pukahtaa
Finnish
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpukɑhtɑːˣ/, [ˈpukɑ̝xt̪ɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -ukɑhtɑː
- Syllabification(key): pu‧kah‧taa
- Hyphenation(key): pu‧kah‧taa
Verb
pukahtaa
- (chiefly only in negative) to (even) utter a word
Conjugation
| Inflection of pukahtaa (Kotus type 53*F/muistaa, t-d gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | pukahdan | en pukahda | 1st sing. | olen pukahtanut | en ole pukahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | pukahdat | et pukahda | 2nd sing. | olet pukahtanut | et ole pukahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | pukahtaa | ei pukahda | 3rd sing. | on pukahtanut | ei ole pukahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | pukahdamme | emme pukahda | 1st plur. | olemme pukahtaneet | emme ole pukahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | pukahdatte | ette pukahda | 2nd plur. | olette pukahtaneet | ette ole pukahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | pukahtavat | eivät pukahda | 3rd plur. | ovat pukahtaneet | eivät ole pukahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | pukahdetaan | ei pukahdeta | passive | on pukahdettu | ei ole pukahdettu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | pukahdin | en pukahtanut | 1st sing. | olin pukahtanut | en ollut pukahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | pukahdit | et pukahtanut | 2nd sing. | olit pukahtanut | et ollut pukahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | pukahti | ei pukahtanut | 3rd sing. | oli pukahtanut | ei ollut pukahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | pukahdimme | emme pukahtaneet | 1st plur. | olimme pukahtaneet | emme olleet pukahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | pukahditte | ette pukahtaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte pukahtaneet | ette olleet pukahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | pukahtivat | eivät pukahtaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat pukahtaneet | eivät olleet pukahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | pukahdettiin | ei pukahdettu | passive | oli pukahdettu | ei ollut pukahdettu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | pukahtaisin | en pukahtaisi | 1st sing. | olisin pukahtanut | en olisi pukahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | pukahtaisit | et pukahtaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit pukahtanut | et olisi pukahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | pukahtaisi | ei pukahtaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi pukahtanut | ei olisi pukahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | pukahtaisimme | emme pukahtaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme pukahtaneet | emme olisi pukahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | pukahtaisitte | ette pukahtaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte pukahtaneet | ette olisi pukahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | pukahtaisivat | eivät pukahtaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat pukahtaneet | eivät olisi pukahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | pukahdettaisiin | ei pukahdettaisi | passive | olisi pukahdettu | ei olisi pukahdettu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | pukahda | älä pukahda | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | pukahtakoon | älköön pukahtako | 3rd sing. | olkoon pukahtanut | älköön olko pukahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | pukahtakaamme | älkäämme pukahtako | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | pukahtakaa | älkää pukahtako | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | pukahtakoot | älkööt pukahtako | 3rd plur. | olkoot pukahtaneet | älkööt olko pukahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | pukahdettakoon | älköön pukahdettako | passive | olkoon pukahdettu | älköön olko pukahdettu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | pukahtanen | en pukahtane | 1st sing. | lienen pukahtanut | en liene pukahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | pukahtanet | et pukahtane | 2nd sing. | lienet pukahtanut | et liene pukahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | pukahtanee | ei pukahtane | 3rd sing. | lienee pukahtanut | ei liene pukahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | pukahtanemme | emme pukahtane | 1st plur. | lienemme pukahtaneet | emme liene pukahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | pukahtanette | ette pukahtane | 2nd plur. | lienette pukahtaneet | ette liene pukahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | pukahtanevat | eivät pukahtane | 3rd plur. | lienevät pukahtaneet | eivät liene pukahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | pukahdettaneen | ei pukahdettane | passive | lienee pukahdettu | ei liene pukahdettu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | pukahtaa | present | pukahtava | pukahdettava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | pukahtanut | pukahdettu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | pukahtaessa | pukahdettaessa | agent4 | pukahtama | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | pukahtamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | pukahtaen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically. | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | pukahtamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | pukahtamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | pukahtamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | pukahtamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | pukahtamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | pukahtaman | pukahdettaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th3 | verbal noun | pukahtaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
References
- ^ Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
Further reading
- “pukahtaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 3 July 2023