See also: Appendix:Variations of "rd"
English
Noun
rd
- Abbreviation of road.
- Abbreviation of rad (“unit of measure”).
- (knitting, firearms) Abbreviation of round.
Anagrams
Egyptian
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
Noun
m
- foot, leg
c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE,
Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 45–46:
- ꜥḥꜥ.n dwn.n.j rdwj.j r rḫ djt.j m r(ꜣ).j
- Then I stretched out my legs to learn what I might put in my mouth.
Inflection
Declension of rd (masculine)
| singular
|
rd
|
| dual
|
rdwj
|
| plural
|
rdw
|
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of rd
Derived terms
Descendants
- Demotic: rt
- Coptic:
- ⲣⲁⲧ⸗ (rat⸗) (Sahidic, Bohairic)
- ⲗⲉⲧ⸗ (let⸗) (Fayyumic)
- ⲣⲉⲧ⸗ (ret⸗) (Akhmimic, Lycopolitan, Fayyumic, Old Coptic)
- ⲣⲉⲉⲧ⸗ (reet⸗) (Akhmimic)
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
- (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA(key): /ˈɾaːtʼuw/ (singular); IPA(key): /ˈɾatʼwaw/ (plural)
- (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA(key): /ˈɾaːtʼuw/ (singular); IPA(key): /ˈɾatʼwaw/ (plural)
- (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA(key): /ˈɾaːtʼə/ (singular); IPA(key): /ˈɾatʼwə/ (plural)
- (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA(key): /ˈɾoːtʼ/ (singular); IPA(key): /ˈɾatʼə/ (plural)
Noun
m
- bud, shoot
Inflection
Declension of rd (masculine u-stem)
| singular
|
rd
|
| dual
|
rdwj
|
| plural
|
rdw
|
Etymology 3
Verb
2-lit.
- (intransitive) to grow
Inflection
Conjugation of rd (biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad.) — base stem: rd, geminated stem: rdd
| infinitival forms
|
imperative
|
| infinitive
|
negatival complement
|
complementary infinitive1
|
singular
|
plural
|
rd
|
rdw, rd
|
rdt
|
rd, j.rd
|
rd, j.rd
|
| ‘pseudoverbal’ forms
|
| stative stem
|
periphrastic imperfective2
|
periphrastic prospective2
|
rd
|
ḥr rd
|
m rd
|
r rd
|
| suffix conjugation
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
contingent
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
| perfect
|
rd.n
|
consecutive
|
rd.jn
|
| terminative
|
rdt
|
| perfective3
|
rd
|
obligative1
|
rd.ḫr
|
| imperfective
|
rd, j.rd1
|
| prospective3
|
rd
|
potentialis1
|
rd.kꜣ
|
| subjunctive
|
rd, j.rd1
|
| verbal adjectives
|
| aspect / mood
|
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
|
participles
|
| active
|
active
|
passive
|
| perfect
|
rd.n
|
—
|
—
|
| perfective
|
rd
|
rd
|
rdd, rddj6, rd2, rdw2 5, rdy2 5
|
| imperfective
|
j.rd1, rd, rdy, rdw5
|
j.rd1, j.rdw1 5, rd, rdj6, rdy6
|
rd, rdw5
|
| prospective
|
rd, rdtj7
|
rdtj4, rdt4
|
1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
5 Only in the masculine singular.
6 Only in the masculine.
7 Only in the feminine.
|
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of rd
Derived terms
References
- Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN
- James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 256, 277.
- ^ Loprieno, Antonio (1995) Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 58