanga | esingaphonsanga | singaphonsanga |
| class 8 | ziphonsile, ziphonsē | eziphonsile, eziphonsē | ziphonsile, ziphonsē | aziphonsanga | ezingaphonsanga | zingaphonsanga |
| class 9 | iphonsile, iphonsē | ephonsile, ephonsē | iphonsile, iphonsē | ayiphonsanga | engaphonsanga | ingaphonsanga |
| class 10 | ziphonsile, ziphonsē | eziphonsile, eziphonsē | ziphonsile, ziphonsē | aziphonsanga | ezingaphonsanga | zingaphonsanga |
| class 11 | luphonsile, luphonsē | oluphonsile, oluphonsē | luphonsile, luphonsē | aluphonsanga | olungaphonsanga | lungaphonsanga |
| class 14 | buphonsile, buphonsē | obuphonsile, obuphonsē | buphonsile, buphonsē | abuphonsanga | obungaphonsanga | bungaphonsanga |
| class 15 | kuphonsile, kuphonsē | okuphonsile, okuphonsē | kuphonsile, kuphonsē | akuphonsanga | okungaphonsanga | kungaphonsanga |
| class 17 | kuphonsile, kuphonsē | okuphonsile, okuphonsē | kuphonsile, kuphonsē | akuphonsanga | okungaphonsanga | kungaphonsanga |
| remote past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngāphonsa | engāphonsa | ngāphonsa | angiphonsanga | engingaphonsanga | ngingaphonsanga |
| 2nd singular | wāphonsa | owāphonsa | wāphonsa | awuphonsanga | ongaphonsanga | ungaphonsanga |
| 1st plural | sāphonsa | esāphonsa | sāphonsa | asiphonsanga | esingaphonsanga | singaphonsanga |
| 2nd plural | nāphonsa | enāphonsa | nāphonsa | aniphonsanga | eningaphonsanga | ningaphonsanga |
| class 1 | wāphonsa | owāphonsa | āphonsa | akaphonsanga | ongaphonsanga | engaphonsanga |
| class 2 | bāphonsa | abāphonsa | bāphonsa | abaphonsanga | abangaphonsanga | bengaphonsanga |
| class 3 | wāphonsa | owāphonsa | wāphonsa | awuphonsanga | ongaphonsanga | ungaphonsanga |
| class 4 | yāphonsa | eyāphonsa | yāphonsa | ayiphonsanga | engaphonsanga | ingaphonsanga |
| class 5 | lāphonsa | elāphonsa | lāphonsa | aliphonsanga | elingaphonsanga | lingaphonsanga |
| class 6 | āphonsa | āphonsa | āphonsa | awaphonsanga | angaphonsanga | engaphonsanga |
| class 7 | sāphonsa | esāphonsa | sāphonsa | asiphonsanga | esingaphonsanga | singaphonsanga |
| class 8 | zāphonsa | ezāphonsa | zāphonsa | aziphonsanga | ezingaphonsanga | zingaphonsanga |
| class 9 | yāphonsa | eyāphonsa | yāphonsa | ayiphonsanga | engaphonsanga | ingaphonsanga |
| class 10 | zāphonsa | ezāphonsa | zāphonsa | aziphonsanga | ezingaphonsanga | zingaphonsanga |
| class 11 | lwāphonsa | olwāphonsa | lwāphonsa | aluphonsanga | olungaphonsanga | lungaphonsanga |
| class 14 | bāphonsa | obāphonsa | bāphonsa | abuphonsanga | obungaphonsanga | bungaphonsanga |
| class 15 | kwāphonsa | okwāphonsa | kwāphonsa | akuphonsanga | okungaphonsanga | kungaphonsanga |
| class 17 | kwāphonsa | okwāphonsa | kwāphonsa | akuphonsanga | okungaphonsanga | kungaphonsanga |
| potential | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngingaphonsa | — | ngingaphonsa | ngingephonse | — | ngingephonse |
| 2nd singular | ungaphonsa | — | ungaphonsa | ungephonse | — | ungephonse |
| 1st plural | singaphonsa | — | singaphonsa | singephonse | — | singephonse |
| 2nd plural | ningaphonsa | — | ningaphonsa | ningephonse | — | ningephonse |
| class 1 | angaphonsa | — | engaphonsa | angephonse | — | engephonse |
| class 2 | bangaphonsa | — | bengaphonsa | bangephonse | — | bengephonse |
| class 3 | ungaphonsa | — | ungaphonsa | ungephonse | — | ungephonse |
| class 4 | ingaphonsa | — | ingaphonsa | ingephonse | — | ingephonse |
| class 5 | lingaphonsa | — | lingaphonsa | lingephonse | — | lingephonse |
| class 6 | angaphonsa | — | engaphonsa | angephonse | — | engephonse |
| class 7 | singaphonsa | — | singaphonsa | singephonse | — | singephonse |
| class 8 | zingaphonsa | — | zingaphonsa | zingephonse | — | zingephonse |
| class 9 | ingaphonsa | — | ingaphonsa | ingephonse | — | ingephonse |
| class 10 | zingaphonsa | — | zingaphonsa | zingephonse | — | zingephonse |
| class 11 | lungaphonsa | — | lungaphonsa | lungephonse | — | lungephonse |
| class 14 | bungaphonsa | — | bungaphonsa | bungephonse | — | bungephonse |
| class 15 | kungaphonsa | — | kungaphonsa | kungephonse | — | kungephonse |
| class 17 | kungaphonsa | — | kungaphonsa | kungephonse | — | kungephonse |
| immediate future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngizophonsa | engizophonsa | ngizophonsa | angizuphonsa | engingezuphonsa | ngingezuphonsa |
| 2nd singular | uzophonsa | ozophonsa | uzophonsa | awuzuphonsa | ongezuphonsa | ungezuphonsa |
| 1st plural | sizophonsa | esizophonsa | sizophonsa | asizuphonsa | esingezuphonsa | singezuphonsa |
| 2nd plural | nizophonsa | enizophonsa | nizophonsa | anizuphonsa | eningezuphonsa | ningezuphonsa |
| class 1 | uzophonsa | ozophonsa | ezophonsa | akazuphonsa | ongezuphonsa | engezuphonsa |
| class 2 | bazophonsa | abazophonsa | bezophonsa | abazuphonsa | abangezuphonsa | bengezuphonsa |
| class 3 | uzophonsa | ozophonsa | uzophonsa | awuzuphonsa | ongezuphonsa | ungezuphonsa |
| class 4 | izophonsa | ezophonsa | izophonsa | ayizuphonsa | engezuphonsa | ingezuphonsa |
| class 5 | lizophonsa | elizophonsa | lizophonsa | alizuphonsa | elingezuphonsa | lingezuphonsa |
| class 6 | azophonsa | azophonsa | ezophonsa | awazuphonsa | angezuphonsa | engezuphonsa |
| class 7 | sizophonsa | esizophonsa | sizophonsa | asizuphonsa | esingezuphonsa | singezuphonsa |
| class 8 | zizophonsa | ezizophonsa | zizophonsa | azizuphonsa | ezingezuphonsa | zingezuphonsa |
| class 9 | izophonsa | ezophonsa | izophonsa | ayizuphonsa | engezuphonsa | ingezuphonsa |
| class 10 | zizophonsa | ezizophonsa | zizophonsa | azizuphonsa | ezingezuphonsa | zingezuphonsa |
| class 11 | luzophonsa | oluzophonsa | luzophonsa | aluzuphonsa | olungezuphonsa | lungezuphonsa |
| class 14 | buzophonsa | obuzophonsa | buzophonsa | abuzuphonsa | obungezuphonsa | bungezuphonsa |
| class 15 | kuzophonsa | okuzophonsa | kuzophonsa | akuzuphonsa | okungezuphonsa | kungezuphonsa |
| class 17 | kuzophonsa | okuzophonsa | kuzophonsa | akuzuphonsa | okungezuphonsa | kungezuphonsa |
| remote future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyophonsa | engiyophonsa | ngiyophonsa | angiyuphonsa | engingeyuphonsa | ngingeyuphonsa |
| 2nd singular | uyophonsa | oyophonsa | uyophonsa | awuyuphonsa | ongeyuphonsa | ungeyuphonsa |
| 1st plural | siyophonsa | esiyophonsa | siyophonsa | asiyuphonsa | esingeyuphonsa | singeyuphonsa |
| 2nd plural | niyophonsa | eniyophonsa | niyophonsa | aniyuphonsa | eningeyuphonsa | ningeyuphonsa |
| class 1 | uyophonsa | oyophonsa | eyophonsa | akayuphonsa | ongeyuphonsa | engeyuphonsa |
| class 2 | bayophonsa | abayophonsa | beyophonsa | abayuphonsa | abangeyuphonsa | bengeyuphonsa |
| class 3 | uyophonsa | oyophonsa | uyophonsa | awuyuphonsa | ongeyuphonsa | ungeyuphonsa |
| class 4 | iyophonsa | eyophonsa | iyophonsa | ayiyuphonsa | engeyuphonsa | ingeyuphonsa |
| class 5 | liyophonsa | eliyophonsa | liyophonsa | aliyuphonsa | elingeyuphonsa | lingeyuphonsa |
| class 6 | ayophonsa | ayophonsa | eyophonsa | awayuphonsa | angeyuphonsa | engeyuphonsa |
| class 7 | siyophonsa | esiyophonsa | siyophonsa | asiyuphonsa | esingeyuphonsa | singeyuphonsa |
| class 8 | ziyophonsa | eziyophonsa | ziyophonsa | aziyuphonsa | ezingeyuphonsa | zingeyuphonsa |
| class 9 | iyophonsa | eyophonsa | iyophonsa | ayiyuphonsa | engeyuphonsa | ingeyuphonsa |
| class 10 | ziyophonsa | eziyophonsa | ziyophonsa | aziyuphonsa | ezingeyuphonsa | zingeyuphonsa |
| class 11 | luyophonsa | oluyophonsa | luyophonsa | aluyuphonsa | olungeyuphonsa | lungeyuphonsa |
| class 14 | buyophonsa | obuyophonsa | buyophonsa | abuyuphonsa | obungeyuphonsa | bungeyuphonsa |
| class 15 | kuyophonsa | okuyophonsa | kuyophonsa | akuyuphonsa | okungeyuphonsa | kungeyuphonsa |
| class 17 | kuyophonsa | okuyophonsa | kuyophonsa | akuyuphonsa | okungeyuphonsa | kungeyuphonsa |
| present subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngiphonse | ngingaphonsi | ||||
| 2nd singular | uphonse | ungaphonsi | ||||
| 1st plural | siphonse | singaphonsi | ||||
| 2nd plural | niphonse | ningaphonsi | ||||
| class 1 | aphonse | angaphonsi | ||||
| class 2 | baphonse | bangaphonsi | ||||
| class 3 | uphonse | ungaphonsi | ||||
| class 4 | iphonse | ingaphonsi | ||||
| class 5 | liphonse | lingaphonsi | ||||
| class 6 | aphonse | angaphonsi | ||||
| class 7 | siphonse | singaphonsi | ||||
| class 8 | ziphonse | zingaphonsi | ||||
| class 9 | iphonse | ingaphonsi | ||||
| class 10 | ziphonse | zingaphonsi | ||||
| class 11 | luphonse | lungaphonsi | ||||
| class 14 | buphonse | bungaphonsi | ||||
| class 15 | kuphonse | kungaphonsi | ||||
| class 17 | kuphonse | kungaphonsi | ||||
| past subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngaphonsa | ngangaphonsa, angaphonsa, angangaphonsa | ||||
| 2nd singular | waphonsa | wangaphonsa, awaphonsa, awangaphonsa | ||||
| 1st plural | saphonsa | sangaphonsa, asaphonsa, asangaphonsa | ||||
| 2nd plural | naphonsa | nangaphonsa, anaphonsa, anangaphonsa | ||||
| class 1 | waphonsa | wangaphonsa, akaphonsa, akangaphonsa | ||||
| class 2 | baphonsa | bangaphonsa, abaphonsa, abangaphonsa | ||||
| class 3 | waphonsa | wangaphonsa, awaphonsa, awangaphonsa | ||||
| class 4 | yaphonsa | yangaphonsa, ayaphonsa, ayangaphonsa | ||||
| class 5 | laphonsa | langaphonsa, alaphonsa, alangaphonsa | ||||
| class 6 | aphonsa | angaphonsa, awaphonsa, awangaphonsa | ||||
| class 7 | saphonsa | sangaphonsa, asaphonsa, asangaphonsa | ||||
| class 8 | zaphonsa | zangaphonsa, azaphonsa, azangaphonsa | ||||
| class 9 | yaphonsa | yangaphonsa, ayaphonsa, ayangaphonsa | ||||
| class 10 | zaphonsa | zangaphonsa, azaphonsa, azangaphonsa | ||||
| class 11 | lwaphonsa | lwangaphonsa, alwaphonsa, alwangaphonsa | ||||
| class 14 | baphonsa | bangaphonsa, abaphonsa, abangaphonsa | ||||
| class 15 | kwaphonsa | kwangaphonsa, akwaphonsa, akwangaphonsa | ||||
| class 17 | kwaphonsa | kwangaphonsa, akwaphonsa, akwangaphonsa | ||||
References
- C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “phonsa”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “phonsa (6.3)”