qoka
Zulu
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /ǃoːɠa/
Verb
-qoka
Inflection
| positive | negative | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | ukuqoka | ukungaqoki | ||||
| imperative | ||||||
| simple | + object concord | |||||
| singular | qoka | -qoke | ||||
| plural | qokani | -qokeni | ||||
| present | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyaqoka, ngiqoka | engiqokayo, engiqoka | ngiqoka | angiqoki | engingaqoki | ngingaqoki |
| 2nd singular | uyaqoka, uqoka | oqokayo, oqoka | uqoka | awuqoki | ongaqoki | ungaqoki |
| 1st plural | siyaqoka, siqoka | esiqokayo, esiqoka | siqoka | asiqoki | esingaqoki | singaqoki |
| 2nd plural | niyaqoka, niqoka | eniqokayo, eniqoka | niqoka | aniqoki | eningaqoki | ningaqoki |
| class 1 | uyaqoka, uqoka | oqokayo, oqoka | eqoka | akaqoki | ongaqoki | engaqoki |
| class 2 | bayaqoka, baqoka | abaqokayo, abaqoka | beqoka | abaqoki | abangaqoki | bengaqoki |
| class 3 | uyaqoka, uqoka | oqokayo, oqoka | uqoka | awuqoki | ongaqoki | ungaqoki |
| class 4 | iyaqoka, iqoka | eqokayo, eqoka | iqoka | ayiqoki | engaqoki | ingaqoki |
| class 5 | liyaqoka, liqoka | eliqokayo, eliqoka | liqoka | aliqoki | elingaqoki | lingaqoki |
| class 6 | ayaqoka, aqoka | aqokayo, aqoka | eqoka | awaqoki | angaqoki | engaqoki |
| class 7 | siyaqoka, siqoka | esiqokayo, esiqoka | siqoka | asiqoki | esingaqoki | singaqoki |
| class 8 | ziyaqoka, ziqoka | eziqokayo, eziqoka | ziqoka | aziqoki | ezingaqoki | zingaqoki |
| class 9 | iyaqoka, iqoka | eqokayo, eqoka | iqoka | ayiqoki | engaqoki | ingaqoki |
| class 10 | ziyaqoka, ziqoka | eziqokayo, eziqoka | ziqoka | aziqoki | ezingaqoki | zingaqoki |
| class 11 | luyaqoka, luqoka | oluqokayo, oluqoka | luqoka | aluqoki | olungaqoki | lungaqoki |
| class 14 | buyaqoka, buqoka | obuqokayo, obuqoka | buqoka | abuqoki | obungaqoki | bungaqoki |
| class 15 | kuyaqoka, kuqoka | okuqokayo, okuqoka | kuqoka | akuqoki | okungaqoki | kungaqoki |
| class 17 | kuyaqoka, kuqoka | okuqokayo, okuqoka | kuqoka | akuqoki | okungaqoki | kungaqoki |
| recent past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiqokile, ngiqokē | engiqokile, engiqokē | ngiqokile, ngiqokē | angiqokanga | engingaqokanga | ngingaqokanga |
| 2nd singular | uqokile, uqokē | oqokile, oqokē | uqokile, uqokē | awuqokanga | ongaqokanga | ungaqokanga |
| 1st plural | siqokile, siqokē | esiqokile, esiqokē | siqokile, siqokē | asiqokanga | esingaqokanga | singaqokanga |
| 2nd plural | niqokile, niqokē | eniqokile, eniqokē | niqokile, niqokē | aniqokanga | eningaqokanga | ningaqokanga |
| class 1 | uqokile, uqokē | oqokile, oqokē | eqokile, eqokē | akaqokanga | ongaqokanga | engaqokanga |
| class 2 | baqokile, baqokē | abaqokile, abaqokē | beqokile, beqokē | abaqokanga | abangaqokanga | bengaqokanga |
| class 3 | uqokile, uqokē | oqokile, oqokē | uqokile, uqokē | awuqokanga | ongaqokanga | ungaqokanga |
| class 4 | iqokile, iqokē | eqokile, eqokē | iqokile, iqokē | ayiqokanga | engaqokanga | ingaqokanga |
| class 5 | liqokile, liqokē | eliqokile, eliqokē | liqokile, liqokē | aliqokanga | elingaqokanga | lingaqokanga |
| class 6 | aqokile, aqokē | aqokile, aqokē | eqokile, eqokē | awaqokanga | angaqokanga | engaqokanga |
| class 7 | siqokile, siqokē | esiqokile, esiqokē | siqokile, siqokē | asiqokanga | esingaqokanga | singaqokanga |
| class 8 | ziqokile, ziqokē | eziqokile, eziqokē | ziqokile, ziqokē | aziqokanga | ezingaqokanga | zingaqokanga |
| class 9 | iqokile, iqokē | eqokile, eqokē | iqokile, iqokē | ayiqokanga | engaqokanga | ingaqokanga |
| class 10 | ziqokile, ziqokē | eziqokile, eziqokē | ziqokile, ziqokē | aziqokanga | ezingaqokanga | zingaqokanga |
| class 11 | luqokile, luqokē | oluqokile, oluqokē | luqokile, luqokē | aluqokanga | olungaqokanga | lungaqokanga |
| class 14 | buqokile, buqokē | obuqokile, obuqokē | buqokile, buqokē | abuqokanga | obungaqokanga | bungaqokanga |
| class 15 | kuqokile, kuqokē | okuqokile, okuqokē | kuqokile, kuqokē | akuqokanga | okungaqokanga | kungaqokanga |
| class 17 | kuqokile, kuqokē | okuqokile, okuqokē | kuqokile, kuqokē | akuqokanga | okungaqokanga | kungaqokanga |
| remote past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngāqoka | engāqoka | ngāqoka | angiqokanga | engingaqokanga | ngingaqokanga |
| 2nd singular | wāqoka | owāqoka | wāqoka | awuqokanga | ongaqokanga | ungaqokanga |
| 1st plural | sāqoka | esāqoka | sāqoka | asiqokanga | esingaqokanga | singaqokanga |
| 2nd plural | nāqoka | enāqoka | nāqoka | aniqokanga | eningaqokanga | ningaqokanga |
| class 1 | wāqoka | owāqoka | āqoka | akaqokanga | ongaqokanga | engaqokanga |
| class 2 | bāqoka | abāqoka | bāqoka | abaqokanga | abangaqokanga | bengaqokanga |
| class 3 | wāqoka | owāqoka | wāqoka | awuqokanga | ongaqokanga | ungaqokanga |
| class 4 | yāqoka | eyāqoka | yāqoka | ayiqokanga | engaqokanga | ingaqokanga |
| class 5 | lāqoka | elāqoka | lāqoka | aliqokanga | elingaqokanga | lingaqokanga |
| class 6 | āqoka | āqoka | āqoka | awaqokanga | angaqokanga | engaqokanga |
| class 7 | sāqoka | esāqoka | sāqoka | asiqokanga | esingaqokanga | singaqokanga |
| class 8 | zāqoka | ezāqoka | zāqoka | aziqokanga | ezingaqokanga | zingaqokanga |
| class 9 | yāqoka | eyāqoka | yāqoka | ayiqokanga | engaqokanga | ingaqokanga |
| class 10 | zāqoka | ezāqoka | zāqoka | aziqokanga | ezingaqokanga | zingaqokanga |
| class 11 | lwāqoka | olwāqoka | lwāqoka | aluqokanga | olungaqokanga | lungaqokanga |
| class 14 | bāqoka | obāqoka | bāqoka | abuqokanga | obungaqokanga | bungaqokanga |
| class 15 | kwāqoka | okwāqoka | kwāqoka | akuqokanga | okungaqokanga | kungaqokanga |
| class 17 | kwāqoka | okwāqoka | kwāqoka | akuqokanga | okungaqokanga | kungaqokanga |
| potential | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngingaqoka | — | ngingaqoka | ngingeqoke | — | ngingeqoke |
| 2nd singular | ungaqoka | — | ungaqoka | ungeqoke | — | ungeqoke |
| 1st plural | singaqoka | — | singaqoka | singeqoke | — | singeqoke |
| 2nd plural | ningaqoka | — | ningaqoka | ningeqoke | — | ningeqoke |
| class 1 | angaqoka | — | engaqoka | angeqoke | — | engeqoke |
| class 2 | bangaqoka | — | bengaqoka | bangeqoke | — | bengeqoke |
| class 3 | ungaqoka | — | ungaqoka | ungeqoke | — | ungeqoke |
| class 4 | ingaqoka | — | ingaqoka | ingeqoke | — | ingeqoke |
| class 5 | lingaqoka | — | lingaqoka | lingeqoke | — | lingeqoke |
| class 6 | angaqoka | — | engaqoka | angeqoke | — | engeqoke |
| class 7 | singaqoka | — | singaqoka | singeqoke | — | singeqoke |
| class 8 | zingaqoka | — | zingaqoka | zingeqoke | — | zingeqoke |
| class 9 | ingaqoka | — | ingaqoka | ingeqoke | — | ingeqoke |
| class 10 | zingaqoka | — | zingaqoka | zingeqoke | — | zingeqoke |
| class 11 | lungaqoka | — | lungaqoka | lungeqoke | — | lungeqoke |
| class 14 | bungaqoka | — | bungaqoka | bungeqoke | — | bungeqoke |
| class 15 | kungaqoka | — | kungaqoka | kungeqoke | — | kungeqoke |
| class 17 | kungaqoka | — | kungaqoka | kungeqoke | — | kungeqoke |
| immediate future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngizoqoka | engizoqoka | ngizoqoka | angizuqoka | engingezuqoka | ngingezuqoka |
| 2nd singular | uzoqoka | ozoqoka | uzoqoka | awuzuqoka | ongezuqoka | ungezuqoka |
| 1st plural | sizoqoka | esizoqoka | sizoqoka | asizuqoka | esingezuqoka | singezuqoka |
| 2nd plural | nizoqoka | enizoqoka | nizoqoka | anizuqoka | eningezuqoka | ningezuqoka |
| class 1 | uzoqoka | ozoqoka | ezoqoka | akazuqoka | ongezuqoka | engezuqoka |
| class 2 | bazoqoka | abazoqoka | bezoqoka | abazuqoka | abangezuqoka | bengezuqoka |
| class 3 | uzoqoka | ozoqoka | uzoqoka | awuzuqoka | ongezuqoka | ungezuqoka |
| class 4 | izoqoka | ezoqoka | izoqoka | ayizuqoka | engezuqoka | ingezuqoka |
| class 5 | lizoqoka | elizoqoka | lizoqoka | alizuqoka | elingezuqoka | lingezuqoka |
| class 6 | azoqoka | azoqoka | ezoqoka | awazuqoka | angezuqoka | engezuqoka |
| class 7 | sizoqoka | esizoqoka | sizoqoka | asizuqoka | esingezuqoka | singezuqoka |
| class 8 | zizoqoka | ezizoqoka | zizoqoka | azizuqoka | ezingezuqoka | zingezuqoka |
| class 9 | izoqoka | ezoqoka | izoqoka | ayizuqoka | engezuqoka | ingezuqoka |
| class 10 | zizoqoka | ezizoqoka | zizoqoka | azizuqoka | ezingezuqoka | zingezuqoka |
| class 11 | luzoqoka | oluzoqoka | luzoqoka | aluzuqoka | olungezuqoka | lungezuqoka |
| class 14 | buzoqoka | obuzoqoka | buzoqoka | abuzuqoka | obungezuqoka | bungezuqoka |
| class 15 | kuzoqoka | okuzoqoka | kuzoqoka | akuzuqoka | okungezuqoka | kungezuqoka |
| class 17 | kuzoqoka | okuzoqoka | kuzoqoka | akuzuqoka | okungezuqoka | kungezuqoka |
| remote future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyoqoka | engiyoqoka | ngiyoqoka | angiyuqoka | engingeyuqoka | ngingeyuqoka |
| 2nd singular | uyoqoka | oyoqoka | uyoqoka | awuyuqoka | ongeyuqoka | ungeyuqoka |
| 1st plural | siyoqoka | esiyoqoka | siyoqoka | asiyuqoka | esingeyuqoka | singeyuqoka |
| 2nd plural | niyoqoka | eniyoqoka | niyoqoka | aniyuqoka | eningeyuqoka | ningeyuqoka |
| class 1 | uyoqoka | oyoqoka | eyoqoka | akayuqoka | ongeyuqoka | engeyuqoka |
| class 2 | bayoqoka | abayoqoka | beyoqoka | abayuqoka | abangeyuqoka | bengeyuqoka |
| class 3 | uyoqoka | oyoqoka | uyoqoka | awuyuqoka | ongeyuqoka | ungeyuqoka |
| class 4 | iyoqoka | eyoqoka | iyoqoka | ayiyuqoka | engeyuqoka | ingeyuqoka |
| class 5 | liyoqoka | eliyoqoka | liyoqoka | aliyuqoka | elingeyuqoka | lingeyuqoka |
| class 6 | ayoqoka | ayoqoka | eyoqoka | awayuqoka | angeyuqoka | engeyuqoka |
| class 7 | siyoqoka | esiyoqoka | siyoqoka | asiyuqoka | esingeyuqoka | singeyuqoka |
| class 8 | ziyoqoka | eziyoqoka | ziyoqoka | aziyuqoka | ezingeyuqoka | zingeyuqoka |
| class 9 | iyoqoka | eyoqoka | iyoqoka | ayiyuqoka | engeyuqoka | ingeyuqoka |
| class 10 | ziyoqoka | eziyoqoka | ziyoqoka | aziyuqoka | ezingeyuqoka | zingeyuqoka |
| class 11 | luyoqoka | oluyoqoka | luyoqoka | aluyuqoka | olungeyuqoka | lungeyuqoka |
| class 14 | buyoqoka | obuyoqoka | buyoqoka | abuyuqoka | obungeyuqoka | bungeyuqoka |
| class 15 | kuyoqoka | okuyoqoka | kuyoqoka | akuyuqoka | okungeyuqoka | kungeyuqoka |
| class 17 | kuyoqoka | okuyoqoka | kuyoqoka | akuyuqoka | okungeyuqoka | kungeyuqoka |
| present subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngiqoke | ngingaqoki | ||||
| 2nd singular | uqoke | ungaqoki | ||||
| 1st plural | siqoke | singaqoki | ||||
| 2nd plural | niqoke | ningaqoki | ||||
| class 1 | aqoke | angaqoki | ||||
| class 2 | baqoke | bangaqoki | ||||
| class 3 | uqoke | ungaqoki | ||||
| class 4 | iqoke | ingaqoki | ||||
| class 5 | liqoke | lingaqoki | ||||
| class 6 | aqoke | angaqoki | ||||
| class 7 | siqoke | singaqoki | ||||
| class 8 | ziqoke | zingaqoki | ||||
| class 9 | iqoke | ingaqoki | ||||
| class 10 | ziqoke | zingaqoki | ||||
| class 11 | luqoke | lungaqoki | ||||
| class 14 | buqoke | bungaqoki | ||||
| class 15 | kuqoke | kungaqoki | ||||
| class 17 | kuqoke | kungaqoki | ||||
| past subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngaqoka | ngangaqoka, angaqoka, angangaqoka | ||||
| 2nd singular | waqoka | wangaqoka, awaqoka, awangaqoka | ||||
| 1st plural | saqoka | sangaqoka, asaqoka, asangaqoka | ||||
| 2nd plural | naqoka | nangaqoka, anaqoka, anangaqoka | ||||
| class 1 | waqoka | wangaqoka, akaqoka, akangaqoka | ||||
| class 2 | baqoka | bangaqoka, abaqoka, abangaqoka | ||||
| class 3 | waqoka | wangaqoka, awaqoka, awangaqoka | ||||
| class 4 | yaqoka | yangaqoka, ayaqoka, ayangaqoka | ||||
| class 5 | laqoka | langaqoka, alaqoka, alangaqoka | ||||
| class 6 | aqoka | angaqoka, awaqoka, awangaqoka | ||||
| class 7 | saqoka | sangaqoka, asaqoka, asangaqoka | ||||
| class 8 | zaqoka | zangaqoka, azaqoka, azangaqoka | ||||
| class 9 | yaqoka | yangaqoka, ayaqoka, ayangaqoka | ||||
| class 10 | zaqoka | zangaqoka, azaqoka, azangaqoka | ||||
| class 11 | lwaqoka | lwangaqoka, alwaqoka, alwangaqoka | ||||
| class 14 | baqoka | bangaqoka, abaqoka, abangaqoka | ||||
| class 15 | kwaqoka | kwangaqoka, akwaqoka, akwangaqoka | ||||
| class 17 | kwaqoka | kwangaqoka, akwaqoka, akwangaqoka | ||||
References
- C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “qoka”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “qoka (6.3)”