qhubeka
Xhosa
Etymology
Verb
-qhubeka?
- (intransitive) to continue
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Zulu
Etymology
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /ǃʰuɓéːɠa/
Verb
-qhubéka
- (intransitive) to advance, to proceed, to progress, to go on
- (intransitive) to move forward, to move on
- (intransitive) to continue
Inflection
| positive | negative | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | ukuqhubeka | ukungaqhubeki | ||||
| imperative | ||||||
| simple | + object concord | |||||
| singular | qhubeka | -qhubeke | ||||
| plural | qhubekani | -qhubekeni | ||||
| present | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyaqhubeka, ngiqhubeka | engiqhubekayo, engiqhubeka | ngiqhubeka | angiqhubeki | engingaqhubeki | ngingaqhubeki |
| 2nd singular | uyaqhubeka, uqhubeka | oqhubekayo, oqhubeka | uqhubeka | awuqhubeki | ongaqhubeki | ungaqhubeki |
| 1st plural | siyaqhubeka, siqhubeka | esiqhubekayo, esiqhubeka | siqhubeka | asiqhubeki | esingaqhubeki | singaqhubeki |
| 2nd plural | niyaqhubeka, niqhubeka | eniqhubekayo, eniqhubeka | niqhubeka | aniqhubeki | eningaqhubeki | ningaqhubeki |
| class 1 | uyaqhubeka, uqhubeka | oqhubekayo, oqhubeka | eqhubeka | akaqhubeki | ongaqhubeki | engaqhubeki |
| class 2 | bayaqhubeka, baqhubeka | abaqhubekayo, abaqhubeka | beqhubeka | abaqhubeki | abangaqhubeki | bengaqhubeki |
| class 3 | uyaqhubeka, uqhubeka | oqhubekayo, oqhubeka | uqhubeka | awuqhubeki | ongaqhubeki | ungaqhubeki |
| class 4 | iyaqhubeka, iqhubeka | eqhubekayo, eqhubeka | iqhubeka | ayiqhubeki | engaqhubeki | ingaqhubeki |
| class 5 | liyaqhubeka, liqhubeka | eliqhubekayo, eliqhubeka | liqhubeka | aliqhubeki | elingaqhubeki | lingaqhubeki |
| class 6 | ayaqhubeka, aqhubeka | aqhubekayo, aqhubeka | eqhubeka | awaqhubeki | angaqhubeki | engaqhubeki |
| class 7 | siyaqhubeka, siqhubeka | esiqhubekayo, esiqhubeka | siqhubeka | asiqhubeki | esingaqhubeki | singaqhubeki |
| class 8 | ziyaqhubeka, ziqhubeka | eziqhubekayo, eziqhubeka | ziqhubeka | aziqhubeki | ezingaqhubeki | zingaqhubeki |
| class 9 | iyaqhubeka, iqhubeka | eqhubekayo, eqhubeka | iqhubeka | ayiqhubeki | engaqhubeki | ingaqhubeki |
| class 10 | ziyaqhubeka, ziqhubeka | eziqhubekayo, eziqhubeka | ziqhubeka | aziqhubeki | ezingaqhubeki | zingaqhubeki |
| class 11 | luyaqhubeka, luqhubeka | oluqhubekayo, oluqhubeka | luqhubeka | aluqhubeki | olungaqhubeki | lungaqhubeki |
| class 14 | buyaqhubeka, buqhubeka | obuqhubekayo, obuqhubeka | buqhubeka | abuqhubeki | obungaqhubeki | bungaqhubeki |
| class 15 | kuyaqhubeka, kuqhubeka | okuqhubekayo, okuqhubeka | kuqhubeka | akuqhubeki | okungaqhubeki | kungaqhubeki |
| class 17 | kuyaqhubeka, kuqhubeka | okuqhubekayo, okuqhubeka | kuqhubeka | akuqhubeki | okungaqhubeki | kungaqhubeki |
| recent past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiqhubekile, ngiqhubekē | engiqhubekile, engiqhubekē | ngiqhubekile, ngiqhubekē | angiqhubekanga | engingaqhubekanga | ngingaqhubekanga |
| 2nd singular | uqhubekile, uqhubekē | oqhubekile, oqhubekē | uqhubekile, uqhubekē | awuqhubekanga | ongaqhubekanga | ungaqhubekanga |
| 1st plural | siqhubekile, siqhubekē | esiqhubekile, esiqhubekē | siqhubekile, siqhubekē | asiqhubekanga | esingaqhubekanga | singaqhubekanga |
| 2nd plural | niqhubekile, niqhubekē | eniqhubekile, eniqhubekē | niqhubekile, niqhubekē | aniqhubekanga | eningaqhubekanga | ningaqhubekanga |
| class 1 | uqhubekile, uqhubekē | oqhubekile, oqhubekē | eqhubekile, eqhubekē | akaqhubekanga | ongaqhubekanga | engaqhubekanga |
| class 2 | baqhubekile, baqhubekē | abaqhubekile, abaqhubekē | beqhubekile, beqhubekē | abaqhubekanga | abangaqhubekanga | bengaqhubekanga |
| class 3 | uqhubekile, uqhubekē | oqhubekile, oqhubekē | uqhubekile, uqhubekē | awuqhubekanga | ongaqhubekanga | ungaqhubekanga |
| class 4 | iqhubekile, iqhubekē | eqhubekile, eqhubekē | iqhubekile, iqhubekē | ayiqhubekanga | engaqhubekanga | ingaqhubekanga |
| class 5 | liqhubekile, liqhubekē | eliqhubekile, eliqhubekē | liqhubekile, liqhubekē | aliqhubekanga | elingaqhubekanga | lingaqhubekanga |
| class 6 | aqhubekile, aqhubekē | aqhubekile, aqhubekē | eqhubekile, eqhubekē | awaqhubekanga | angaqhubekanga | engaqhubekanga |
| class 7 | siqhubekile, siqhubekē | esiqhubekile, esiqhubekē | siqhubekile, siqhubekē | asiqhubekanga | esingaqhubekanga | singaqhubekanga |
| class 8 | ziqhubekile, ziqhubekē | eziqhubekile, eziqhubekē | ziqhubekile, ziqhubekē | aziqhubekanga | ezingaqhubekanga | zingaqhubekanga |
| class 9 | iqhubekile, iqhubekē | eqhubekile, eqhubekē | iqhubekile, iqhubekē | ayiqhubekanga | engaqhubekanga | ingaqhubekanga |
| class 10 | ziqhubekile, ziqhubekē | eziqhubekile, eziqhubekē | ziqhubekile, ziqhubekē | aziqhubekanga | ezingaqhubekanga | zingaqhubekanga |
| class 11 | luqhubekile, luqhubekē | oluqhubekile, oluqhubekē | luqhubekile, luqhubekē | aluqhubekanga | olungaqhubekanga | lungaqhubekanga |
| class 14 | buqhubekile, buqhubekē | obuqhubekile, obuqhubekē | buqhubekile, buqhubekē | abuqhubekanga | obungaqhubekanga | bungaqhubekanga |
| class 15 | kuqhubekile, kuqhubekē | okuqhubekile, okuqhubekē | kuqhubekile, kuqhubekē | akuqhubekanga | okungaqhubekanga | kungaqhubekanga |
| class 17 | kuqhubekile, kuqhubekē | okuqhubekile, okuqhubekē | kuqhubekile, kuqhubekē | akuqhubekanga | okungaqhubekanga | kungaqhubekanga |
| remote past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngāqhubeka | engāqhubeka | ngāqhubeka | angiqhubekanga | engingaqhubekanga | ngingaqhubekanga |
| 2nd singular | wāqhubeka | owāqhubeka | wāqhubeka | awuqhubekanga | ongaqhubekanga | ungaqhubekanga |
| 1st plural | sāqhubeka | esāqhubeka | sāqhubeka | asiqhubekanga | esingaqhubekanga | singaqhubekanga |
| 2nd plural | nāqhubeka | enāqhubeka | nāqhubeka | aniqhubekanga | eningaqhubekanga | ningaqhubekanga |
| class 1 | wāqhubeka | owāqhubeka | āqhubeka | akaqhubekanga | ongaqhubekanga | engaqhubekanga |
| class 2 | bāqhubeka | abāqhubeka | bāqhubeka | abaqhubekanga | abangaqhubekanga | bengaqhubekanga |
| class 3 | wāqhubeka | owāqhubeka | wāqhubeka | awuqhubekanga | ongaqhubekanga | ungaqhubekanga |
| class 4 | yāqhubeka | eyāqhubeka | yāqhubeka | ayiqhubekanga | engaqhubekanga | ingaqhubekanga |
| class 5 | lāqhubeka | elāqhubeka | lāqhubeka | aliqhubekanga | elingaqhubekanga | lingaqhubekanga |
| class 6 | āqhubeka | āqhubeka | āqhubeka | awaqhubekanga | angaqhubekanga | engaqhubekanga |
| class 7 | sāqhubeka | esāqhubeka | sāqhubeka | asiqhubekanga | esingaqhubekanga | singaqhubekanga |
| class 8 | zāqhubeka | ezāqhubeka | zāqhubeka | aziqhubekanga | ezingaqhubekanga | zingaqhubekanga |
| class 9 | yāqhubeka | eyāqhubeka | yāqhubeka | ayiqhubekanga | engaqhubekanga | ingaqhubekanga |
| class 10 | zāqhubeka | ezāqhubeka | zāqhubeka | aziqhubekanga | ezingaqhubekanga | zingaqhubekanga |
| class 11 | lwāqhubeka | olwāqhubeka | lwāqhubeka | aluqhubekanga | olungaqhubekanga | lungaqhubekanga |
| class 14 | bāqhubeka | obāqhubeka | bāqhubeka | abuqhubekanga | obungaqhubekanga | bungaqhubekanga |
| class 15 | kwāqhubeka | okwāqhubeka | kwāqhubeka | akuqhubekanga | okungaqhubekanga | kungaqhubekanga |
| class 17 | kwāqhubeka | okwāqhubeka | kwāqhubeka | akuqhubekanga | okungaqhubekanga | kungaqhubekanga |
| potential | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngingaqhubeka | — | ngingaqhubeka | ngingeqhubeke | — | ngingeqhubeke |
| 2nd singular | ungaqhubeka | — | ungaqhubeka | ungeqhubeke | — | ungeqhubeke |
| 1st plural | singaqhubeka | — | singaqhubeka | singeqhubeke | — | singeqhubeke |
| 2nd plural | ningaqhubeka | — | ningaqhubeka | ningeqhubeke | — | ningeqhubeke |
| class 1 | angaqhubeka | — | engaqhubeka | angeqhubeke | — | engeqhubeke |
| class 2 | bangaqhubeka | — | bengaqhubeka | bangeqhubeke | — | bengeqhubeke |
| class 3 | ungaqhubeka | — | ungaqhubeka | ungeqhubeke | — | ungeqhubeke |
| class 4 | ingaqhubeka | — | ingaqhubeka | ingeqhubeke | — | ingeqhubeke |
| class 5 | lingaqhubeka | — | lingaqhubeka | lingeqhubeke | — | lingeqhubeke |
| class 6 | angaqhubeka | — | engaqhubeka | angeqhubeke | — | engeqhubeke |
| class 7 | singaqhubeka | — | singaqhubeka | singeqhubeke | — | singeqhubeke |
| class 8 | zingaqhubeka | — | zingaqhubeka | zingeqhubeke | — | zingeqhubeke |
| class 9 | ingaqhubeka | — | ingaqhubeka | ingeqhubeke | — | ingeqhubeke |
| class 10 | zingaqhubeka | — | zingaqhubeka | zingeqhubeke | — | zingeqhubeke |
| class 11 | lungaqhubeka | — | lungaqhubeka | lungeqhubeke | — | lungeqhubeke |
| class 14 | bungaqhubeka | — | bungaqhubeka | bungeqhubeke | — | bungeqhubeke |
| class 15 | kungaqhubeka | — | kungaqhubeka | kungeqhubeke | — | kungeqhubeke |
| class 17 | kungaqhubeka | — | kungaqhubeka | kungeqhubeke | — | kungeqhubeke |
| immediate future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngizoqhubeka | engizoqhubeka | ngizoqhubeka | angizuqhubeka | engingezuqhubeka | ngingezuqhubeka |
| 2nd singular | uzoqhubeka | ozoqhubeka | uzoqhubeka | awuzuqhubeka | ongezuqhubeka | ungezuqhubeka |
| 1st plural | sizoqhubeka | esizoqhubeka | sizoqhubeka | asizuqhubeka | esingezuqhubeka | singezuqhubeka |
| 2nd plural | nizoqhubeka | enizoqhubeka | nizoqhubeka | anizuqhubeka | eningezuqhubeka | ningezuqhubeka |
| class 1 | uzoqhubeka | ozoqhubeka | ezoqhubeka | akazuqhubeka | ongezuqhubeka | engezuqhubeka |
| class 2 | bazoqhubeka | abazoqhubeka | bezoqhubeka | abazuqhubeka | abangezuqhubeka | bengezuqhubeka |
| class 3 | uzoqhubeka | ozoqhubeka | uzoqhubeka | awuzuqhubeka | ongezuqhubeka | ungezuqhubeka |
| class 4 | izoqhubeka | ezoqhubeka | izoqhubeka | ayizuqhubeka | engezuqhubeka | ingezuqhubeka |
| class 5 | lizoqhubeka | elizoqhubeka | lizoqhubeka | alizuqhubeka | elingezuqhubeka | lingezuqhubeka |
| class 6 | azoqhubeka | azoqhubeka | ezoqhubeka | awazuqhubeka | angezuqhubeka | engezuqhubeka |
| class 7 | sizoqhubeka | esizoqhubeka | sizoqhubeka | asizuqhubeka | esingezuqhubeka | singezuqhubeka |
| class 8 | zizoqhubeka | ezizoqhubeka | zizoqhubeka | azizuqhubeka | ezingezuqhubeka | zingezuqhubeka |
| class 9 | izoqhubeka | ezoqhubeka | izoqhubeka | ayizuqhubeka | engezuqhubeka | ingezuqhubeka |
| class 10 | zizoqhubeka | ezizoqhubeka | zizoqhubeka | azizuqhubeka | ezingezuqhubeka | zingezuqhubeka |
| class 11 | luzoqhubeka | oluzoqhubeka | luzoqhubeka | aluzuqhubeka | olungezuqhubeka | lungezuqhubeka |
| class 14 | buzoqhubeka | obuzoqhubeka | buzoqhubeka | abuzuqhubeka | obungezuqhubeka | bungezuqhubeka |
| class 15 | kuzoqhubeka | okuzoqhubeka | kuzoqhubeka | akuzuqhubeka | okungezuqhubeka | kungezuqhubeka |
| class 17 | kuzoqhubeka | okuzoqhubeka | kuzoqhubeka | akuzuqhubeka | okungezuqhubeka | kungezuqhubeka |
| remote future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyoqhubeka | engiyoqhubeka | ngiyoqhubeka | angiyuqhubeka | engingeyuqhubeka | ngingeyuqhubeka |
| 2nd singular | uyoqhubeka | oyoqhubeka | uyoqhubeka | awuyuqhubeka | ongeyuqhubeka | ungeyuqhubeka |
| 1st plural | siyoqhubeka | esiyoqhubeka | siyoqhubeka | asiyuqhubeka | esingeyuqhubeka | singeyuqhubeka |
| 2nd plural | niyoqhubeka | eniyoqhubeka | niyoqhubeka | aniyuqhubeka | eningeyuqhubeka | ningeyuqhubeka |
| class 1 | uyoqhubeka | oyoqhubeka | eyoqhubeka | akayuqhubeka | ongeyuqhubeka | engeyuqhubeka |
| class 2 | bayoqhubeka | abayoqhubeka | beyoqhubeka | abayuqhubeka | abangeyuqhubeka | bengeyuqhubeka |
| class 3 | uyoqhubeka | oyoqhubeka | uyoqhubeka | awuyuqhubeka | ongeyuqhubeka | ungeyuqhubeka |
| class 4 | iyoqhubeka | eyoqhubeka | iyoqhubeka | ayiyuqhubeka | engeyuqhubeka | ingeyuqhubeka |
| class 5 | liyoqhubeka | eliyoqhubeka | liyoqhubeka | aliyuqhubeka | elingeyuqhubeka | lingeyuqhubeka |
| class 6 | ayoqhubeka | ayoqhubeka | eyoqhubeka | awayuqhubeka | angeyuqhubeka | engeyuqhubeka |
| class 7 | siyoqhubeka | esiyoqhubeka | siyoqhubeka | asiyuqhubeka | esingeyuqhubeka | singeyuqhubeka |
| class 8 | ziyoqhubeka | eziyoqhubeka | ziyoqhubeka | aziyuqhubeka | ezingeyuqhubeka | zingeyuqhubeka |
| class 9 | iyoqhubeka | eyoqhubeka | iyoqhubeka | ayiyuqhubeka | engeyuqhubeka | ingeyuqhubeka |
| class 10 | ziyoqhubeka | eziyoqhubeka | ziyoqhubeka | aziyuqhubeka | ezingeyuqhubeka | zingeyuqhubeka |
| class 11 | luyoqhubeka | oluyoqhubeka | luyoqhubeka | aluyuqhubeka | olungeyuqhubeka | lungeyuqhubeka |
| class 14 | buyoqhubeka | obuyoqhubeka | buyoqhubeka | abuyuqhubeka | obungeyuqhubeka | bungeyuqhubeka |
| class 15 | kuyoqhubeka | okuyoqhubeka | kuyoqhubeka | akuyuqhubeka | okungeyuqhubeka | kungeyuqhubeka |
| class 17 | kuyoqhubeka | okuyoqhubeka | kuyoqhubeka | akuyuqhubeka | okungeyuqhubeka | kungeyuqhubeka |
| present subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngiqhubeke | ngingaqhubeki | ||||
| 2nd singular | uqhubeke | ungaqhubeki | ||||
| 1st plural | siqhubeke | singaqhubeki | ||||
| 2nd plural | niqhubeke | ningaqhubeki | ||||
| class 1 | aqhubeke | angaqhubeki | ||||
| class 2 | baqhubeke | bangaqhubeki | ||||
| class 3 | uqhubeke | ungaqhubeki | ||||
| class 4 | iqhubeke | ingaqhubeki | ||||
| class 5 | liqhubeke | lingaqhubeki | ||||
| class 6 | aqhubeke | angaqhubeki | ||||
| class 7 | siqhubeke | singaqhubeki | ||||
| class 8 | ziqhubeke | zingaqhubeki | ||||
| class 9 | iqhubeke | ingaqhubeki | ||||
| class 10 | ziqhubeke | zingaqhubeki | ||||
| class 11 | luqhubeke | lungaqhubeki | ||||
| class 14 | buqhubeke | bungaqhubeki | ||||
| class 15 | kuqhubeke | kungaqhubeki | ||||
| class 17 | kuqhubeke | kungaqhubeki | ||||
| past subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngaqhubeka | ngangaqhubeka, angaqhubeka, angangaqhubeka | ||||
| 2nd singular | waqhubeka | wangaqhubeka, awaqhubeka, awangaqhubeka | ||||
| 1st plural | saqhubeka | sangaqhubeka, asaqhubeka, asangaqhubeka | ||||
| 2nd plural | naqhubeka | nangaqhubeka, anaqhubeka, anangaqhubeka | ||||
| class 1 | waqhubeka | wangaqhubeka, akaqhubeka, akangaqhubeka | ||||
| class 2 | baqhubeka | bangaqhubeka, abaqhubeka, abangaqhubeka | ||||
| class 3 | waqhubeka | wangaqhubeka, awaqhubeka, awangaqhubeka | ||||
| class 4 | yaqhubeka | yangaqhubeka, ayaqhubeka, ayangaqhubeka | ||||
| class 5 | laqhubeka | langaqhubeka, alaqhubeka, alangaqhubeka | ||||
| class 6 | aqhubeka | angaqhubeka, awaqhubeka, awangaqhubeka | ||||
| class 7 | saqhubeka | sangaqhubeka, asaqhubeka, asangaqhubeka | ||||
| class 8 | zaqhubeka | zangaqhubeka, azaqhubeka, azangaqhubeka | ||||
| class 9 | yaqhubeka | yangaqhubeka, ayaqhubeka, ayangaqhubeka | ||||
| class 10 | zaqhubeka | zangaqhubeka, azaqhubeka, azangaqhubeka | ||||
| class 11 | lwaqhubeka | lwangaqhubeka, alwaqhubeka, alwangaqhubeka | ||||
| class 14 | baqhubeka | bangaqhubeka, abaqhubeka, abangaqhubeka | ||||
| class 15 | kwaqhubeka | kwangaqhubeka, akwaqhubeka, akwangaqhubeka | ||||
| class 17 | kwaqhubeka | kwangaqhubeka, akwaqhubeka, akwangaqhubeka | ||||
References
- C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “qhuɓeka”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “qhuɓeka (3.2.9)”