raupjš

From an earlier adjective *raupus (yielding two parallel forms, a yo-stem form that became standard raupjš and an o-stem form that yielded the archaic noun raups), from the o-grade form *roup- of Proto-Indo-European *reup-, *rūp-, *rup- (“to pull, to tear, to break”) (from the *rup- form comes the adjective rupjš, q.v.), from the stem *reu- (“to peel, to pluck, to dig”). The semantic evolution was probably “to pluck, to tear (e.g., wool, feathers)” > (adj.) “uneven, harsh” (skin, after removing wool, feathers) > “harsh, rugged.”.^[1]

• IPA^(key): [ràwpʲʃ]

raupjš (definite raupjais, comparative raupjāks, superlative visraupjākais, adverb raupji)

1. rough, harsh, uneven, rugged (having an irregular, not smooth, harsh surface)

   raupjas rokas ― harsh, rough, hardened hands

   raupja miza ― rough, harsh bark

2. (of fabric, cloth) rough (not soft)

   raupja sega ― rough blanket

   šis raupjais kokvilnas palags ― these rough cotton sheets

3. (of hair, fur, plants) hard, coarse, not soft

   raupji mati ― hard, coarse hair

4. (of people, their behavior, appearance) simple, not subtle, not refined, not sophisticated

   mūsu tautas zemnieciski raupjajās un naivajās pasakās visur ir daiļi cilvēki ― in our people's rustic, rough and naive tales, there are beautiful people everywhere

5. (of people, their behavior, appearances) harsh, rugged, impolite (without empathy or affection; expressing lack of empathy or affection)

   stringrs un raupjš gan arī esot priekšsēdētājs ― the chairman was apparently also strict and harsh

   raupji vaibsti ― harsh (facial) features

6. (of words, speech) rough, offensive, indecent

   karstu dusmu šļākumam raupji vārdi seko ― (after) the gushing of hot anger, rough, offensive words followed

7. (rare, of raindrops, hail) big, large

   tik negants vējš, un nakts, un tumsa, un raupjām lāsēm lietus līst ― such furious wind, and night, and darkness, and the rain is falling in big (rain)drops

• ass
• negluds
• rupjš
• (of hair): ciets

• gluds
• maigs
• mīksts

• raupjums